Cited by 1,275Physical Activity and HealthObesity, Physical Activity, DietRecreational Sport and Physical Activity

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Physical activity change during adolescence: a systematic review and a pooled analysis

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Dumith, S. C., Gigante, D. P., Domingues, M. R., Kohl, H. W.·2011·International Journal of Epidemiology

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: It is presumed that physical activity (PA) level declines during the lifespan, particularly in adolescence. However, currently, there is no study that quantifies these changes and pools results for a common interpretation. Therefore, the purpose was to systematically review the international literature regarding PA change during adolescence, and to quantify that change according to a series of study variables, exploring gender-and-age differences. METHODS: An electronic search was conducted in the Medline/PubMed and Web of Science databases. Longitudinal studies with, at least, two PA measures throughout adolescence (10-19 years old) or the first PA measure during childhood and the second one during adolescence were selected. From each article, study project name, country, year of the first data collection, sample size, baseline age, follow-up duration, characteristics of the instrument (type, recall time, PA intensity and PA domain), unit of PA measure and report of statistical significance were collected. RESULTS: Overall, 26 studies matched the inclusion criteria. Most were carried out in the USA, assessed PA by questionnaire, and found a decline in PA levels during the adolescence. On average, the mean percentage PA change per year, across all studies, was -7.0 (95% confidence interval: -8.8 to -5.2), ranging from -18.8 to 7.8. The decline was significant according to most sub-groups of variables analysed. Although earlier studies revealed a higher PA decline in boys, the decline has been greater in girls in more recent studies (commenced after 1997). Moreover, although the decline among girls was higher in younger ages at baseline (9-12 years), it was higher in older ages (13-16 years) among boys. CONCLUSIONS: The decline of PA during adolescence is a consistent finding in the literature. Differences between boys and girls were observed and should be explored in future studies. Interventions that attempt to attenuate the PA decline, even without an increase in PA levels, could be considered as effective.

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“Recent epidemiological studies utilising valid measures of PA have demonstrated stronger associations between PA and health benefits than have been observed previously [3] [4].”
Background
Sudden decrease in physical activity evokes adipocyte hyperplasia in 70- to 77-day-old rats but not 49- to 56-day-old rats
Roberts, M. D., Toedebusch, R. G., Cruthirds, C. L., & Booth, F. W. (2013) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00139.2013 · Cited by 11
Valoración de la escuela y la Educación Física y su relación con la práctica de actividad física de los escolares (Assesment about school and Physical Education and its relation with the physical activity of school)
Villarino, M. F., Valeiro, M. G., Reboredo, B. T., & da Costa, F. C. (2017) · Retos · doi:10.47197/retos.v0i31.53508 · Cited by 17
An Initiative to Facilitate Park Usage, Discovery, and Physical Activity Among Children and Adolescents in Greenville County, South Carolina, 2014
Fair, M., Kaczynski, A. T., Hughey, S. M., Besenyi, G. M., & Powers, A. R. (2017) · Preventing Chronic Disease · doi:10.5888/pcd14.160043 · Cited by 11
Food intake and appetite following school-based high-intensity interval training in 9–11-year-old children
Morris, A. C., Cramb, R., & Dodd-Reynolds, C. J. (2017) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2017.1302599 · Cited by 11
Intervention Effects on Stage of Change Membership and Transitions among Adolescent Energy Balance Behaviors
Brick, L. A. D., Redding, C. A., Paiva, A. L., Harlow, L. L., & Velicer, W. F. (2017) · Multivariate Behavioral Research · doi:10.1080/00273171.2017.1309518 · Cited by 11
College students’ perceptions of a caring climate in group physical activity classes
Newland, A., Newton, M., Stark, A., Podlog, L. W., & Hall, M. (2017) · Biomedical Human Kinetics · doi:10.1515/bhk-2017-0015 · Cited by 11
“Research suggests a steady decline in physical activity throughout the lifespan [48] and a specific decline during adolescence [14].”
Background
EFFECTS OF HIGH INTENSITY INTERVAL TRAINING (HIIT) INTERVENTION AMONGST SCHOOL ADOLESCENTS
Muntaner‐Mas, A., & Palou, P. (2017) · Journal of Physical Education & Health - Social Perspective · doi:10.5281/zenodo.4043962 · Cited by 11
Objectively assessed vigorous physical activity and motor coordination are associated in 11‐year old children
Blomqvist, M., Mononen, K., Tolvanen, A. J., & Konttinen, N. (2019) · Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports · doi:10.1111/sms.13500 · Cited by 12
Changes in sleep and activity from age 15 to 17 in students with traditional and college-style school schedules
Stefansdottir, R. S., Rögnvaldsdóttir, V., Gestsdóttir, S., Guðmundsdóttir, S. L., Chen, K. Y., Brychta, R. J., & Jóhannsson, E. (2020) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2020.04.009 · Cited by 12
Physical activity for adolescents with severe mental illness: a systematic scoping review
Anthony, J., Kinnafick, F., Papathomas, A., & Breen, K. C. (2020) · International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1750984x.2020.1833360 · Cited by 13
“PA levels have been shown to decline during adolescence, thus, in addition to the barriers presented by SMI, there may be developmental factors unique to adolescence which need to be addressed in PA interventions (Dumith et al., 2011).”
Background
Gender differences in barriers to participation in after‐school physical activities and related factors in Australian schoolchildren: A cross‐sectional study
Lazarowicz, A., O’Hara, R. L., Broder, J. C., Grunberg, D., & Gašević, D. (2020) · Health Promotion Journal of Australia · doi:10.1002/hpja.441 · Cited by 11
Influence of weather conditions on children’s school travel mode and physical activity in 3 diverse regions of Canada
Blanchette, S., Larouche, R., Tremblay, M. S., Faulkner, G., Riazi, N. A., & Trudeau, F. (2020) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/apnm-2020-0277 · Cited by 11
Physical Activity Recommendations in the Context of New Calls for Change in Physical Education
Frömel, K., Vašíčková, J., Skalik, K., Svozil, Z., Groffik, D., & Mitáš, J. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18031177 · Cited by 11
“There has been a long-term downward trend in physical activity (PA) of adolescents [1,2], as well as an increase in sedentary behavior [3–5], overweight and obesity [6,7], insufficient cardiorespiratory fitness [8], and negative trends in mental health [9], including other undesirable effects on adolescents’ health.”
Background
Influence of Physical Self-Concept and Motivational Processes on Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity of Adolescents
Alonso, J. L. N., León, J., Valenzuela, A. V., Conte, L., Murcia, J. A. M., & Huéscar, E. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.685612 · Cited by 11
Effects of a Physical Activity Program Potentiated with ICTs on the Formation and Dissolution of Friendship Networks of Children in a Middle-Income Country
Guerra, A. M., Montes, F., Useche, A. F., Jaramillo, A. M., González, S. A., Meisel, J. D., Obando, C., Cardozo, V., Hunter, R. F., & Sarmiento, O. L. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17165796 · Cited by 11
“Longitudinal studies have found that PA levels decrease during adolescence, and thus there is a need to understand the mechanisms of interventions that promote long-term healthy lifestyles [5,6].”
Background
Physical activity and depressive symptoms among adolescents in a school-based sample
Velazquez, B., Petresco, S., Pereira, R. B., Buchweitz, C., Manfro, P. H., Caye, A., Fisher, H. L., Kohrt, B. A., Mondelli, V., & Kieling, C. (2022) · Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1590/1516-4446-2021-2235 · Cited by 12
Adolescence is characterized by more sedentary behaviour and less physical activity even among highly active forager-farmers
Caldwell, A. E., Cummings, D. K., Hooper, P. L., Trumble, B. C., Gurven, M., Stieglitz, J., Davis, H. E., & Kaplan, H. S. (2023) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2023.1764 · Cited by 12
“…is complicated by the fact that subsistence lifestyles require high levels of PA. Direct comparisons between our data and the existing literature are difficult, as most studies use self-report PA [9], or a different measure of biological age or metric for device-measured PA by Tanner stage [14,21].”
BackgroundMethod
Longitudinal development and tracking of cardiorespiratory fitness from childhood to adolescence
Ingvarsdóttir, Þ., Jóhannsson, E., Rögnvaldsdóttir, V., Stefansdottir, R. S., & Arnardóttir, N. Ý. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0299941 · Cited by 10
Sports participation in childhood and adolescence and physical activity intensity in adulthood
Batista, M. B., de Freitas, M. C. M., Romanzini, C. L. P., Barbosa, C. C. L., Shigaki, G. B., Fernandes, R. A., Romanzini, M., & Ronque, Ê. R. V. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0299604 · Cited by 10
Participation in physical activity and sport in adolescent girls from Middle Eastern backgrounds
Dennaoui, N., Kolt, G. S., Guagliano, J. M., & George, E. S. (2024) · Ethnicity and Health · doi:10.1080/13557858.2024.2376054 · Cited by 10
“Despite these bene ﬁ ts, adolescence is a pivotal time when PA levels decrease and sedentary behaviours increase, a trend that is more pronounced in girls than in boys (Dumith et al. 2011).”
Active travel, public transport and the built environment in youth: Interactions with perceived safety, distance to school, age and gender
Loh, V. H. Y., Sahlqvist, S., Veitch, J., Walsh, A., Cerin, E., Salmon, J., Mavoa, S., & Timperio, A. F. (2024) · Journal of Transport & Health · doi:10.1016/j.jth.2024.101895 · Cited by 15
“A steep decline in the amount of regular physical activity performed is observed during the transition to young adulthood (Dumith et al., 2011; Larouche et al., 2012).”
Factors that influence participation in physical activity for anxiety or depression: a synthesis of qualitative evidence
McCartan, C. J., Yap, J., Firth, J., Stubbs, B., Tully, M. A., Best, P., Webb, P., White, C., Gilbody, S. M., Churchill, R. C., et al. (2020) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd013547 · Cited by 12
Daily physical activity patterns in children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease
Vanhelst, J., Béghin, L., Turck, D., Labreuche, J., Coopman, S., Gottrand, F., & Ley, D. (2021) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1038/s41390-020-01313-5 · Cited by 10
Correlates of Social Competences among Polish Adolescents: Physical Activity, Self-Esteem, Participation in Sports and Screen Time
Koszałka-Silska, A., Korcz, A., & Wiza, A. (2021) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su132413845 · Cited by 12
“As such, there are concerns about young people who do not meet PA guidelines of 60 min (1 h) or more a day [39,40].”
Background
Investigating the influence of physical activity composition on arterial stiffness in youth
Marshall, Z. A., Mackintosh, K. A., & McNarry, M. A. (2022) · European Journal of Sport Science · doi:10.1080/17461391.2022.2039304 · Cited by 10
Feasibility and Utility of a Fitbit Tracker Among Ambulatory Children and Youth With Disabilities
Bremer, E., Arbour‐Nicitopoulos, K. P., Tsui, B., Ginis, K. A. M., Moore, S. A., Best, K. L., & Voss, C. (2023) · Pediatric Exercise Science · doi:10.1123/pes.2022-0121 · Cited by 11
“These gender (10,11,21), age (11,13,36), and disability group (8,19,34) effects are all consistent with known trends in physical activity, thus pointing to the utility of the Fitbit to differentiate these group effects.”
Background
Sources and Types of Social Support for Physical Activity Perceived by Fifth to Eighth Grade Girls
Robbins, L. B., Ling, J., Dalimonte‐Merckling, D. M., Sharma, D. B., Bakhoya, M., & Pfeiffer, K. A. (2017) · Journal of Nursing Scholarship · doi:10.1111/jnu.12369 · Cited by 10
“To understand reasons for the decline in PA among girls as age increases (Dumith et al., 2011), researchers have also examined psychosocial factors, such as social support (Laird, Fawkner, Kelly, McNamee, & Niven, 2016).”
Background
Associations of Accumulated Time in Bouts of Sedentary Behavior and Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity With Cardiometabolic Health in 10- to 13-Year-Old Boys
Lätt, E., Mäestu, J., & Jürimäe, J. (2018) · Journal of Physical Activity and Health · doi:10.1123/jpah.2017-0605 · Cited by 10
CHARACTERISTICS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AMONG HEALTHY SERBIAN ADOLESCENTS
Nikolić, M., Jovanović, R., & Stanković, A. (2020) · Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte · doi:10.1590/1517-869220202601187598 · Cited by 10
Changes in Lifestyle Habits among Adolescent Girls after FitSpirit Participation
Paiement, K., Drapeau, V., Gilbert, J., Lemoyne, J., Moreau, N., Monthuy‐Blanc, J., Tremblay, J., Marcil, V., & Mathieu, M.-E. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17124388 · Cited by 10
Flourishing or physical activity?: Identifying temporal precedence in supporting the transition to university
O’Rourke, R. H., Doré, I., Sylvester, B. D., & Sabiston, C. M. (2021) · Journal of American College Health · doi:10.1080/07448481.2021.1879815 · Cited by 11
“Sex was included as a covariate to control for known differences in PA behavior due to sex.(29) The analyses were conducted in Mplus (Version 7.”
Method
Promoting physical activity through text messages: the impact of attitude and goal priority messages
Quinton, T. S., Morris, B., Barwood, M. J., & Conner, M. T. (2021) · Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1080/21642850.2021.1891073 · Cited by 10
A School-Level Examination of the Association between Programs and Policies and Physical Activity Outcomes among Females from the COMPASS Study
Burns, K. E., Vermeer, J., Battista, K., & Leatherdale, S. T. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18063314 · Cited by 10
Taekwondo training improves CVD risk factors in obese male adolescents
Chul, H., Lee, S., Jung, H. C., Seo, M.-W., Kim, H.-B., & Song, J.-K. (2016) · Archives of Budo · Cited by 10
Nivel de actividad física en adolescentes de un distrito de la región Callao
Morales, J., Áñez, R., & Oré, C. A. S. (2016) · Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Pública · doi:10.17843/rpmesp.2016.333.2312 · Cited by 10
Comprehensive School Physical Activity Programs in Middle Schools
Beddoes, Z., & Castelli, D. M. (2017) · Journal of Physical Education Recreation & Dance · doi:10.1080/07303084.2017.1330165 · Cited by 10
“when tweens and teens demonstrate a decline in physical activity (Dumith et al., 2011).”
Background
The relationship of gross upper and lower limb motor competence to measures of health and fitness in adolescents aged 13–14 years
Weedon, B. D., Liu, F., Mahmoud, W. J., Metz, R., Beunder, K., Delextrat, A. A., Morris, M. G., Esser, P., Collett, J., Meaney, A., et al. (2018) · BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine · doi:10.1136/bmjsem-2017-000288 · Cited by 10
Effects of Pubertal Timing and Pubertal Tempo on Social Physique Anxiety, Self-determined Motivation, and Exercise in Early Adolescent Girls
Sicilia, Á., Alcaraz‐Ibáñez, M., Paterna, A., Gallardo, L. O., & Martín-Albó, J. (2023) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.01.025 · Cited by 10
Sex differences in high-risk health behaviors among school-going adolescents in Yazd, Iran; a cross-sectional study
Vakili, M., Mirzadeh, M., Mirzaei, M., Modarresi, M., Raei, R., Karimi, R., Aghakoochak, A., & Imani, A. (2023) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16404 · Cited by 9
“In this study, girls were less physically active than boys, which is consistent with the results of such studies [46,47].”
Result
What Matters for Students’ Learning? The Roles of Social and Emotional Skills and the Factors Affecting These Skills
Huang, Z., Zhang, J., & Yuan, Z. (2024) · ECNU Review of Education · doi:10.1177/20965311241227453 · Cited by 14
Lost in research translation: Female athletes are not male athletes, especially at the hip
Lewis, C. L., & Shefelbine, S. J. (2024) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research® · doi:10.1002/jor.25860 · Cited by 9
Development and evaluation of the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation to deliver Physical Activity in School Scale (COM-PASS)
Verdonschot, A., Beauchamp, M. R., Brusseau, T. A., Chinapaw, M. J. M., Christiansen, L. B., Daly-Smith, A., Eather, N., Fairclough, S. J., Faulkner, G., Foweather, L., et al. (2024) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-024-01640-4 · Cited by 11
“Sport is NOT a luxury.” The perceived impact of the cost-of-living crisis on sport and physical activity opportunities for children and adolescents in Northern Ireland (NI): A cross-sectional survey
O’Kane, S. M., McCafferty, R., Gallagher, A. M., MURPHY, M. H., Fitzpatrick, C., & Carlin, A. (2025) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-025-22180-x · Cited by 12

Authors: Dumith, S. C., Gigante, D. P., Domingues, M. R., & Kohl, H. W.
Affiliations: Universidade Federal de Pelotas (BR)
Corresponding author: Dumith, S. C.
ORCID: Dumith, S. C.
Gigante, D. P.
Domingues, M. R.
Kohl, H. W.
Venue: International Journal of Epidemiology
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2011-01-18
Volume: 40
Issue: 3
Pages: 685-698
ISSN: 0300-5771 (ISSN-L)
1464-3685
DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyq272
OpenAlex: W2130834134
Cited by: 1,275
References: 56
Citations by year: 2026: 50 · 2025: 62 · 2024: 67 · 2023: 62 · 2022: 82 · 2021: 134 · 2020: 178 · 2019: 120 · 2018: 101 · 2017: 102 · 2016: 95 · 2015: 91 · 2014: 49 · 2013: 45 · 2012: 30
FWCI: 4.45
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
repositorio.furg.br
Licence: other-oa
Locations: International Journal of Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Americanae (AECID Library) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
Social Sciences › Life-span and Life-course Studies › Recreational Sport and Physical Activity
Keywords: physical activity, adolescence, physical activity decline, gender differences, age differences, transition to adolescence, pooled analysis, physical activity measurement
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Age Factors, Brazil, Child, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Motor Activity, Physical Education and Training, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Sports, Exercise, Needs Assessment

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Physical activity change during adolescence: a systematic review and a pooled analysis

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