The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Reproducibility and Validity of a Self-Administered Physical Activity Questionnaire
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The reproducibility and validity of self-administered questionnaires on physical activity and inactivity were examined in a random (representative) sample of the Nurses' Health Study II cohort and a random sample of African-American women in that cohort. METHODS: Repeat questionnaires were administered 2 years apart. Past-week activity recalls and 7-day activity diaries were the referent methods; these instruments were sent to participants four times over a 1-year period. RESULTS: The 2-year test-retest correlation for activity was 0.59 for the representative sample (n = 147) and 0.39 for the African-American sample (n = 84). Correlations between activity reported on recalls and that reported on questionnaire were 0.79 and 0.83 for the representative and African-American samples, respectively. Correlations between activity reported in diaries and that reported on questionnaire were 0.62 and 0.59, respectively. Test-retest coefficients for inactivity were 0.52 and 0.55, respectively. Correlations between inactivity reported in diaries and that reported on questionnaire were 0.41 and 0.44, respectively. CONCLUSION: The simple, short questionnaires on activity and inactivity used in the Nurses' Health Study II are reasonably valid measures for epidemiological research.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“The reproducibility and validity of self-administered questionnaires on adult physical activity were examined in a prospective cohort and found to be appropriate for epidemiologic research (77).”
Citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 701–800 of 997
de Baca, T. C., Peña, M. S. B., Slopen, N. B., Williams, D. R., Buring, J. E., & Albert, M. A. (2019) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2019.06.002 · Cited by 22
Hyperproinsulinaemia and risk of Type 2 diabetes mellitus in women
Schulze, M. B., Solomon, C. G., Rifai, N., Cohen, R. M., Sparrow, J., Hu, F. B., & Manson, J. E. (2005) · Diabetic Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.2005.01585.x · Cited by 22
Self-citationPerceived imbalance and risk of Parkinson's disease
Gao, X., Chen, H., Schwarzschild, M. A., Logroscino, G., & Ascherio, A. (2008) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.21919 · Cited by 22
Petryk, A., Polgreen, L. E., Zhang, L., Hodges, J. S., Dengel, D. R., Hoffmeister, P. A., Steinberger, J., & Baker, K. S. (2013) · Bone Marrow Transplantation · doi:10.1038/bmt.2013.156 · Cited by 21
Tseveenjav, B., Suominen, A. L., Varsio, S., Knuuttila, M. L. E., & Vehkalahti, M. M. (2014) · Acta Odontologica Scandinavica · doi:10.3109/00016357.2014.923110 · Cited by 21
Méndez‐Hernández, P., Dosamantes-Carrasco, L. D., Siani, C., Pierlot, R., Martı́nez–Gómez, M., Rivera‐Paredez, B., Cervantes-Popoca, L., Rojas-Lima, E., Salazar-Martínez, E., Flóres, Y. N., et al. (2016) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114516003329 · Cited by 21
“Recreational physical activity (PA) was assessed using a PA questionnaire((41)) that has been validated in Spanish((42)) and adapted for the HWCS population in Mexico((43)).”
VanKim, N. A., Austin, S. B., Jun, H., & Corliss, H. L. (2017) · Journal of Women s Health · doi:10.1089/jwh.2017.6389 · Cited by 21
Kim, J., Kraft, P. L., Hagan, K. A., Harrington, L. B., Lindström, S., & Kabrhel, C. (2018) · Genetic Epidemiology · doi:10.1002/gepi.22118 · Cited by 23
“Validity of self-reported physical activity, measured as MET-hour, and sitting time have been reported elsewhere (validity correlation: r = 0.79 and 0.41, respectively) (Chasan-Taber et al., 1996; Wolf et al., 1994).”
MethodInfluentialThe effect of modifiable risk factors on breast cancer aggressiveness among black and white women
Killelea, B. K., Gallagher, E. J., Feldman, S. M., Port, E. R., King, T. A., Boolbol, S. K., Franco, R., Fei, K., Roith, D. L., & Bickell, N. A. (2019) · The American Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2019.07.012 · Cited by 20
“) Physical activity was calculated using methods described in the 1989 Nurses’ Health Study II and a subsequent validation study.(20) Given the urban setting of patient recruitment, our study questionnaire only included questions about intensity and time spent walking/hiking outdoors (including walking to work) and bi…”
MethodSandhu, J., Rubeis, V. D., Cotterchio, M., Smith, B. T., Griffith, L. E., Brenner, D. R., Borgida, A., Gallinger, S., Cleary, S. P., & Anderson, L. N. (2020) · BMC Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12885-020-6627-8 · Cited by 20
Collaborators, T. M. W. S., Armstrong, M. E. G., Cairns, B. J., Green, J., REEVES, G. K., & Beral, V. (2011) · BMC Medical Research Methodology · doi:10.1186/1471-2288-11-97 · Cited by 19
“Measurement errors in the assessment of long term activity patterns result from a combination of variability in answers when completing a questionnaire (resulting from difficulty recalling past activity, differing interpretations of the questions, social desirability response bias, and random reporting errors) and rea…”
BackgroundDesign of Present-Day Epidemiologic Studies of Physical Activity and Health
Lee, I.-M. M., & Paffenbarger, R. S. (2008) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195183009.003.0006 · Cited by 21
Levels of C-Peptide and Mammographic Breast Density
Diorio, C., Pollak, M., Byrne, C., et al. (2005) · Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention · doi:10.1158/1055-9965.epi-05-0466 · Cited by 20
“The Nurses’ Health Study II Activity and Inactivity Questionnaire (24) and the semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (97GP copyrighted at Harvard University) were used to estimate physical activity and dietary intake, respectively, during the year preceding the mammography.”
MethodPhysical Activity in Obese Type 2 Diabetes After Gastric Bypass or Medical Management
Panosian, J., Ding, S.-A., Wewalka, M., Simonson, D. C., GOEBEL-FABBRI, A. E., Foster, K., Halperin, F., Vernon, A. H., & Goldfine, A. B. (2016) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2016.07.019 · Cited by 20
Sotos‐Prieto, M., Mattei, J., Cook, N. R., Hu, F. B., Willett, W. C., Chiuve, S. E., Rimm, E. B., & Sesso, H. D. (2018) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.118.010052 · Cited by 20
Self-citationSex Hormone Levels in Premenopausal African-American Women With Upper and Lower Body Fat Phenotypes
Barnett, J. B., Woods, M. N., ROSNER, B. A., et al. (2001) · Nutrition and Cancer · doi:10.1080/01635581.2001.9680611 · Cited by 20
“Subjects were also asked to complete the “Nurses’ Health Study II Physical Activity Questionnaire” (30).”
BackgroundSelf-citationFore, R., Hart, J. E., Choirat, C., Thompson, J., Lynch, K. A., Laden, F., Chavarro, J. E., & James, P. (2020) · Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention · doi:10.1158/1055-9965.epi-19-1386 · Cited by 21
“completing the four sampling sessions, participants were e-mailed a link to a questionnaire on self-reported physical activity (54), sleep, and sedentary behavior (ref.”
BackgroundDing, M., Fitzmaurice, G. M., Arvizu, M., Willett, W. C., Manson, J. E., Rexrode, K. M., Hu, F. B., & Chavarro, J. E. (2022) · BMJ Medicine · doi:10.1136/bmjmed-2021-000098 · Cited by 20
Self-citationAssociation of Plasma Metabolomic Biomarkers With Persistent Tinnitus
Zeleznik, O. A., Welling, D. B., Stanković, K. M., Frueh, L., Balasubramanian, R., Curhan, G. C., & Curhan, S. G. (2023) · JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery · doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2023.0052 · Cited by 19
Consumption of sweet foods and mammographic breast density: a cross-sectional study
Duchaine, C. S., Dumas, I., & Diorio, C. (2014) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-554 · Cited by 19
“Physical activity was assessed using the Nurses’ Health Study II Activity and Inactivity Questionnaire [39] and then expressed as metabolic equivalent (MET) hours per week.”
MethodProspective Study of Restless Legs Syndrome and Risk of Erectile Dysfunction
Li, Y., Batool‐Anwar, S., Kim, S., Rimm, E. B., Ascherio, A., & Gao, X. (2013) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kws364 · Cited by 19
Prepregnancy and Early Adulthood Body Mass Index and Adult Weight Change in Relation to Fetal Loss
Gaskins, A. J., Rich-Edwards, J. W., Colaci, D., Afeiche, M. C., Toth, T. L., Gillman, M. W., Missmer, S. A., & Chavarro, J. E. (2014) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1097/aog.0000000000000478 · Cited by 19
Vitamin D Status Is Not Associated with Risk of Early Menopause
Purdue‐Smithe, A., Whitcomb, B. W., Manson, J. E., Hankinson, S. E., Troy, L. M., ROSNER, B. A., & Bertone‐Johnson, E. R. (2018) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/nxy129 · Cited by 19
“Physical activity was assessed in 1989, 1991, 1997, 2001, and 2005 by using validated questionnaires (21).”
MethodSelf-citationLiu, P., Lebwohl, B., Burke, K. E., et al. (2018) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1038/s41395-018-0267-5 · Cited by 19
“Physical activity was self-reported using a validated questionnaire on average every four years [21].”
Tabung, F. K., Nimptsch, K., & Giovannucci, E. L. (2018) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/nxy239 · Cited by 19
“13 516 0 1 (−15, 19) 13 (−5, 34) 18 (−1, 40) 44 (21, 72) <0.”
MethodRelationship Between Muscle-Strengthening Activity and Cause-Specific Mortality in a Large US Cohort
Patel, A. V., Hodge, J. M., Rees‐Punia, E., Teras, L. R., Campbell, P. T., & Gapstur, S. M. (2020) · Preventing Chronic Disease · doi:10.5888/pcd17.190408 · Cited by 20
Gaengler, S., Sadlon, A., Molino, C. D. G. R. C., Willett, W. C., Manson, J. E., Vellas, B. J., Steinhagen‐Thiessen, E., von Eckardstein, A., Ruschitzka, F. T., Rizzoli, R., et al. (2024) · The journal of nutrition health & aging · doi:10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100037 · Cited by 18
Self-citationYi, L., Hart, J. E., Roscoe, C., Mehta, U., Jimenez, M. P., Lin, P. D., Süel, E., Hystad, P., Hankey, S., Zhang, W., et al. (2025) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2025.109429 · Cited by 21
Leisure-time physical activity after diagnosis and survival by cancer type: a pooled analysis
Rees‐Punia, E., Teras, L. R., Newton, C. C., Moore, S. C., Lee, I.-M. M., Bates‐Fraser, L. C., Bloodworth, D. E., Eliassen, A. H., Mucci, L. A., Lynch, B. M., et al. (2025) · JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute · doi:10.1093/jnci/djaf112 · Cited by 20
Self-citationPhysical Activity and Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Among U.S. Men and Women
Luo, X., Yang, W., Ma, Y., Simon, T. G., Meyerhardt, J. A., Chan, A. T., Giovannucci, E. L., & Zhang, X. (2020) · Cancer Prevention Research · doi:10.1158/1940-6207.capr-19-0447 · Cited by 18
Sikavi, D. R., Nguyen, L. H., Haruki, K., Ugai, T., Ma, W., Wang, D. D., Thompson, K. N., Yan, Y., Branck, T. A., Wilkinson, J. E., et al. (2021) · Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology · doi:10.14309/ctg.0000000000000338 · Cited by 19
“Physical activity was self-reported using validated questionnaires every 2 – 4 years (63).”
MethodZeng, H., Yuan, C., Morze, J., Fu, R., Wang, K., Wang, L., Sun, F., Ji, J. S., Giovannucci, E. L., & Song, M. (2022) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104345 · Cited by 20
Lai, K. Z. H., Yehia, N. A., Semnani‐Azad, Z., Mejía, S. B., Boucher, B. A., Malik, V., Bazinet, R. P., & Hanley, A. J. (2022) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.advnut.2022.10.004 · Cited by 18
Lemij, A. A., Liefers, G., Derks, M. G. M., Bastiaannet, E., Fiocco, M. F., Lans, T. E., van der Pol, C. C., Vulink, A. J. E., van Gerven, L., Guicherit, O. R., et al. (2023) · The Oncologist · doi:10.1093/oncolo/oyad027 · Cited by 19
Association Between Markers of Inflammation and Total Stroke by Hypertensive Status Among Women
Jiménez, M. C., Rexrode, K. M., Kotler, G., Everett, B. M., Glynn, R. J., Lee, I.-M. M., Buring, J. E., Ridker, P. M., & Sesso, H. D. (2016) · American Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1093/ajh/hpw050 · Cited by 18
Lin, B. M., Curhan, S. G., Wang, M., et al. (2016) · Ear and Hearing · doi:10.1097/aud.0000000000000347 · Cited by 18
Physical activity and premenopausal breast cancer: an examination of recall and selection bias
Maruti, S. S., Willett, W. C., Feskanich, D., Levine, B. J., ROSNER, B. A., & Colditz, G. A. (2008) · Cancer Causes & Control · doi:10.1007/s10552-008-9263-1 · Cited by 18
“Also, our measure of physical activity during adulthood performed well when comparing reports from a questionnaire inquiring about activity in the previous year with recalls of past-week activity (r = 0.79) and separately, with four seven-day activity diaries (r = 0.62) among 149 representative NHSII participants [ 25…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationLow discretionary time as a barrier to physical activity and intervention uptake.
Wolin, K. Y., Bennett, G. G., McNeill, L. H., et al. (2009) · PubMed · doi:10.5555/ajhb.2008.32.6.563 · Cited by 18
Anthropometric factors, adult weight gain, and mammographic features
Soguel, L., & Diorio, C. (2015) · Cancer Causes & Control · doi:10.1007/s10552-015-0706-1 · Cited by 18
“Known or suspected breast cancer risk factors were collected within the month following mammography, during an in-depth structured telephone interview: reproductive and menstrual history, family history of breast cancer, personal history of breast biopsies, past use of oral contraceptives and hormone replacement thera…”
Sliter, K. A., & Sliter, M. T. (2014) · International Journal of Stress Management · doi:10.1037/a0035638 · Cited by 25
Dietary nitrate consumption and risk of CHD in women from the Nurses’ Health Study
Jackson, J. K., Zong, G., MacDonald‐Wicks, L. K., Patterson, A. J., Willett, W. C., Rimm, E. B., Manson, J. E., & McEvoy, M. (2019) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114519000096 · Cited by 18
“Covariates were self-reported data updated biennially from baseline including smoking status (never, past or current 1–14, 14–25 or ≥25 cigarettes/d), physical activity level (metabolic equivalents (MET)/week)((36)), race (White, Hispanic, Asian, African) and BMI (calculated as weight in kg divided by height in m(2) (…”
BackgroundSelf-citationMolsberry, S. A., Bjørnevik, K., Hughes, K. C., Zhang, Z. J., Jeanfavre, S., Clish, C. B., Healy, B. C., Schwarzschild, M. A., & Ascherio, A. (2020) · Journal of Parkinson s Disease · doi:10.3233/jpd-191896 · Cited by 17
“Covariate assessment Information on lifestyle practices and medical history is collected biennially by self-report questionnaires in the NHS and the HPFS, which have been extensively validated [37-42].”
Correlation of urine and plasma cytokine levels among reproductive‐aged women
Nobles, C. J., Bertone‐Johnson, E. R., Ronnenberg, A. G., Faraj, J. M., Zagarins, S., Takashima‐Uebelhoer, B. B., & Whitcomb, B. W. (2015) · European Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1111/eci.12428 · Cited by 16
Schmid, D., Behrens, G., Arem, H. E., Hart, C., Herr, W., Jochem, C., Matthews, C. E., & Leitzmann, M. F. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0192078 · Cited by 17
Marchand, N. E., Sparks, J. A., Malspeis, S., et al. (2021) · Lara D. Veeken · doi:10.1093/rheumatology/keab535 · Cited by 17
Alcohol consumption and risk of inflammatory bowel disease among three prospective US cohorts
Casey, K. J., Lopes, E. W., Niccum, B. A., et al. (2021) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/apt.16731 · Cited by 17
Physical Activity and the Risk of Becoming Overweight or Obese in Middle‐Aged and Older Women
Britton, K. A., Lee, I.-M. M., Wang, L., Gaziano, J. M., Manson, J. E., Buring, J. E., & Sesso, H. D. (2011) · Obesity · doi:10.1038/oby.2011.359 · Cited by 18
Self-citationPhysical Activity and Breast Cancer Risk in a Cohort of Young Women
Rockhill, B., Willett, W. C., Hunter, D. J., Manson, J. E., Hankinson, S. E., Spiegelman, D. L., & Colditz, G. A. (1998) · JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute · doi:10.1093/jnci/90.15.1555 · Cited by 17
Self-citationImplementation of a cancer prevention program for working class, multiethnic populations
Lobb, R., Suarez, E. G., Fay, M. E., Gutheil, C. M., Hunt, M. K., Fletcher, R. H., & Emmons, K. M. (2004) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2003.12.025 · Cited by 17
Wang, Y., Wang, S., Mitsunami, M., Manson, J. E., Rich-Edwards, J. W., Wang, L., Zhang, C., & Chavarro, J. E. (2021) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-021-05531-2 · Cited by 16
“The reliability of self-reported body weight, smoking habit, physical activity and diet in this cohort has been validated in previous studies [18, 21, 22].”
MethodSelf-citationYang, J., Tobias, D. K., Li, S., Bhupathiraju, S. N., Ley, S. H., Hinkle, S. N., Qian, F., Chen, Z., Zhu, Y., Bao, W., et al. (2022) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqac241 · Cited by 18
Lignan Intake and Type 2 Diabetes Incidence Among US Men and Women
Wang, S., Hu, Y., Liu, B., Li, Y., Wang, M., & Sun, Q. (2024) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.26367 · Cited by 16
Energy balance, early life body size, and plasma prolactin levels in postmenopausal women
Su, X., Hankinson, S. E., Clevenger, C. V., et al. (2008) · Cancer Causes & Control · doi:10.1007/s10552-008-9240-8 · Cited by 16
“A previous validation study of this activity questionnaire observed a correlation between total METhours/week from the questionnaire and four seven-day activity diaries of 0.62 [ 33 ].”
InfluentialBody Size and the Risk of Primary Hyperparathyroidism in Women: A Cohort Study
Vaidya, A., Curhan, G. C., Paik, J. M., Wang, M., & Taylor, E. N. (2017) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1002/jbmr.3168 · Cited by 16
“79).((23)) Average annual ultraviolet B (UV-B) radiation was assessed.”
BackgroundMa, L., Liu, G., Zong, G., Sampson, L., Hu, F. B., Willett, W. C., Rimm, E. B., Manson, J. E., Rexrode, K. M., & Sun, Q. (2018) · Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.2147/clep.s164497 · Cited by 16
Self-citationA Prospective Study of Dairy-Food Intake and Early Menopause
Purdue‐Smithe, A., Whitcomb, B. W., Manson, J. E., Hankinson, S. E., ROSNER, B. A., Troy, L. M., & Bertone‐Johnson, E. R. (2018) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwy212 · Cited by 16
“), from which we calculated metabolic equivalent of task (MET)hours per week (21).”
MethodSelf-citationTobias, D. K., Chai, B., Tamimi, R. M., Manson, J. E., Hu, F. B., Willett, W. C., & Eliassen, A. H. (2021) · JNCI Cancer Spectrum · doi:10.1093/jncics/pkab032 · Cited by 16
Self-citationUnrestrained eating behavior and risk of digestive system cancers: a prospective cohort study
Zhang, Y., Song, M., Chan, A. T., Schernhammer, E. S., Wolpin, B. M., Stampfer, M. J., Meyerhardt, J. A., Fuchs, C. S., Roberts, S. B., Willett, W. C., et al. (2021) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqab235 · Cited by 19
Self-citationYang, J. J., Yu, D., White, E., Lee, D. H., Blot, W. J., Robien, K., Sinha, R. R., Park, Y., Takata, Y., Gao, Y., et al. (2022) · JNCI Cancer Spectrum · doi:10.1093/jncics/pkac009 · Cited by 16
Comparing strategies to assess multiple behavior change in behavioral intervention studies
Drake, B. F., Quintiliani, L. M., Sapp, A. L., Li, Y., Harley, A. E., Emmons, K. M., & Sorensen, G. (2013) · Translational Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s13142-013-0195-2 · Cited by 16
“The leisure-time physical activity (PA) assessment was based on the questionnaire used in the Nurses’ Health Study [22], adapting items to specific activities that were found to be more common among the intended population (e.g., omitting tennis and adding dance).”
MethodQi, Q., Forman, J. P., Jensen, M. K., Flint, A., Curhan, G. C., Rimm, E. B., Hu, F. B., & Qi, L. (2012) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db12-0225 · Cited by 16
Racial Variation in Depression Risk Factors and Symptom Trajectories among Older Women
Chang, S., Wang, W., Pan, A., Jones, R. N., Kawachi, I. I., & Okereke, O. I. (2016) · American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jagp.2016.07.008 · Cited by 16
“NHS questionnaires were administered every 2 years; participants reported on depressive symptoms, antidepressant use, or physician/clinician-diagnosed depression within these time windows.”
BackgroundInfluentialPhysical activity before pregnancy and the risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
Arvizu, M., Mínguez‐Alarcón, L., Stuart, J. J., Mitsunami, M., ROSNER, B. A., Rich-Edwards, J. W., & Chavarro, J. E. (2021) · American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM · doi:10.1016/j.ajogmf.2021.100556 · Cited by 17
Self-citationHaslam, D. E., Chasman, D. I., Peloso, G. M., Herman, M. A., Dupuis, J., Lichtenstein, A. H., Smith, C. E., Ridker, P. M., Jacques, P. F., Mora, S., et al. (2022) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/nxac166 · Cited by 15
Huberty, S., Freystaetter, G., Wieczorek, M., Dawson‐Hughes, B., Kanis, J. А., Rizzoli, R., Kressig, R. W., Vellas, B. J., da Silva, J. A. P., Armbrecht, G., et al. (2023) · Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2022.12.011 · Cited by 17
Wang, S., Farland, L. V., Gaskins, A. J., Mortazavi, J., Wang, Y., Tamimi, R. M., Rich-Edwards, J. W., Zhang, D., Terry, K. L., Chavarro, J. E., et al. (2023) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2023.03.030 · Cited by 18
Mousavi, S. M., Gu, X., Imamura, F., AlEssa, H. B., Devinsky, O., Sun, Q., Hu, F. B., Manson, J. E., Rimm, E. B., Forouhi, N. G., et al. (2025) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj-2024-082121 · Cited by 17
“Using the ROBINS-E (Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies - of Exposure) tool for assessment, 38% of the studies were judged as being at high risk of bias, mainly owing to the lack of adjustment for primary confounders (see supplementary tables 25 and 26).”
Self-citationQuezada-Sanchez, A. D., Macías, N., Salmerón, J., Swigart, T., & Gallegos-Carrillo, K. (2017) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-017-0612-x · Cited by 15
“PA level among participants was measured through a self-administered questionnaire that has been used in similar follow-up studies [28].”
MethodDhana, A. V., Yen, H., Li, T., Holmes, M. D., Qureshi, A. A., & Cho, E. (2018) · Cancer Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.canep.2018.06.006 · Cited by 16
Maxner, B., McGoldrick, J., Bellavance, D. R., et al. (2020) · BMC Gastroenterology · doi:10.1186/s12876-020-01374-0 · Cited by 15
Factors affecting bone mineral density in men
Atalar, E., Aydın, G., Keleş, I., İnal, E., Zöğ, G., Arslan, A., & Orkun, S. (2008) · Rheumatology International · doi:10.1007/s00296-008-0768-4 · Cited by 15
“In questioning about physical activities, The Nurses’ Health Study II Activity and Inactivity Questionnaire was used [13, 14 ].”
InfluentialEisenberg, M. E., Larson, N., Berge, J. M., Thul, C. M., & Neumark‐Sztainer, D. (2014) · Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities · doi:10.1007/s40615-014-0040-4 · Cited by 17
“78), adapted from an existing reliable measure of adult sedentary activity [40].”
BackgroundMcNeill, L. H., Stoddard, A., Bennett, G. G., Wolin, K. Y., & Sorensen, G. (2012) · Cancer Causes & Control · doi:10.1007/s10552-012-0021-z · Cited by 15
Vitamin D Status and Quality of Life in Healthy Male High-Tech Employees
Tepper, S., Dabush, Y., Shahar, D. R., Endevelt, R., Geva, D., & Ish‐Shalom, S. (2016) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu8060366 · Cited by 14
“Physical activity—A questionnaire adapted for use in the current study was used to calculate physical activity [31,32].”
MethodJung, S., Smith‐Warner, S. A., Willett, W. C., Wang, M., Wu, T., Jensen, M. K., Hankinson, S. E., & Eliassen, A. H. (2016) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu8090587 · Cited by 16
“Finally, though the generalizability of our results could be limited because our study population is health professionals, who are more likely to be well-nourished, the self-reported data from these individuals are known to be highly accurate [79,80] ensuring the validity of the results.”
BackgroundSelf-citationGenetic Susceptibility, Change in Physical Activity, and Long-term Weight Gain
Wang, T., Huang, T., Heianza, Y., Sun, D., Zheng, Y., Ma, W., Jensen, M. K., Kang, J. H., Wiggs, J. L., Pasquale, L. R., et al. (2017) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db17-0071 · Cited by 15
Self-citationSmit, K. C., Derksen, J. W. G., Beets, G. L., Belt, E. J. T., Berbée, M., Coene, P. L. O., van Cruijsen, H., Davidis, M. A., Dekker, J. W. T., Jong, J. M. V. D.-D., et al. (2022) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers14041001 · Cited by 14
“In this light however, it is important to note that comparing PA associations of different studies poses challenges due to heterogeneity in assessment of physical activity [21,30,31].”
BackgroundPhysical Activity and Risk of Frailty in U.S. Women 60 Yr and Older
Fung, T. T., Lee, I.-M. M., Struijk, E. A., Rodríguez‐Artalejo, F., Willett, W. C., & López‐García, E. (2022) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000003046 · Cited by 15
“The validity of the physical activity questions was assessed in a sample of participants using four separate 1-wk diaries administered over the course of a year (12).”
BackgroundMethodSelf-citationPlant-Based Diets and Risk of Hip Fracture in Postmenopausal Women
Sotos‐Prieto, M., Rodríguez‐Artalejo, F., Fung, T. T., Meyer, H. E., Hu, F. B., Willett, W. C., & Bhupathiraju, S. N. (2024) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.1107 · Cited by 14
Self-citationZhou, R., Chen, H., Huang, Y., Zhong, Q., Li, F., Huang, R., Liu, H., Zheng, J., Xu, J., & Wu, X. (2023) · Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.1111/1753-0407.13387 · Cited by 13
Elias, M. F., Crichton, G. E., & Abhayaratna, W. P. (2015) · Journal of Human Hypertension · doi:10.1038/jhh.2015.17 · Cited by 14
Wolin, K. Y., Fagin, C., Ufere, N. N., Tuchman, H., & Bennett, G. G. (2010) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/1479-5868-7-73 · Cited by 14
“Nurses’ Health Study[ 19 ] and Health Professionals Follow-up Study[21]) included both Blacks and Whites in the same sample and reported the validity of the instrument separately for each.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialCross‐sectional association of physical activity and periodontal antibodies
Anderson, A. P., Park, Y., Shrestha, D., Zhang, J., Liu, J., & Merchant, A. T. (2018) · Journal of Periodontology · doi:10.1002/jper.17-0709 · Cited by 14
Kim, E. S., James, P., Zevon, E. S., Trudel‐Fitzgerald, C., Kubzansky, L. D., & Grodstein, F. (2019) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwz224 · Cited by 16
Shadick, N. A., Katz, P., Iannaccone, C. K., Maica, G. L., Coblyn, J. S., Weinblatt, M. E., & Cui, J. (2019) · ACR Open Rheumatology · doi:10.1002/acr2.11088 · Cited by 16
“Physical activity was measured with the Nurse’s Health Study II physical activity scale, which is a self-reported scale assessing the frequency, duration, and intensity of physical activity in a variety of different modes of exercise in the preceding week (21).”
MethodBody Mass Index and Weight Loss in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer in CALGB (Alliance)/SWOG 80405
Guercio, B. J., Zhang, S., Venook, A. P., Ou, F., Niedzwiecki, D., Lenz, H., Innocenti, F., Mullen, B. C., O’Neil, B. H., Shaw, J. E., et al. (2020) · JNCI Cancer Spectrum · doi:10.1093/jncics/pkaa024 · Cited by 15
Diorio, C., Brisson, J., Bérubé, S., & Pollak, M. (2008) · Breast Cancer Research · doi:10.1186/bcr2093 · Cited by 14
“The levels of physical activity in metabolic equivalent-hours per week were assessed using the validated and reproducible Nurses' Health Study II Activity and Inactivity Questionnaire [18].”
MethodGender Differences In Adherence To Mediterranean Diet And Risk Of Atrial Fibrillation.
Mattioli, A. V., Pennella, S., Pedrazzi, P., & Farinetti, A. (2015) · Journal of Hypertension and Cardiology · doi:10.14302/issn.2329-9487.jhc-13-210 · Cited by 14
Gut microbiome structure and function in asymptomatic diverticulosis
Hua, X., McGoldrick, J., Nakrour, N., Staller, K. D., Chung, D. C., Xavier, R. J., & Khalili, H. (2024) · Genome Medicine · doi:10.1186/s13073-024-01374-9 · Cited by 13
“Physical activity was assessed by asking individual’s average time spent per week on various recreational activities using a previously validated questionnaire [28].”
MethodFassier, P., Kang, J. H., Lee, I.-M. M., Grodstein, F., & Vercambre, M. (2021) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glab169 · Cited by 15
Beason, T. S., & Colditz, G. A. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-2403-1_4 · Cited by 13
Self-citationYang, J., Zhang, C., Chavarro, J. E., Rich-Edwards, J. W., Wang, M., Fawzi, W. W., Manson, J. E., Lee, I.-M. M., Hu, F. B., & Tobias, D. K. (2021) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc21-1692 · Cited by 16
Self-citationRossato, S. L., Khandpur, N., Lo, C., Castro, S. M. D. J., Drouin‐Chartier, J., Sampson, L., Yuan, C., Murta‐Nascimento, C., Carvalhães, M. A. D. B. L., Monteiro, C. A., et al. (2023) · Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · doi:10.1016/j.jand.2023.03.011 · Cited by 13
Self-citationSmoking and Barrett’s Esophagus in Women Who Undergo Upper Endoscopy
Jacobson, B. C., Giovannucci, E. L., & Fuchs, C. S. (2011) · Digestive Diseases and Sciences · doi:10.1007/s10620-011-1672-4 · Cited by 13
“Cigarette use, caloric intake, alcohol use, physical activity, menopausal status, and GERD symptoms in this cohort have been validated previously.(44-50)”
Insulin Resistance and Risk of Incident Hypertension Among Men
Lai, T., Curhan, G. C., & Forman, J. P. (2009) · Journal of Clinical Hypertension · doi:10.1111/j.1751-7176.2009.00160.x · Cited by 13
Moran, S. A. H., Denova‐Gutiérrez, E., Morán, S., Duque, X., Gallegos-Carrillo, K., Macías, N., & Salmerón, J. (2014) · Annals of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/s1665-2681(19)30984-6 · Cited by 13
Gender Differences in Lifestyle: Results of a Survey among Indian School-going Adolescents
Singh, A. P., & Misra, G. (2016) · Social Change · doi:10.1177/0049085716654816 · Cited by 15
Quinn, T., Frits, M. L., von Heideken, J., Iannaccone, C. K., Shadick, N. A., Weinblatt, M. E., & Iversen, M. D. (2017) · BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · doi:10.1186/s12891-017-1589-y · Cited by 13
“The International Physical Activity Questionnaire [11], Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System [12], Physical Activity Recall [13] and the Nurses’ Health Study Physical Activity Questionnaire II (NHSPAQ) [14, 15] are designed to describe PA behaviors, whereas the Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale [16] is…”
MethodResultInfluentialDevelopment and Testing of an Integrated Score for Physical Behaviors
Keadle, S. K., Kravitz, E. S., Matthews, C. E., Tseng, M., & Carroll, R. J. (2019) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000001955 · Cited by 12
Perception of parents' physical activity as a positive model on physical activity of adolescents
Sánchez-Zamorano, L. M., Solano-González, M., Macías, N., et al. (2019) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105797 · Cited by 13
Metadata
- Authors
- WOLF, A. M., HUNTER, D. J., COLDITZ, G. A., MANSON, J. E., STAMPFER, M. J., CORSANO, K. A., ROSNER, B., KRISKA, A., & WILLETT, W. C.
- Affiliations
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Venue
- International Journal of Epidemiology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1994
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 991-999
- ISSN
- 0300-5771 (ISSN-L)
- 1464-3685
- OpenAlex
- W2158187071
- Cited by
- 1,038
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 52 · 2021: 53 · 2020: 49 · 2019: 57 · 2018: 57 · 2017: 55 · 2016: 67 · 2015: 54 · 2014: 50 · 2013: 40 · 2012: 50
- FWCI
- 3.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Cancer Institute (CA-55075, CA50385, R01CA050385)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods in Epidemiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Keywords
- physical activity questionnaire, reproducibility, validity, test-retest reliability, physical inactivity, activity diaries, Nurses' Health Study II, African American women, self-reported physical activity
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Epidemiologic Methods, Female, Humans, Surveys and Questionnaires, Random Allocation, Reproducibility of Results, Exercise
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
