The DOI matches its Crossref record; 79 of the 79 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Regulatory T cells: how do they suppress immune responses?
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs), either natural or induced, suppress a variety of physiological and pathological immune responses. One of the key issues for understanding Treg function is to determine how they suppress other lymphocytes at the molecular level in vivo and in vitro. Here we propose that there may be a key suppressive mechanism that is shared by every forkhead box p3 (Foxp3)(+) Treg in vivo and in vitro in mice and humans. When this central mechanism is abrogated, it causes a breach in self-tolerance and immune homeostasis. Other suppressive mechanisms may synergistically operate with this common mechanism depending on the environment and the type of an immune response. Further, Treg-mediated suppression is a multi-step process and impairment or augmentation of each step can alter the ultimate effectiveness of Treg-mediated suppression. These findings will help to design effective ways for controlling immune responses by targeting Treg suppressive functions.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Control of Regulatory T Cell Development by the Transcription Factor Foxp3
Hori, S., Nomura, T., & Sakaguchi, S. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1079490 · Cited by 8,187
Self-citationFoxp3 programs the development and function of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells
Fontenot, J. D., Gavin, M. A., & Rudensky, A. Y. (2003) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni904 · Cited by 7,745
Park, J.-H., Adoro, S., Guinter, T., Erman, B., Alag, A. S., Catalfamo, M., Kimura, M. Y., Cui, Y., Lucas, P. J., Gress, R. E., et al. (2010) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.1840 · Cited by 5,835
Sakaguchi, S., Sakaguchi, N., Asano, M., Itoh, M., & Toda, M. (1995) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.155.3.1151 · Cited by 5,608
Self-citationChen, W., Jin, W., Hardegen, N., Lei, K.-J., Li, L., Marinos, N., McGrady, G., & Wahl, S. M. (2003) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20030152 · Cited by 4,699
Vignali, D. A. A., Collison, L. W., & Workman, C. J. (2008) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri2343 · Cited by 3,463
Sakaguchi, S. (2004) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.21.120601.141122 · Cited by 3,306
Self-citationCTLA-4 Control over Foxp3 + Regulatory T Cell Function
Wing, K., Onishi, Y., Prieto-Martin, P., Yamaguchi, T., Miyara, M., Fehervari, Z., Nomura, T., & Sakaguchi, S. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1160062 · Cited by 2,956
Self-citationAn essential role for Scurfin in CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells
Khattri, R., Cox, T., Yasayko, S.-A., & Ramsdell, F. (2003) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni909 · Cited by 2,856
Thornton, A. M., & Shevach, E. M. (1998) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.188.2.287 · Cited by 2,639
Cited by
Tekguc, M., Wing, J. B., Osaki, M., Long, J., & Sakaguchi, S. (2021) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2023739118 · Cited by 490
Self-citationMetal Drugs and the Anticancer Immune Response
Englinger, B., Pirker, C., Heffeter, P., Terenzi, A., Kowol, C. R., Keppler, B. K., & Berger, W. (2019) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00396 · Cited by 355
The immune system and cancer evasion strategies: therapeutic concepts
Muenst, S., Läubli, H., Soysal, S. D., Zippelius, A., Tzankov, A., & Hoeller, S. (2016) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/joim.12470 · Cited by 304
Hypoxia-inducible factors: a central link between inflammation and cancer
Triner, D., & Shah, Y. M. (2016) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci84430 · Cited by 199
Suppression assays with human T regulatory cells: A technical guide
McMurchy, A. N., & Levings, M. K. (2012) · European Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1002/eji.201141651 · Cited by 147
Metadata
- Authors
- Sakaguchi, S., Wing, K., Onishi, Y., Prieto-Martin, P., & Yamaguchi, T.
- Venue
- International Immunology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2009-09-07
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1105-1111
- ISSN
- 0953-8178 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2377
- OpenAlex
- W2105484520
- Cited by
- 854
- References
- 79
- FWCI
- 19.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Regulatory T cells: how do they suppress immune responses? https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1093/intimm/dxp095
- The paper
- Sakaguchi, S., Wing, K., Onishi, Y., Prieto-Martin, P., & Yamaguchi, T. (2009). Regulatory T cells: how do they suppress immune responses? International Immunology. https://doi.org/10.1093/intimm/dxp095
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.