Linguistic Diversity
Abstract
There are some 6,500 different languages in the world, belonging to around 250 distinct families and conforming to numerous grammatical types. This book explains why. Given that the biological mechanisms underlying language are the same in all normal human beings, would we not be a more successful species if we spoke one language? Daniel Nettle considers how this extraordinary and rich diversity arose, how it relates to the nature of language, cognition, and culture, and how it is linked with the main patterns of human geography and history. Human languages and language families are not distributed evenly: there are relatively few in Eurasia compared to the profusion found in Australasia, the Pacific, and the Americas. There is also a marked correlation between biodiversity and linguistic diversity. The author explains the processes by which this distribution evolved and changes still. To do so he returns to the earliest origins of language, reconstructing the processes of linguistic variation and diffusion that occurred when humans first filled the continents and, thousands of years later, turned to agriculture. He ends by examining the causes of linguistic mortality, and why the number of the world's languages may halve before 2100. Linguistic Diversity draws on work in anthropology, linguistics, geography, archaeology, and evolutionary science to provide a comprehensive account of the patterns of linguistic diversity. It is written in a clear, lively and accessible style, and will appeal broadly across the natural and human sciences, as well as to the informed general reader.
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In small-scale societies, language differences generally mark the boundaries of groups that conflict.
“In small-scale societies, language differences generally mark the boundaries of groups that conflict (Nettle 1999).”
From Cultural group selection plays an essential role in explaining human cooperation: a sketch of the evidence. (2016) · cites this paper as Nettle 1999
The stunning diversity of languages shows that differences between languages readily evolve.
“The stunning diversity of languages shows that differences between languages readily evolve (Nettle 1999).”
From Cultural group selection plays an essential role in explaining human cooperation: a sketch of the evidence. (2016) · cites this paper as Nettle 1999
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- Authors
- Nettle, D.
- Corresponding author
- Nettle, Daniel
- ORCID
- Nettle, Daniel
- Publisher
- Oxford University PressOxford
- Published
- 1999-05-06
- OpenAlex
- W4388155107
- Cited by
- 251
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 32.78
- Type
- book
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Cultural Studies › Language and cultural evolution
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Language and Linguistics › Linguistics and language evolution
- Social Sciences › Linguistics and Language › Linguistic and Sociocultural Studies
- Keywords
- linguistic diversity, language families, language distribution, origin of language, language spread, language variation, endangered languages, language death, language and cognition, language and culture, human geography
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