Effect of Bacillus thuringiensis Transgenic Corn for Lepidopteran Control on Nontarget Arthropods
Open accessAbstract
Field populations of nontarget arthropods in transgenic corn with the MON 810 event expressing the Cry1Ab endotoxin from Bacillus thuringiensis variety kurstaki (Bt) were compared with those in conventional, near isogenic corn. The study was conducted at two locations in Georgia in 2001 and 2002 using visual counts, pitfall traps, and corn ear insect evaluations. Results were analyzed by trial using a repeated-measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a combined ANOVA of all trials. The only insect whose numbers were strongly affected by the Bt corn was the corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), a target insect. When averaged over all trials, larvae and adults of sap beetles, Carpophilus spp. (mostly C. lugubris Murray), and larvae of the otitid fly Euxesta stigmatis Loew were less abundant on Bt than non-Bt corn ears. Kernel damage caused by H. zea was less in Bt corn, which presumably made Bt corn ears less attractive to these insects. There were no consistent significant differences in nontarget phytophagous and predaceous arthropods in the visual counts and pitfall traps between Bt and non-Bt corn. One exception was Nabis spp., which was less abundant in Bt than non-Bt corn in the combined analysis. Flea beetles, mostly corn flea beetle, Chaetocnema pulicaria Melsheimer, were more abundant on Bt than non-Bt corn in the combined analysis but presumably were not adversely affected by the Bt corn. With the exception of nabids, these results indicate that transgenic Bt field corn containing the MON 810 event did not have an adverse effect on populations of nontarget phytophagous or predaceous arthropods in the Georgia corn system.
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Many Nitidulidae (sap beetles) are fungivores or herbivores attracted to maize plants with corn borer tunnels, other damage, or exposed kernels, where they can feed on fungi growing on plant wound exudates or directly on kernels [37, 49].
“Many Nitidulidae (sap beetles) are fungivores or herbivores that are attracted to maize plants with corn borer tunnels, other damage, or exposed kernels, where they can feed on fungi growing on the plant wound exudates or directly on the kernels [37, 49].”
From Does the growing of Bt maize change abundance or ecological function of non-target animals compared to the growing of non-GM maize? A systematic review (2022) · cites this paper as [49]
In Lepidoptera-active Bt maize, pitfall traps and plant samples recorded less Nitidulidae than in non-Bt maize [37, 49], and Bt sweet corn showed less kernels damaged by Nitidulidae [50, 51], resulting in a negative effect size in the meta-analyses.
“In Lepidoptera-active Bt maize, pitfall traps and plant samples recorded less Nitidulidae than in non-Bt maize [37, 49], and Bt sweet corn showed less kernels damaged by Nitidulidae [50, 51], resulting in a negative effect size in our meta-analyses.”
From Does the growing of Bt maize change abundance or ecological function of non-target animals compared to the growing of non-GM maize? A systematic review (2022) · cites this paper as [49]
Effects on Nitidulidae might be linked to reduced Lepidoptera damage and thus to the reduction of attractive cues for the beetles [37, 49].
“Effects on Nitidulidae might be linked to the reduced Lepidoptera damage and thus to the reduction of attractive cues for the beetles [37, 49].”
From Does the growing of Bt maize change abundance or ecological function of non-target animals compared to the growing of non-GM maize? A systematic review (2022) · cites this paper as [49]
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- Authors
- Daly, T., & Buntin, G. D.
- Affiliations
- University of Georgia (US)
- Corresponding author
- Buntin, G. David
- ORCID
- Buntin, G. David
- Venue
- Environmental Entomology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2005-10-01
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1292-1301
- ISSN
- 0046-225X (ISSN-L)
- 1938-2936
- OpenAlex
- W4239349955
- Cited by
- 55
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 3.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- Environmental Entomology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Insect Resistance and Genetics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Genetically Modified Organisms Research
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Insect Science › Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Keywords
- Bacillus thuringiensis, transgenic maize, non-target arthropods, corn earworm, Nitidulidae, Nabidae, flea beetles, phytophagous arthropods
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