Incidence and etiology of infantile diarrhea and major routes of transmission in Huascar, Peru
Abstract
Community-based studies of diarrhea etiology and epidemiology were carried out from July 1982-June 1984 in 153 infants residing in a poor peri-urban community near Lima, Peru. Study infants had nearly 10 episodes of diarrhea in their first year of life. Diarrhea episodes were associated with organisms such as Campylobacter jejuni, enterotoxigenic and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, Shigella, rotavirus, and Cryptosporidium. These organisms appeared to be transmitted to infants in the home through animal feces, through contaminated water and food, and by direct person-to-person contact. A particularly important route of transmission may have been weaning foods, which were often contaminated because of improper preparation and inadequate cleaning of utensils. Improved feeding practices, along with avoidance of animal feces and improved personal and domestic hygiene, should be considered important interventions in reducing the high incidence of diarrhea in infants in developing countries.
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Symptomatic rotavirus disease is less common in the first than in the second 6 months of life.
“For example, symptomatic rotavirus disease is less common in the first than in the second 6 months of life.55”
From Global burden of childhood pneumonia and diarrhoea (2013) · cites this paper as [55]
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“Weaning food given to children in West Africa (10-11), Bangladesh (12), and Peru (13) contains substantial amounts of bacteria.”
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Epidemiology of persistent diarrhea and etiologic agents in Mirzapur, Bangladesh
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“Additional cultures were obtained from children less than six years of age with diarrhea according to the criteria of Black and others.(3) Briefly, an episode of diarrhea was defined as at least one day with at least four liquid stools for children within the age group included in the protocol, and the duration of dia…”
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- Authors
- BLACK, R. E., LOPEZ DE ROMA, G., BROWN, K. H., BRAVO, N., GRADOS BAZALAR, O., & CREED KANASHTRO, H.
- Affiliations
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Instituto Nacional de Salud (PE)
- Corresponding author
- BLACK, ROBERT E.
- Venue
- American Journal of Epidemiology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1989-04
- Volume
- 129
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 785-799
- ISSN
- 0002-9262 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-6256
- OpenAlex
- W1933189170
- Cited by
- 269
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 8 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 15.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Keywords
- infant diarrhea, etiology of diarrhea, transmission routes, Campylobacter jejuni, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, Shigella, rotavirus, Cryptosporidium, complementary foods, animal feces, person-to-person contact, household transmission, infant feeding practices, hygiene
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Campylobacter fetus, Diarrhea, Infantile, Escherichia coli, Feces, Food Contamination, Humans, Hygiene, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Longitudinal Studies, Peru, Urban Health, Water Supply
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