Cited by 594Dementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchTraumatic Brain Injury ResearchAlzheimer's disease research and treatments

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Head Trauma as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer's Disease: A Collaborative Re-Analysis of Case-Control Studies

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Mortimer, J A, Van Duijn, C M, Chandra, V, Fratiglioni, L, Graves, A B, Heyman, A, Jorm, A F, Kokmen, E, Kondo, K, Rocca, W A, Shalat, S L, Soininen, H, A Hofman for the Eurodem Risk Factors Research Group·1991·International Journal of Epidemiology

DOI 10.1093/ije/20.supplement_2.s28

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Abstract

A re-analysis of the data from 11 case-control studies was performed to investigate the association between head trauma and Alzheimer's disease (AD). To increase comparability of studies, exposures were limited to head trauma with loss of consciousness (hereafter referred to as 'head trauma') and comparisons were restricted to community (versus hospital) controls. Test for heterogeneity across studies was negative; consequently, data were pooled in subsequent analyses. The pooled relative risk for head trauma was 1.82 (95% confidence interval: 1.26-2.67). Stratified analyses showed stronger associations in cases without a positive family history of dementia and in males (versus females). Adjustment of the pooled relative risk for family history of dementia, education and alcohol consumption did not alter significantly the association between head trauma and AD. There was no interaction effect between head trauma and family history of dementia, suggesting that these risk factors operate independently. Mean age of onset was not significantly different in cases with a history of head trauma compared to cases without such a history. The findings of the pooled analysis support an association between reported head trauma and AD.

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“In fact, several studies report head injury as a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (Guo et al., 2000; Johnson, Stewart, & Smith, 2010; Mortimer et al., 1991; O’Meara et al., 1997; Rasmusson, Brandt, Martin, & Folstein, 1995; Roberts et al., 1994).”
Background
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“…injury, has been shown to precipitate clinicopathological profiles of patients many years after injury, and exacerbate neuropathological lesions observed in autopsy AD brains (Gedye et al., 1989; Mortimer et al., 1991; Fleminger et al., 2003; McKee et al., 2009, 2013; Omalu et al., 2011).”
Background

Authors: Mortimer, J. A., Van Duijn, C. M., Chandra, V, Fratiglioni, L., Graves, A. B., Heyman, A., Jorm, A. F., Kokmen, E., Kondo, K., Rocca, W. A., Shalat, S. L., Soininen, H., & A Hofman for the Eurodem Risk Factors Research Group
Affiliations: Minneapolis VA Medical Center (US)
Erasmus University Rotterdam (NL)
Corresponding author: Mortimer, J A
ORCID: Fratiglioni, L
Jorm, A F
Rocca, W A
Shalat, S L
Venue: International Journal of Epidemiology
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 1991-01-01
Volume: 20
Issue: Supplement 2
Pages: S28-S35
ISSN: 0300-5771 (ISSN-L)
1464-3685
DOI: 10.1093/ije/20.supplement_2.s28
OpenAlex: W2142046013
Cited by: 594
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 37 · 2015: 31 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 21
FWCI: 12.29
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
hdl.handle.net
Licence: other-oa
Locations: International Journal of Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
Keywords: head trauma, Alzheimer's disease, risk factors, loss of consciousness, family history of dementia, sex differences, age of onset, pooled relative risk, case-control study
MeSH terms: Alzheimer Disease, Australia, Europe, Female, Craniocerebral Trauma, Humans, Male, Risk, Risk Factors, United States, Meta-Analysis as Topic, Case-Control Studies

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Head Trauma as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer's Disease: A Collaborative Re-Analysis of Case-Control Studies

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