Cited by 1,275Physical Activity and HealthObesity, Physical Activity, DietRecreational Sport and Physical Activity

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Physical activity change during adolescence: a systematic review and a pooled analysis

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Dumith, S. C., Gigante, D. P., Domingues, M. R., Kohl, H. W.·2011·International Journal of Epidemiology

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: It is presumed that physical activity (PA) level declines during the lifespan, particularly in adolescence. However, currently, there is no study that quantifies these changes and pools results for a common interpretation. Therefore, the purpose was to systematically review the international literature regarding PA change during adolescence, and to quantify that change according to a series of study variables, exploring gender-and-age differences. METHODS: An electronic search was conducted in the Medline/PubMed and Web of Science databases. Longitudinal studies with, at least, two PA measures throughout adolescence (10-19 years old) or the first PA measure during childhood and the second one during adolescence were selected. From each article, study project name, country, year of the first data collection, sample size, baseline age, follow-up duration, characteristics of the instrument (type, recall time, PA intensity and PA domain), unit of PA measure and report of statistical significance were collected. RESULTS: Overall, 26 studies matched the inclusion criteria. Most were carried out in the USA, assessed PA by questionnaire, and found a decline in PA levels during the adolescence. On average, the mean percentage PA change per year, across all studies, was -7.0 (95% confidence interval: -8.8 to -5.2), ranging from -18.8 to 7.8. The decline was significant according to most sub-groups of variables analysed. Although earlier studies revealed a higher PA decline in boys, the decline has been greater in girls in more recent studies (commenced after 1997). Moreover, although the decline among girls was higher in younger ages at baseline (9-12 years), it was higher in older ages (13-16 years) among boys. CONCLUSIONS: The decline of PA during adolescence is a consistent finding in the literature. Differences between boys and girls were observed and should be explored in future studies. Interventions that attempt to attenuate the PA decline, even without an increase in PA levels, could be considered as effective.

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Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between sleep, sedentary behaviour and physical activity with adiposity and cardio-respiratory fitness in school-aged children: a compositional data analysis
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“…on preserving activity levels in children to mitigate detrimental changes to health that may be associated with noted decreases in MVPA due to temporal events (such as during week-ends [30] and school holidays [57]), and more persistent changes that accompany aging into adolescence [58, 59].”
Types and Frequencies of Physical Activity Associated with Physical Fitness in Chinese Children and Adolescents: A National Cross-Sectional Study
Wei, L., Li, Z., & Sun, Y. L. (2025) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare13192400 · Cited by 4
“As children progress through the education system, increasing academic pressure and screen time may reduce physical activity levels, contributing to a decline in fitness with age [28].”
Non-linear effect of physical activity intervention on blood pressure in children and adolescents: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis
Yuan, H., Shao, W., Ren, Y., Jiang, M., Kong, J., & Jing, F. (2025) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-025-24640-w · Cited by 4
Longitudinal Associations between Weight Self-Stigma, Physical Exercise, and Social Anxiety among Adolescents: Between-and Within‐Person Effects
Wang, K., & Fen, Q. (2025) · Psychiatric Quarterly · doi:10.1007/s11126-025-10219-6 · Cited by 4
Cross-sectional associations between physical activity and sarcopenia at different life stages: evidence from CHARLS
Huang, Y., Wang, Q., Wang, G., Ding, M. C., You, Y., Li, F., Wang, T., & Yan, Y. (2026) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-025-06938-x · Cited by 4
Does time of the day matter? Temporal associations between physical activity and quality and quantity of subsequent sleep in adolescents
Jurić, P., Karuc, J., Martinko, A., Mišigoj‐Duraković, M., & Sorić, M. (2022) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2022.02.020 · Cited by 4
Exploring Adolescent Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity in China: Mediating Roles of School Climate, Perceived Barriers, and Physical Education Satisfaction
Li, Q., Li, L., He, X., & Wang, H. (2024) · Risk Management and Healthcare Policy · doi:10.2147/rmhp.s497472 · Cited by 4
Determinants of physical activity among female students based on the transtheoretical model
Abdoli, M., Tapak, L., Amini, P., Geravandi, A., Moeini, B., Hamidi, O., & Afshari, M. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-83055-6 · Cited by 4
Feasibility, Acceptability, and Effectiveness of Physically Active Lessons in Secondary Education: ACTIVE CLASS Pilot Study
Hermosa, A. R., Sánchez‐Oliva, D., Grao‐Cruces, A., Medrano, M., González-Pérez, M., Martín‐Acosta, F., & Camiletti‐Moirón, D. (2025) · Translational Journal of the American College of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1249/tjx.0000000000000290 · Cited by 9
Culturally and Geographically Relevant Content in Secondary Physical Education: Lessons from the Greenbrier CHOICES Project
Braga, L., & Elliott, E. M. (2018) · Journal of Physical Education Recreation & Dance · doi:10.1080/07303084.2018.1430630 · Cited by 4
Comparison of physical activity and skinfold thickness of students living in rural and city center
Yurdakul, H. Ö., & Baydemir, B. (2020) · Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports · doi:10.15561/26649837.2020.0508 · Cited by 4
“This perspective is mostly reinforced by cross-sectional studies conducted by US samples [3].”
Background
Translation and validation of an extended German-language version of the Perceived Locus of Causality Questionnaire (PLOCQ-G) in a sample of physical education students
Wolf, J., Kleinert, J., Pels, F., & Vogelsang, A. (2021) · German Journal of Exercise and Sport Research · doi:10.1007/s12662-021-00789-5 · Cited by 6
Impact of Seated Movement Incorporation on Middle School Classroom Physical Activity Levels and Academic Engagement
Spring, K. E., Chen, C., Powell, M. B., Smith, J. W., Stratton, K. K., Wadsworth, D. D., & Holmes, M. E. (2022) · Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport · doi:10.1080/02701367.2022.2100308 · Cited by 4
“Additionally, the transition from elementary to middle school is challenging in many regards, including declines in physical activity levels, (Dumith et al., 2011) as well as academic achievement (Ryan et al., 2013).”
Background
Analysis of the Lifestyle and Psychological Well-being of Adolescents: Age-related Differences
Boraita, R. J., Torres, J. M. D., Ibort, E. G., & Alsina, D. A. (2022) · Child Indicators Research · doi:10.1007/s12187-022-09977-7 · Cited by 8
“Likewise, the time spent engaged in PA engagement seems to drop by an average of 7% a year throughout adolescence, with intensity also being shown to decrease (Dumith et al., 2011; Farooq et al., 2020).”
Background
Reference Values for Daily Physical Activity Measured with Accelerometers in a Danish Background Population between 18 and 80 Years of Age
Schrøder, C. K., Tønning, L., Tjur, M., Kristensen, P. K., & Mechlenburg, I. (2023) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app13031443 · Cited by 4
Psychometric property and measurement invariance of perceived benefits and barriers of physical activity in Chinese adolescents
Dai, J., Chen, H., & Sun, H. (2024) · Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness · doi:10.1016/j.jesf.2024.05.002 · Cited by 4
“3,4 Thus, it is especially important to design strategies targeting adolescents in order to increase their level of PA.”
Background
Predictive Utility of the Multi-Process Action Control Framework for Self-Reported and Device-Measured Physical Activity Behavior of Adolescents
Brown, D. M. Y., Porter, C. D., Huong, C., Groves, C. I., & KWAN, M. Y. W. (2024) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs14090841 · Cited by 4
“Population-level data indicate that physical activity engagement peaks in early adolescence but declines across adolescence before stabilizing at inadequate levels in adulthood [5,6].”
Background
The Association between Movement Behaviors and Mental Health Issues in Adolescents with Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Dastamooz, S., Ho, R., Arbour‐Nicitopoulos, K. P., Wong, S. H., & Sit, C. H. P. (2024) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000003628 · Cited by 4
Association between physical activity and physical health in German children and adolescents - results from the MoMo Longitudinal Study
Kolb, S., Burchartz, A., Klos, L., Jekauc, D., Niessner, C., & Wöll, A. (2025) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-025-21684-w · Cited by 4
The Progressive Involvement of Youth in Niche Sport: The Perspective of Youth Participants and Their Parents
Buning, R. J., Coble, C., & Kerwin, S. (2015) · Journal of Amateur Sport · doi:10.17161/jas.v1i1.4921 · Cited by 6
“However, as youth become increasingly less physically active and are more engaged in sedentary activities rather than sport (Berger et al., 2008; Dumith et al., 2011), the traditional understanding of youth sport progression needs to be explored in alternative sport development environments.”
Background
The Importance of Pedestrian Network Connectivity for Adolescent Health: A Cross-sectional Examination of Associations between Neighbourhood Built Environments and Metabolic Health in the Pacific Islands Families Birth Cohort Study
Smith, M., Obolonkin, V., Plank, L. D., Iusitini, L., Forsyth, E., Stewart, T. I., Paterson, J. E., Tautolo, E., Savila, F., & Rush, E. C. (2019) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph16183375 · Cited by 6
PES PLANUS & GENU VALGUM; FACTORS ASSOCIATED
Khalid, Z., Rai, M. A., Mobeen, B., & Amjad, I. (2015) · The Professional Medical Journal · doi:10.17957/tpmj/15.3008 · Cited by 4
Remote Acculturation and Physical Activity Among Adolescent-Mother Dyads in Jamaica: A Developmental Dyadic Moderation
Gillespie, S., Eales, L., Simpson, D. D., & Ferguson, G. M. (2022) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/00220221221101172 · Cited by 4
“It is particularly important to understand influences on physical activity during adolescence, given a well-documented decline in physical activity levels during this stage of development (Dumith et al., 2011), which coincides with pubertal changes and shifting motivations for physical activity (Labbrozzi et al.”
Background
Identifying Risk Profiles for Nonadherence to the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth 6 Months Into the COVID-19 Pandemic
Guerrero, M., Moore, S. A., Faulkner, G., Roberts, K. C., Mitra, R., Vanderloo, L. M., Rhodes, R. E., & Tremblay, M. S. (2023) · Pediatric Exercise Science · doi:10.1123/pes.2021-0186 · Cited by 4
The Longitudinal Mediating Effect of Smartphone Dependency on the Relationship between Exercise Time and Subjective Happiness in Adolescents
Kim, I., & Ahn, H.-Y. (2023) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare11222997 · Cited by 5
“It has been reported that physical activity during adolescence is decreasing annually by an average of 7% across countries [11].”
Background
Changes in physical activity and weight status of Chinese children: A retrospective longitudinal study
Deng, P., Ichinoseki‐Sekine, N., Zhou, L., & Naıto, H. (2016) · The Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine · doi:10.7600/jpfsm.5.247 · Cited by 4
Kids and Physical Activity — Who, What, Why, and How
Bushman, B. A. (2014) · ACSMʼs Health & Fitness Journal · doi:10.1249/fit.0000000000000063 · Cited by 4
“Considering this trend, some have suggested that maintaining physical activity, attenuating the decline in activity often observed, should be considered effective (5).”
Background
Agreement between the SHAPES Questionnaire and a Multiple-Sensor Monitor in Assessing Physical Activity of Adolescents Using Categorial Approach: A Cross-Sectional Study
Radman, I., Sorić, M., & Mišigoj‐Duraković, M. (2021) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s21061986 · Cited by 4
“At the same time, available studies report on the increasing trend of physical inactivity among the population of adolescents worldwide [5,6].”
Background
Leisure-time physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic in the family context
Pluta, B. (2021) · Studia Periegetica · doi:10.5604/01.3001.0015.4855 · Cited by 4
“Moreover, more than two thirds of young people in Europe may not have enough physical activity (Dumith et al., 2011; Exel et al., 2018).”
Background
How active are young cardiac device patients? Objective assessment of activity in children with cardiac devices
de la Uz, C. M., Burch, A. E., Gunderson, B. D., Koehler, J. L., & Sears, S. F. (2017) · Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology · doi:10.1111/pace.13197 · Cited by 4
Parental Perceptions of Child’s Medical Care and Neighborhood and Child’s Behavioral Risk Factors for Obesity in U.S. Children by Body Mass Index Classification
Vaccaro, J. A., Zarini, G. G., & Huffman, F. G. (2019) · Journal of Environmental and Public Health · doi:10.1155/2019/3737194 · Cited by 4
“-e physical activity level was found to decline for children from 10 to 19 years of age [26].”
Background
Exploring Children’s Physical Activity Behaviours According to Location: A Mixed-Methods Case Study
Khawaja, I., Woodfield, L., Collins, P., Benkwitz, A., & Nevill, A. M. (2019) · Sports · doi:10.3390/sports7110240 · Cited by 4
“1%), which is in contrast to previous literature [18,49,50].”
ResultInfluential
Making the right moves to prevent depression in young people
Choi, K. W., & Smoller, J. W. (2020) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(20)30050-x · Cited by 4
The trend and structure of adolescents’ weekly step count in the context of the Polish school environment
Groffik, D., Frömel, K., Vorlíček, M., & Polechoński, J. (2020) · Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.26444/aaem/126062 · Cited by 4
“To stop the decrease in PA on weekend days, it is further necessary to coordinate the objectives of school PA programmes or appropriate intervention activities [4] with the motivation for group or family PA, and with programmes provided by community leisure institutions.”
Background
Correlates of Active School Transport Immediately Before and After the Transition from Primary to Secondary School: A Pilot-Study
Larouche, R., Faulkner, G., & Tremblay, M. S. (2013) · Journal of Applied Research on Children Informing Policy for Children at Risk · doi:10.58464/2155-5834.1138 · Cited by 4
“This important transition period is associated with a large decrease in physical activity levels.(26)”
Background
A associação entre fatores psicossociais e atividade física em adolescentes é moderada por fatores sociodemográficos?
Cheng, L. A., Mendonça, G., & Júnior, J. C. D. F. (2016) · Revista Brasileira de Atividade Física & Saúde · doi:10.12820/rbafs.v.21n4p297-306 · Cited by 4
The effectiveness of secondary-school based interventions on the future physical activity of adolescents in Aotearoa New Zealand: a modelling study
Bergen, T., Richards, J. A., Kira, G., Kim, A. H. M., Signal, L. N., & Mizdrak, A. (2024) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-024-01653-z · Cited by 3
“Specifically, there is a concerning trend of PA decrease during adolescence [5, 6].”
Background
Temporal Trends in Single- and Multiple-Sports Team Participation Among Adolescents in the United States: Analysis Using the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, 1999-2019
Knell, G., Yockey, R. A., Brayton, R. P., Johnson, A. M., Ellis, H. B., & Wilson, P. L. (2024) · Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1177/23259671241279851 · Cited by 3
Prevalence of physical activity and its associated sociodemographic factors among schoolchildren in Albania
Refatllari, B., Stefa, J., Gega, M., Hyska, G., Qirjako, G., & Burazeri, G. (2025) · Healthcare in Low-resource Settings · doi:10.4081/hls.2025.13370 · Cited by 3
Perspectives From Adolescents, Parents, and Teachers on Barriers and Facilitators for European Adolescents to Cycle to and From School: A Concept Mapping Study
Hidding, L. M., Chinapaw, M. J. M., Brindley, C., Demetriou, Y., Dzielska, A., Hamřík, Z., Kleszczewska, D. W., Maráček, M., Marques, A., Peralta, M., et al. (2025) · Journal of Physical Activity and Health · doi:10.1123/jpah.2024-0508 · Cited by 5

Authors: Dumith, S. C., Gigante, D. P., Domingues, M. R., & Kohl, H. W.
Affiliations: Universidade Federal de Pelotas (BR)
Corresponding author: Dumith, S. C.
ORCID: Dumith, S. C.
Gigante, D. P.
Domingues, M. R.
Kohl, H. W.
Venue: International Journal of Epidemiology
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2011-01-18
Volume: 40
Issue: 3
Pages: 685-698
ISSN: 0300-5771 (ISSN-L)
1464-3685
DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyq272
OpenAlex: W2130834134
Cited by: 1,275
References: 56
Citations by year: 2026: 50 · 2025: 62 · 2024: 67 · 2023: 62 · 2022: 82 · 2021: 134 · 2020: 178 · 2019: 120 · 2018: 101 · 2017: 102 · 2016: 95 · 2015: 91 · 2014: 49 · 2013: 45 · 2012: 30
FWCI: 4.45
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
repositorio.furg.br
Licence: other-oa
Locations: International Journal of Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Americanae (AECID Library) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
Social Sciences › Life-span and Life-course Studies › Recreational Sport and Physical Activity
Keywords: physical activity, adolescence, physical activity decline, gender differences, age differences, transition to adolescence, pooled analysis, physical activity measurement
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Age Factors, Brazil, Child, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Motor Activity, Physical Education and Training, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Sports, Exercise, Needs Assessment

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Physical activity change during adolescence: a systematic review and a pooled analysis

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