Cited by 1,275Physical Activity and HealthObesity, Physical Activity, DietRecreational Sport and Physical Activity

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Physical activity change during adolescence: a systematic review and a pooled analysis

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Dumith, S. C., Gigante, D. P., Domingues, M. R., Kohl, H. W.·2011·International Journal of Epidemiology

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: It is presumed that physical activity (PA) level declines during the lifespan, particularly in adolescence. However, currently, there is no study that quantifies these changes and pools results for a common interpretation. Therefore, the purpose was to systematically review the international literature regarding PA change during adolescence, and to quantify that change according to a series of study variables, exploring gender-and-age differences. METHODS: An electronic search was conducted in the Medline/PubMed and Web of Science databases. Longitudinal studies with, at least, two PA measures throughout adolescence (10-19 years old) or the first PA measure during childhood and the second one during adolescence were selected. From each article, study project name, country, year of the first data collection, sample size, baseline age, follow-up duration, characteristics of the instrument (type, recall time, PA intensity and PA domain), unit of PA measure and report of statistical significance were collected. RESULTS: Overall, 26 studies matched the inclusion criteria. Most were carried out in the USA, assessed PA by questionnaire, and found a decline in PA levels during the adolescence. On average, the mean percentage PA change per year, across all studies, was -7.0 (95% confidence interval: -8.8 to -5.2), ranging from -18.8 to 7.8. The decline was significant according to most sub-groups of variables analysed. Although earlier studies revealed a higher PA decline in boys, the decline has been greater in girls in more recent studies (commenced after 1997). Moreover, although the decline among girls was higher in younger ages at baseline (9-12 years), it was higher in older ages (13-16 years) among boys. CONCLUSIONS: The decline of PA during adolescence is a consistent finding in the literature. Differences between boys and girls were observed and should be explored in future studies. Interventions that attempt to attenuate the PA decline, even without an increase in PA levels, could be considered as effective.

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“[1] Dumith SC, Gigante DP, Domingues MR, Kohl III HW.”
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Background
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González-Serrano, M. H., Gónzalez-García, R. J., Gómez-Tafalla, A., Román, I. R., García-Pascual, F., & Calabuig, F. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph192114160 · Cited by 5
“These data show how decreases in physical activity occur during the adolescence stage [7] and continue later, in adulthood [8].”
Background
The correlation of intake phytate and tannin on serum transferrin receptor and hemoglobin in stunted overweight adolescents
Mani, L. S., Fatimah-Muis, S., & Kartini, A. (2019) · Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences · doi:10.5219/1191 · Cited by 7
“Habits of physical activity in adolescents have decreased by an average of 7% per year (Dumith et al., 2011).”
Background
Longitudinal changes in body composition and waist circumference by self-reported levels of physical activity in leisure among adolescents: the Tromsø study, Fit Futures
Aars, N. A., Jacobsen, B. K., Morseth, B., Emaus, N., & Grimsgaard, S. (2019) · BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/s13102-019-0150-8 · Cited by 7
Association between objectively measured physical activity and longitudinal changes in body composition in adolescents: the Tromsø study fit futures cohort
Aars, N. A., Beldo, S. K., Jacobsen, B. K., Horsch, A., Morseth, B., Emaus, N., Furberg, A., & Grimsgaard, S. (2020) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-036991 · Cited by 10
Daily and Weekly Variation in Children’s Physical Activity in Norway: A Cross-Sectional Study of The Health Oriented Pedagogical Project (HOPP)
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The FitSpirit approach for increasing physical activity in canadian teenage girls: protocol of a longitudinal, quasi-experimental study
Leduc, G., Gilbert, J., Ayotte, A., Moreau, N., Drapeau, V., Lemoyne, J., Monthuy‐Blanc, J., Tremblay, J., & Mathieu, M.-E. (2021) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-021-10200-5 · Cited by 7
“Systematic reviews and original research support that the decline in PA levels can be first observed in childhood, even though girls tend to disengage from active pursuits at a steeper rate as they reach puberty and progress through adolescence [8, 9].”
Background
Gene-environment interaction in the association of residential greenness and 25(OH) vitamin D
Thiering, E., Markevych, I., Kress, S., Astell‐Burt, T., Feng, X., Altuğ, H., Koletzko, S., Bauer, C., Berg, A. V., Berdel, D., et al. (2023) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121519 · Cited by 7
Examining the factor structure and validity of the social motivational orientations in sport scale
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“…physical activity on development, declines in physical activity engagement are observed through adolescence, often beginning in early adolescence (Dumith et al., 2011; Farooq et al., 2018), and this is especially true for minoritised youth and those from low-income communities (Zhang et al.,…”
Assessing the health-related outcomes and correlates of active transportation in children and youth
Larouche, R. (2013) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/apnm-2013-0450 · Cited by 8
“In univariate analyses, utilitarian cycling was associated with greater aerobic fitness, and the magnitude of this difference (~6-10%; Table 5) was similar to studies of cycling to/from school.(15) However, this association was no longer significant after controlling for gender.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluential
Conservative care with or without manipulative therapy in the management of back and neck pain in Danish children aged 9–15. Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Dissing, K. B., Hartvigsen, J., Wedderkopp, N., & Hestbæk, L. (2016) · Chiropractic & Manual Therapies · doi:10.1186/s12998-016-0086-y · Cited by 7
“This is exceedingly important in this age group where the level of physical activity tend to decrease [41–43], which might have a significant impact on future health [44, 45], and where lifetime habits are being developed [43, 46].”
Background
Physical Activity Levels, BMI and Healthy Life Style Behaviors in Adolescents Living in a Rural District
Esatbeyoğlu, F., & İŞLER, A. K. (2018) · Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.5336/sportsci.2017-57533 · Cited by 7
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Physical activity and associated socio-demographic factors in adolescents from the eastern region of Poland
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Prevalence of Key Modifiable Cardiovascular Risk Factors among Urban Adolescents: The CRO-PALS Study
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“This should not be surprising given that modern lifestyle and the increased incidence of risk factors in young people favor the development of chronic diseases [13–15].”
Background
Correlates of Physical Activity, Psychosocial Factors, and Home Environment Exposure among U.S. Adolescents: Insights for Cancer Risk Reduction from the FLASHE Study
Xu, L., Rogers, C. R., Halliday, T. M., Wu, Q., & Wilmouth, L. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17165753 · Cited by 7
“This finding is in agreement with former research establishing that PA declines during the adolescent period [29,30].”
Result
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Blunt, J., Morris, J. N., & Trigg, J. L. (2020) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04326 · Cited by 7
“Research suggests that this decline reflects external pressures such as academic load, part-time jobs, and peer group maintenance, which often hinder health behaviour engagement during adolescence [13, 15].”
Background
Contemporaneous trajectories of physical activity and screen time in adolescents
Riglea, T., Doré, I., O’Loughlin, J. L., Bélanger, M. F., & Sylvestre, M. (2021) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/apnm-2020-0631 · Cited by 7
Segmented School Physical Activity and Weight Status in Children: Application of Compositional Data Analysis
Burns, R. D., Brusseau, T. A., Bai, Y., & Byun, W. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18063243 · Cited by 7
“These differences are especially prevalent upon commencement of early adolescence, where physical, social, and emotional development shape physical activity behavior [33,34].”
Effectiveness of a School-Community Linked Program on Physical Activity Levels and Health-Related Quality of Life for Adolescent Girls
Casey, M. M., Harvey, J. T., Telford, A., Eime, R., Mooney, A., & Payne, W. R. (2015) · Apple Academic Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/b18227-6 · Cited by 7
Hreyfing og svefn reykvískra ungmenna
Rögnvaldsdóttir, V., Valdimarsdottir, B. M., Brychta, R. J., Hrafnkelsdóttir, S. M., Arngrímsson, S. Á., Jóhannsson, E., Chen, K. Y., Guðmundsdóttir, S. L., & Guðmundsdóttir, S. L. (2018) · Læknablaðið · doi:10.17992/lbl.2018.02.173 · Cited by 7
“Hvíldust >= 8 klst (n, %) 42 (22,2) 19 (24,7) 0,673 30 (26,1) 31 (20,5) 0,293 20 (22,5) 41 (23,2) 0,899”
Physical activity, fatigue and sleep quality at least 6 months after mild traumatic brain injury in adolescents and young adults: A comparison with orthopedic injury controls
van Markus-Doornbosch, F., Peeters, E. A. J., Volker, G., van der Pas, S., Vlieland, T. P. M. V., & Meesters, J. J. L. (2019) · European Journal of Paediatric Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.ejpn.2019.08.003 · Cited by 7
SmartSense-D: A safety, feasibility, and acceptability pilot study of digital phenotyping in young people with major depressive disorder
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“52 However, in adolescence, decreased physical activity and increased sedentary behaviour may signi ﬁ cantly impact sleep habits.”
A qualitative study in UK secondary schools exploring how PE uniform policies influence body image attitudes and PE engagement among adolescent girls
Porter, A., Cawley, E., Chapman, L., Crisp, C., Wadman, R., Barber, S., Penton-Voak, I., Attwood, A., Jago, R., & Bould, H. (2025) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2025-099312 · Cited by 7
Health-Related Physical Fitness of Romanian University Students: The European Fitness Badge Approach
Geantă, V. A., Ardelean, V. P., Dulceanu, C. R., Bulzan, C. O., Forț, P. R., Katanić, B., Govindasamy, K., Campos, F., Gomes, R., Ursu, V. E., et al. (2025) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare13161966 · Cited by 6
“Additionally, students enrolled in sports science or physical education programs typically exhibit higher fitness levels than their peers in non-sport-related departments, likely due to curriculum demands and personal interest in physical activity [39].”
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Atkin, A. J., Sherar, L. B., Ekelund, U., Hansen, B. H., Andersen, L. B., Anderssen, S. A., Kriemler, S., Kwon, S., Kristensen, P. L., Wedderkopp, N., et al. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0327394 · Cited by 10
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“…among study participants The observed categories of student involvement in PE are consistent with the documented, more precipitous decline in physical activity levels at the onset of adolescence among girls compared to boys (National Center for Health Statistics [NCHS] 2004; Dumith et al 2011).”
Result
Change in general and domain-specific physical activity during the transition from primary to secondary education: a systematic review
Spruijtenburg, G. E., van Abswoude, F., Adams, I. L. J., Platvoet, S. W.-J., de Niet, M., & Steenbergen, B. (2024) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-024-18539-1 · Cited by 6
“This is in agreement with previous reviews reporting declines in PA during the school transition period [6, 9], and during childhood and adolescence [3, 66].”
Result
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Telford, D. M., Meiring, R. M., & Gusso, S. (2024) · Journal of science and medicine in sport · doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2024.10.002 · Cited by 9
Hiipuva liikunta nuoruusiässä : drop off -ilmiön aikatrendejä ja kansainvälistä vertailua WHO-Koululaistutkimuksen (HBSC-Study) aineistoilla 1986-2010
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Action 3:30R: protocol for a cluster randomised feasibility study of a revised teaching assistant-led extracurricular physical activity intervention for 8- to 10-year-olds
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Self-Report Motor Competence in Adolescents Aged 12–18 Years in Regional and Rural Victoria (Australia)
Plumb, M. S., Hands, B. P., McIntyre, F., & Timler, A. (2020) · Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport · doi:10.1080/02701367.2020.1739606 · Cited by 6
Age-varying Bi-directional Associations Between Momentary Affect and Movement Behaviors in Children: Evidence From a Multi-wave Ecological Momentary Assessment Study
Yang, C., Zink, J., Belcher, B. R., Kanning, M. K., & Dunton, G. F. (2021) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1093/abm/kaaa124 · Cited by 6
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Cohen, D. D., Carreño‐Robayo, J., Camacho, P. A., Otero, J. A., Martínez-Bello, D., López-López, J., SANDERCOCK, G. R. H., & López-Jaramillo, P. A. (2021) · Pediatric Exercise Science · doi:10.1123/pes.2021-0034 · Cited by 6
Pilot Study and Gamification Analysis of a Theory-based Exergame
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“Based on earlier studies, PA levels start to decrease significantly during the puberty stage of children [49].”
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The importance of family support to engage and retain girls in male dominated action sports. A qualitative study of young people's perspectives
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Background

Authors: Dumith, S. C., Gigante, D. P., Domingues, M. R., & Kohl, H. W.
Affiliations: Universidade Federal de Pelotas (BR)
Corresponding author: Dumith, S. C.
ORCID: Dumith, S. C.
Gigante, D. P.
Domingues, M. R.
Kohl, H. W.
Venue: International Journal of Epidemiology
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2011-01-18
Volume: 40
Issue: 3
Pages: 685-698
ISSN: 0300-5771 (ISSN-L)
1464-3685
DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyq272
OpenAlex: W2130834134
Cited by: 1,275
References: 56
Citations by year: 2026: 50 · 2025: 62 · 2024: 67 · 2023: 62 · 2022: 82 · 2021: 134 · 2020: 178 · 2019: 120 · 2018: 101 · 2017: 102 · 2016: 95 · 2015: 91 · 2014: 49 · 2013: 45 · 2012: 30
FWCI: 4.45
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
repositorio.furg.br
Licence: other-oa
Locations: International Journal of Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Americanae (AECID Library) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
Social Sciences › Life-span and Life-course Studies › Recreational Sport and Physical Activity
Keywords: physical activity, adolescence, physical activity decline, gender differences, age differences, transition to adolescence, pooled analysis, physical activity measurement
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Age Factors, Brazil, Child, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Motor Activity, Physical Education and Training, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Sports, Exercise, Needs Assessment

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Physical activity change during adolescence: a systematic review and a pooled analysis

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