Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus as an agent of emerging and reemerging infection
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SUMMARY: Before the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2003, only 12 other animal or human coronaviruses were known. The discovery of this virus was soon followed by the discovery of the civet and bat SARS-CoV and the human coronaviruses NL63 and HKU1. Surveillance of coronaviruses in many animal species has increased the number on the list of coronaviruses to at least 36. The explosive nature of the first SARS epidemic, the high mortality, its transient reemergence a year later, and economic disruptions led to a rush on research of the epidemiological, clinical, pathological, immunological, virological, and other basic scientific aspects of the virus and the disease. This research resulted in over 4,000 publications, only some of the most representative works of which could be reviewed in this article. The marked increase in the understanding of the virus and the disease within such a short time has allowed the development of diagnostic tests, animal models, antivirals, vaccines, and epidemiological and infection control measures, which could prove to be useful in randomized control trials if SARS should return. The findings that horseshoe bats are the natural reservoir for SARS-CoV-like virus and that civets are the amplification host highlight the importance of wildlife and biosecurity in farms and wet markets, which can serve as the source and amplification centers for emerging infections.
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Many contemporary pandemics have resulted from cross-species spillover.
“Many contemporary pandemics have resulted from cross-species spill over (Christophersen and Haug, 2006; Cheng et al., 2007; Quammen, 2012; Plowright et al., 2017; Borremans et al., 2019; Johnson et al., 2020; Morens et al., 2020), including the 2009 Swine Flu Pandemic from pigs and birds, and the 2013-2016 Ebola Epidemic and COVID-19 Pandemic from bats.”
From A Fate Worse Than Warming? Stratospheric Aerosol Injection and Global Catastrophic Risk (2021) · cites this paper as Cheng et al., 2007
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- Authors
- Cheng, V. C. C., Lau, S. K. P., Woo, P. C. Y., & Yuen, K. Y.
- Affiliations
- University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Corresponding author
- Yuen, Kwok Yung
- Venue
- Clinical Microbiology Reviews
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 2007-10
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 660-694
- ISSN
- 0893-8512 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-6618
- PMC
- PMC2176051
- OpenAlex
- W2162496804
- Cited by
- 1,192
- References
- 10
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 55 · 2023: 90 · 2022: 148 · 2021: 255 · 2020: 451 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 1.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Clinical Microbiology Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Keywords
- severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, SARS-CoV, emerging infectious diseases, re-emerging infectious diseases, animal coronaviruses, SARS-CoV-2, horseshoe bats, civet cat, bat reservoirs, wet markets, biosecurity, diagnostic testing, animal models
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cats, Disease Models, Animal, Disease Outbreaks, Guinea Pigs, Humans, Infection Control, Communicable Diseases, Emerging, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
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