A prospective study of the forearm bone density of users of etonorgestrel- and levonorgestrel-releasing contraceptive implants
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to compare bone mineral density (BMD) before insertion and at 18 months of use of etonorgestrel- and levonorgestrel-releasing contraceptive implants. METHODS: One hundred and eleven women, 19-43 years of age, were randomly allocated to two groups: 56 to etonorgestrel and 55 to levonorgestrel. BMD was evaluated at the midshaft of the ulna and at the distal radius of the non-dominant forearm using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry before insertion and at 18 months of use. RESULTS: There was no difference in baseline demographic or anthropometric characteristics, or in BMD of users of either model of implant. BMD was significantly lower at 18 months of use at the midshaft of the ulna in both groups of users. However, no difference was found at the distal radius. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the variables associated with BMD at 18 months of use in both implant groups were baseline BMD, body mass index (BMI) and difference in BMI (0 versus 18 months of use). CONCLUSIONS: Women of 19-43 years of age using either one of the implants showed lower BMD at 18 months of use at the midshaft of the ulna, however, without a difference at the distal radius.
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Bahamondes et al. demonstrated a significant decrease in BMD at the midshaft of the ulna after 18 months from insertion of the ENG implant.
“Contrarily, Bahamondes et al. [99] demonstrated a significantly decrease in BMD at the midshaft of the ulna after 18 months from the insertion of the device.”
From Oral and depot progestin therapy for endometriosis: towards a personalized medicine (2017) · cites this paper as [99]
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- Authors
- Bahamondes, L., Monteiro-Dantas, C., Espejo-Arce, X., dos Santos Fernandes, A. M., Lui-Filho, J. F., Perrotti, M., & Petta, C. A.
- Affiliations
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) (BR)
- Corresponding author
- Bahamondes, Luis
- Venue
- Human Reproduction
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2005-10-27
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 466-470
- ISSN
- 0268-1161 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2350
- OpenAlex
- W2099682112
- Cited by
- 66
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 4.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Human Reproduction (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- World Bank Group
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Health and Contraception
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Menopause: Health Impacts and Treatments
- Keywords
- contraceptive implants, etonogestrel, levonorgestrel, bone mineral density, forearm bone mineral density, ulna, distal radius, bone loss, body mass index, weight change, women of reproductive age
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Contraceptive Agents, Female, Drug Implants, Female, Humans, Radius, Ulna, Absorptiometry, Photon, Bone Density, Levonorgestrel, Desogestrel
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