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Cited by 437

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 136 of the 136 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Cosmological simulations of black hole growth: AGN luminosities and downsizing

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Hirschmann, M., Dolag, K., Saro, A., Bachmann, L., Borgani, S., Burkert, A.·2014·Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
DOI 10.1093/mnras/stu1023
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Abstract

In this study, we present a detailed, statistical analysis of black hole growth and the evolution of active galactic nuclei (AGN) using cosmological hydrodynamic simulations run down to $z=0$. The simulations self-consistently follow radiative cooling, star formation, metal enrichment, black hole growth and associated feedback processes from both supernovae typeII/Ia and AGN. We consider two simulation runs, one with a large co-moving volume of $(500\ \mathrm{Mpc})^3$ and one with a smaller volume of $(68\ \mathrm{Mpc})^3$ but with a by a factor of almost 20 higher mass resolution. Consistently with previous results, our simulations can widely match observed black hole properties of the local Universe. Furthermore, our simulations can successfully reproduce the evolution of the bolometric AGN luminosity function for both the low-luminosity and the high-luminosity end up to $z=3.0$. In addition, the smaller but higher resolution run is able to match the observational data of the low bolometric luminosity end at higher redshifts $z=3-4$. We also perform a direct comparison with the observed soft and hard X-ray luminosity functions of AGN, including an empirical correction for a torus-level obscuration, and find a similarly good agreement. These results nicely demonstrate that the observed "anti-hierarchical" trend in the AGN number density evolution (i.e. the number densities of luminous AGN peak at higher redshifts than those of faint AGN) is self-consistently predicted by our simulations. Implications of this downsizing behaviour on active black holes, their masses and Eddington-ratios are discussed. Overall, the downsizing behaviour in the AGN number density as a function of redshift can be mainly attributed to the evolution of the gas density in the resolved vicinity of a (massive) black hole. (shortened)

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Metadata

Authors
Hirschmann, M., Dolag, K., Saro, A., Bachmann, L., Borgani, S., & Burkert, A.
Venue
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2014-06-20
Volume
442
Issue
3
Pages
2304-2324
ISSN
  • 0035-8711 (ISSN-L)
  • 1365-2966
DOI
10.1093/mnras/stu1023
OpenAlex
W2035936423
Cited by
437
References
136
FWCI
14.55
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Cosmological simulations of black hole growth: AGN luminosities and downsizing. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1093/mnras/stu1023
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Hirschmann, M., Dolag, K., Saro, A., Bachmann, L., Borgani, S., & Burkert, A. (2014). Cosmological simulations of black hole growth: AGN luminosities and downsizing. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stu1023

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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

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