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Cited by 7Healthcare professionals’ stress and burnoutStress and Burnout ResearchOccupational Health and Burnout

Assessment of Resident Burnout After Formalization of Wellness Program

Open access
Schmeusser, Benjamin, Gauthier, Zoe, Nagy, Kelly·2023·Military Medicine
DOI 10.1093/milmed/usac004
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Abstract

Introduction: Burnout has reached epidemic levels among resident physicians. Characterized by emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization, and feelings of inefficacy, burnout negatively affects patient outcomes, increases costs, and decreases physician quality of life. These negative outcomes catalyze leaders in graduate medical education to address burnout and reverse its trends. The primary aim of this project is to design a residency Wellness Program utilizing the facets of physician wellness, assess levels of burnout among resident physicians, and determine the program’s effects on burnout. Materials and Methods: A Wellness Program was formalized at a Midwestern, military-civilian Obstetrics and Gynecology residency program for the 2019-2020 academic year. Resident wellness and perceptions were assessed at three time points (0, 6, and 12 months) through surveys consisting of free response, yes–no questions, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory Scales. Results: On average, 17 of 24 residents completed all three survey assessments. Perception of the residency program prioritization of wellness increased significantly from 52.9% to 94.4% (P = .007). Residents consistently demonstrated burnout throughout the year with low levels of EE, high levels of depersonalization, and moderate levels of personal achievement. Residents were consistently satisfied with their personal wellness (80%-92.9%) during the program. Residents wanted to see physical activity incorporated into the program. Conclusions: This study assessed burnout during a formalization of a Wellness Program and insight on resident perceptions and wellness requests. Military medicine, graduate medical education, and other residency programs can utilize this research to better develop and study the implementation of wellness initiatives aimed at reducing burn out.

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  • In the meditation intervention subgroup, personal accomplishment (PA) was significantly improved: Cohen's d SMD 0.22 (95% CI 0.03 to 0.40, p = 0.02, I2 = 0%).

    “In the subgroup of meditation intervention studies [50–58], the Cohen’s d SMD was found to be non-statistically significant in EE (-0.30, 95% CI -0.61 to 0.02, p = 0.25, I2 = 63.1%) and DP (-0.10, 95% CI -0.28 to 0.07, p = 0.25, I2 = 0%), but statistically significant in PA (0.22, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.40, p = 0.02, I2 = 0%).”

    From Individual and organizational interventions to reduce burnout in resident physicians: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2024) · cites this paper as [56]

  • In the meditation intervention subgroup, emotional exhaustion (EE) was not significantly reduced: Cohen's d SMD -0.30 (95% CI -0.61 to 0.02, p = 0.25, I2 = 63.1%).

    “In the subgroup of meditation intervention studies [50–58], the Cohen’s d SMD was found to be non-statistically significant in EE (-0.30, 95% CI -0.61 to 0.02, p = 0.25, I2 = 63.1%) and DP (-0.10, 95% CI -0.28 to 0.07, p = 0.25, I2 = 0%), but statistically significant in PA (0.22, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.40, p = 0.02, I2 = 0%).”

    From Individual and organizational interventions to reduce burnout in resident physicians: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2024) · cites this paper as [56]

  • In the meditation intervention subgroup, depersonalization (DP) was not significantly reduced: Cohen's d SMD -0.10 (95% CI -0.28 to 0.07, p = 0.25, I2 = 0%).

    “In the subgroup of meditation intervention studies [50–58], the Cohen’s d SMD was found to be non-statistically significant in EE (-0.30, 95% CI -0.61 to 0.02, p = 0.25, I2 = 63.1%) and DP (-0.10, 95% CI -0.28 to 0.07, p = 0.25, I2 = 0%), but statistically significant in PA (0.22, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.40, p = 0.02, I2 = 0%).”

    From Individual and organizational interventions to reduce burnout in resident physicians: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2024) · cites this paper as [56]

  • The majority of studies employed non-randomized, non-concurrent designs, with 9 using historical controls, 13 utilizing self-control studies, and 11 randomized controlled concurrent trials.

    “The majority of studies employed non-randomized, non-concurrent designs, with 9 (27.2%) using historical controls [44, 48, 49, 56, 59, 68, 71, 75, 76] and 13 (39.4%) utilizing self-control studies [47, 50, 53, 54, 58, 61, 65–67, 69, 70, 72, 73]. Eleven (33.3%) studies were randomized, controlled, concurrent trials [45, 51, 52, 55, 57, 60–64, 74].”

    From Individual and organizational interventions to reduce burnout in resident physicians: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2024) · cites this paper as [56]

  • Outcome measurements were conducted using various versions of the validated Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI): 26 studies used the 22-item MBI, 5 used the 9-item MBI, 1 used the 20-item Dutch version, and 1 used the 16-item MBI.

    “Outcome measurements were conducted using various versions of the validated MBI. Specifically, 26 studies (78.7%) used the 22-item MBI [44, 45, 47–49, 51, 52, 54, 56, 58, 60–65, 67, 68, 70–76], 5 studies (15.2%) employed the 9-item MBI [50, 53, 55, 59, 69], 1 study (3.0%) used the 20-item Dutch version of the MBI [57], and 1 study (3.0%) utilized the 16-item MBI [66].”

    From Individual and organizational interventions to reduce burnout in resident physicians: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2024) · cites this paper as [56]

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Authors
Schmeusser, B., Gauthier, Z., & Nagy, K.
Affiliations
  • Wright State University (US)
  • Wright-Patterson Air Force Base (US)
ORCID
Schmeusser, Benjamin
Venue
Military Medicine
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2022-01-19
Volume
188
Issue
7-8
Pages
e1490-e1495
ISSN
  • 0026-4075 (ISSN-L)
  • 1930-613X
DOI
10.1093/milmed/usac004
OpenAlex
W4206057455
Cited by
7
References
26
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1
FWCI
1.72
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model (vor)
Locations
  • Military Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
n/a (n/a)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Healthcare professionals’ stress and burnout
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Stress and Burnout Research
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › Occupational Therapy › Occupational Health and Burnout
Keywords
physician burnout, graduate medical education, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, personal accomplishment, resident perceptions, obstetrics and gynecology residency, physical activity

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