The DOI matches its Crossref record; 68 of the 68 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Periodontal Disease, Tooth Loss, and Cancer Risk
Open accessAbstract
Periodontal disease, which includes gingivitis and periodontitis, is highly prevalent in adults and disease severity increases with age. The relationship between periodontal disease and oral cancer has been examined for several decades, but there is increasing interest in the link between periodontal disease and overall cancer risk, with systemic inflammation serving as the main focus for biological plausibility. Numerous case-control studies have addressed the role of oral health in head and neck cancer, and several cohort studies have examined associations with other types of cancers over the past decade. For this review, we included studies that were identified from either 11 published reviews on this topic or an updated literature search on PubMed (between 2011 and July 2016). A total of 50 studies from 46 publications were included in this review. Meta-analyses were conducted on cohort and case-control studies separately when at least 4 studies could be included to determine summary estimates of the risk of cancer in relation to 1) periodontal disease or 2) tooth number (a surrogate marker of periodontal disease) with adjustment for smoking. Existing data provide support for a positive association between periodontal disease and risk of oral, lung, and pancreatic cancers; however, additional prospective studies are needed to better inform on the strength of these associations and to determine whether other cancers are associated with periodontal disease. Future studies should include sufficiently large sample sizes, improved measurements for periodontal disease, and thorough adjustment for smoking and other risk factors.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses
Higgins, J. P. T., Thompson, S. G., Deeks, J. J., & Altman, D. G. (2003) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.327.7414.557 · Cited by 63,139
Meta-analysis in clinical trials
DerSimonian, R., & Laird, N. (1986) · Controlled Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/0197-2456(86)90046-2 · Cited by 39,552
Kostic, A. D., Chun, E., Robertson, L., Glickman, J. N., Gallini, C. A., Michaud, M., Clancy, T. E., Chung, D. C., Lochhead, P., Hold, G. L., et al. (2013) · Cell Host & Microbe · doi:10.1016/j.chom.2013.07.007 · Cited by 2,718
Fusobacterium nucleatum infection is prevalent in human colorectal carcinoma
Castellarin, M., Warren, R. L., Freeman, J. D., Dreolini, L., Krzywinski, M., Strauss, J., Barnes, R., Watson, P., Allen-Vercoe, E., Moore, R. A., et al. (2012) · Genome Research · doi:10.1101/gr.126516.111 · Cited by 2,043
Genomic analysis identifies association of Fusobacterium with colorectal carcinoma
Kostic, A. D., Gevers, D., Pedamallu, C. S., Michaud, M., Duke, F., Earl, A. M., Ojesina, A. I., Jung, J., Bass, A. J., Tabernero, J., et al. (2012) · Genome Research · doi:10.1101/gr.126573.111 · Cited by 1,960
Prevalence of Periodontitis in Adults in the United States: 2009 and 2010
Eke, P. I., Dye, B. A., Wei, L., Thornton-Evans, G. O., & Genco, R. J. (2012) · Journal of Dental Research · doi:10.1177/0022034512457373 · Cited by 1,829
Shared Risk Factors in Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer
Koene, R. J., Prizment, A. E., Blaes, A., & Konety, S. H. (2016) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.115.020406 · Cited by 1,494
Update on Prevalence of Periodontitis in Adults in the United States: NHANES 2009 to 2012
Eke, P. I., Dye, B. A., Wei, L., Slade, G. D., Thornton‐Evans, G. O., Borgnakke, W. S., Taylor, G. W., Page, R. C., Beck, J. D., & Genco, R. J. (2015) · Journal of Periodontology · doi:10.1902/jop.2015.140520 · Cited by 1,481
Case Definitions for Use in Population‐Based Surveillance of Periodontitis
Page, R. C., & Eke, P. I. (2007) · Journal of Periodontology · doi:10.1902/jop.2007.060264 · Cited by 1,469
Obesity, Inflammation, and Cancer
Deng, T., Lyon, C. J., Bergin, S., Caligiuri, M. A., & Hsueh, W. A. (2016) · Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease · doi:10.1146/annurev-pathol-012615-044359 · Cited by 794
Cited by
Association between periodontal pathogens and systemic disease
Bui, F. Q., Almeida-da-Silva, C. L. C., Huynh, B., Trinh, A., Liu, J., Woodward, J., Asadi, H., & Ojcius, D. M. (2019) · Biomedical Journal · doi:10.1016/j.bj.2018.12.001 · Cited by 829
Parhi, L., Alon-Maimon, T., Sol, A., Nejman, D., Shhadeh, A., Fainsod-Levi, T., Yajuk, O., Isaacson, B., Abed, J., Maalouf, N., et al. (2020) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-020-16967-2 · Cited by 716
Periodontal Inflammation and Systemic Diseases: An Overview
Martínez-García, M., & Hernández-Lemus, E. (2021) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.709438 · Cited by 512
Chronic periodontitis, inflammatory cytokines, and interrelationship with other chronic diseases
Cardoso, E. M., Reis, C., & Manzanares-Céspedes, M. C. (2018) · Postgraduate Medicine · doi:10.1080/00325481.2018.1396876 · Cited by 484
The Oral Microbiome and Cancer
Irfan, M., Delgado, R. Z. R., & Frias-Lopez, J. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.591088 · Cited by 341
Metadata
- Authors
- Michaud, D. S., Fu, Z., Shi, J., & Chung, M.
- Venue
- Epidemiologic Reviews
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2017-01-01
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 49-58
- ISSN
- 0193-936X (ISSN-L)
- 1478-6729
- OpenAlex
- W2607672964
- Cited by
- 458
- References
- 68
- FWCI
- 29.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Periodontal Disease, Tooth Loss, and Cancer Risk. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1093/epirev/mxx006
- The paper
- Michaud, D. S., Fu, Z., Shi, J., & Chung, M. (2017). Periodontal Disease, Tooth Loss, and Cancer Risk. Epidemiologic Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1093/epirev/mxx006
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
