Cited by 292Antifungal resistance and susceptibilityFungal Infections and StudiesMedical Imaging and Pathology Studies

The Diagnostic Value of Halo and Reversed Halo Signs for Invasive Mold Infections in Compromised Hosts

Open access
Georgiadou, S. P., Sipsas, N. V., Marom, E. M., Kontoyiannis, D. P.·2011·Clinical Infectious Diseases

Abstract

The halo sign is a CT finding of ground-glass opacity surrounding a pulmonary nodule or mass. The reversed halo sign is a focal rounded area of ground-glass opacity surrounded by a crescent or complete ring of consolidation. In severely immunocompromised patients, these signs are highly suggestive of early infection by an angioinvasive fungus. The halo sign and reversed halo sign are most commonly associated with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and pulmonary mucormycosis, respectively. Many other infections and noninfectious conditions, such as neoplastic and inflammatory processes, may also manifest with pulmonary nodules associated with either sign. Although nonspecific, both signs can be useful for preemptive initiation of antifungal therapy in the appropriate clinical setting. This review aims to evaluate the diagnostic value of the halo sign and reversed halo sign in immunocompromised hosts and describes the wide spectrum of diseases associated with them.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1093/cid/cir122

Cites

118 of 118 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • In other studies, the appearance of major lesions on high-resolution CT scans almost coincided with or even preceded the detection of the galactomannan antigen in serum.

    “However, in other studies the appearance of major lesions on high-resolution CT scans almost coincided with or even preceded the detection of the galactomannan antigen in serum (112).”

    From Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillosis in 2019 (2019) · cites this paper as [112]

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. [114]Chest CT scan procedure and cost information. Available at: http://www.newchoicehealth.com/Directory/Procedure/8/Chest%20CT%20Scan. Accessed 30 December 2010. [Google Scholar]

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Georgiadou, S. P., Sipsas, N. V., Marom, E. M., & Kontoyiannis, D. P.
Affiliations
  • National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (GR)
  • The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (US)
Venue
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Published
2011-04-04
Volume
52
Issue
9
Pages
1144-1155
ISSN
  • 1058-4838 (ISSN-L)
  • 1537-6591
OpenAlex
W2170108937
Cited by
292
References
117
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 12
FWCI
14.02
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Clinical Infectious Diseases (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Cancer Institute (CA 016672, P30CA016672)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Fungal Infections and Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Medical Imaging and Pathology Studies
Keywords
halo sign, reversed halo sign, invasive fungal infections, pulmonary aspergillosis, pulmonary mucormycosis, immunocompromised patients, pulmonary nodules, ground-glass opacities, computed tomography, antifungal therapy, diagnostic value
MeSH terms
Adult, Solitary Pulmonary Nodule, Humans, Infections, Lung, Lung Diseases, Fungal, Male, Mucormycosis, Neoplasms, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Immunocompromised Host, Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review