Molecular basis by which garlic suppresses atherosclerosis
Open accessAbstract
The aim of this study was to determine the mechanism by which the aged garlic extract "Kyolic" has a protective effect against atherosclerosis. Plasma cholesterol of rabbits fed a 1% cholesterol-enriched diet for 6 wk was not reduced by supplementation with 800 microL Kyolic/(kg body. d). In spite of this, Kyolic reduced by 64% (P < 0.05) the surface area of the thoracic aorta covered by fatty streaks and significantly reduced aortic arch cholesterol. Kyolic also significantly inhibited by approximately 50% the development of thickened, lipid-filled lesions in preformed neointimas produced by Fogarty 2F balloon catheter injury of the right carotid artery in cholesterol-fed rabbits. In vitro studies found that Kyolic completely prevented vascular smooth muscle phenotypic change from the contractile, high volume fraction of filament (V(v)myo) state, and inhibited proliferation of smooth muscle cells in the synthetic state with a 50% effective dose (ED(50)) of 0.2%. Kyolic also slightly inhibited the accumulation of lipid in cultured macrophages but not smooth muscle, and had no effect on the expression of adhesion molecules on the surface of the endothelium or the adherence of leukocytes. It is concluded that Kyolic exerts antiatherogenic effects through inhibition of smooth muscle phenotypic change and proliferation, and by another (unclarified) effect on lipid accumulation in the artery wall.
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AGE significantly prevented the development of thickened, lipid-filled lesions in the preformed neointima generated from balloon-catheter harm of the right carotid artery in rabbits fed with cholesterol.
“Campbell et al. [109] reported that AGE significantly prevented the development of thickened, lipid-filled lesions in the preformed neointima generated from balloon-catheter harm of the right carotid artery in rabbits fed with cholesterol.”
From Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Garlic (Allium sativum L.): A Review (2020) · cites this paper as [109]
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Cites
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Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Garlic (Allium sativum L.): A Review
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- Authors
- Campbell, J. H., Efendy, J. L., Smith, N. J., & Campbell, G. R.
- Affiliations
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Campbell, Julie H.
- Venue
- The Journal of Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2001-03
- Volume
- 131
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 1006S-1009S
- ISSN
- 0022-3166 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2120290727
- Cited by
- 105
- References
- 14
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 6.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Garlic and Onion Studies
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Botanical Studies and Applications
- Keywords
- aged garlic extract, atherosclerosis, antiatherogenic effects, vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, neointima formation, cholesterol-fed rabbits, aortic fatty streaks, macrophage lipid accumulation, serum cholesterol, dietary supplementation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Anticholesteremic Agents, Aorta, Thoracic, Arteriosclerosis, Carotid Arteries, Catheterization, Cells, Cultured, Cholesterol, Cholesterol, Dietary, Endothelium, Vascular, Female, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Garlic, Macrophages, Phytotherapy, Muscle, Smooth, Vascular, Phenotype, Plant Extracts, Plants, Medicinal, Rabbits, Maximum Tolerated Dose
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