The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Improving Memory and Control Beliefs Through Cognitive Restructuring and Self-generated Strategies
Abstract
Memory problems are a major source of concern among older adults. The goal of this research was to evaluate methods for improving memory performance and beliefs about memory ability and control. Men and women between the ages of 60 and 85 were randomly assigned to one of five treatment groups: (1) cognitive restructuring to promote adaptive beliefs about memory, (2) memory skills training, (3) combined cognitive restructuring and memory skills training, (4) practice on memory tasks, and (5) a no-contact control group. Beliefs about memory (ability and control) and memory performance (working memory, recall of text materials, categorizable word list, and names and faces) were assessed at a pretest and two posttests. As predicted, those receiving the combined treatment showed the greatest increases in their sense of control and perceived ability to improve memory. Results indicated that all groups improved equally on the memory tasks, although those who had received memory training were more likely to report at the second posttest that they had begun using new strategies for remembering things.
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In the citing paper
“Belief-restructuring approaches on their own have not been shown to produce maintenance of training benefits (e.g., Lachman, Weaver, Bandura, Elliott, & Lewkowicz, 1992)”
From Enrichment Effects on Adult Cognitive Development: Can the Functional Capacity of Older Adults Be Preserved and Enhanced? (2008) · cites this paper as Lachman et al., 1992
In the citing paper
“The expectancy towards one’s own cognitive performance and cognitive competence can be improved by cognitive restructuring, e.g., during psychotherapeutic sessions, and psychoeducation by changing beliefs and attitudes about experienced memory impairment [33, 74].”
From Psychotherapeutic interventions in individuals at risk for Alzheimer’s dementia: a systematic review (2022) · cites this paper as [74]
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Effects of Cognitive Training Interventions With Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Ball, K., Berch, D. B., Helmers, K. F., Jobe, J. B., Leveck, M. D., Marsiske, M., Morris, J. N., Rebok, G. W., Smith, D. M., Tennstedt, S. L., et al. (2002) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.288.18.2271 · Cited by 2,049
“0) [23–30] 26.”
Hertzog, C., Kramer, A. F., Wilson, R. S., & Lindenberger, U. (2008) · Psychological Science in the Public Interest · doi:10.1111/j.1539-6053.2009.01034.x · Cited by 1,495
Improving memory in old age through implicit self-stereotyping.
Levy, B. R. (1996) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.71.6.1092 · Cited by 840
“The failure of the explicit intervention in changing memory fits in with the lack of memory improvement found by Lachman et al. (1992) after their two explicit interventions with old participants.”
BackgroundThe impact of stereotype threat on age differences in memory performance
Hess, T. M., Auman, C., Colcombe, S. J., & Rahhal, T. A. (2003) · The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences · doi:10.1093/geronb/58.1.p3 · Cited by 578
Tennstedt, S. L., Howland, J., Lachman, M. E., Peterson, E., Kasten, L. E., & Jette, A. M. (1998) · The Journals of Gerontology Series B · doi:10.1093/geronb/53b.6.p384 · Cited by 500
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Lachman, M. E., Weaver, S. L., Bandura, M., Elliot, E., & Lewkowicz, C. J.
- Affiliations
- Brandeis University (US)
- ORCID
- Lachman, M. E.
- Venue
- Journal of Gerontology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1992-09-01
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- P293-P299
- ISSN
- 0022-1422 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2313887247
- Cited by
- 209
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 2.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Gerontology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01ag007790-03)
- National Institute on Aging (AG-07790)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Keywords
- cognitive restructuring, memory training, older adults, memory beliefs, perceived control, perceived competence, working memory, memory retrieval, face recognition (cognition), memory strategies, cognitive aging
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Attitude, Cognition, Education, Female, Forecasting, Humans, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Male, Memory, Memory, Short-Term, Middle Aged, Motivation, Mental Recall, Self Concept, Teaching, Multivariate Analysis
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