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Cited by 100Child Nutrition and Water AccessViral gastroenteritis research and epidemiologyPublic Health and Nutrition

Malnutrition, cell-mediated immune deficiency, and diarrhea: a community-based longitudinal study in rural Bangladeshi children

Baqui, Abdullah H., Black, Robert E., Sack, R. Bradley, Chowdhury, H. R., Yunus, M., Siddique, A. K.·1993·American Journal of Epidemiology
DOI 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116682
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Abstract

A community-based longitudinal study was conducted in Matlab, a rural area of Bangladesh, from May 1988 to April 1989 to examine the associations among malnutrition, cell-mediated immune deficiency, and the incidence of diarrhea in children under age 5 years. A cohort of 705 children was followed for a year; illnesses were ascertained every fourth day by home visits, anthropometric status was evaluated monthly, and cell-mediated immune status was assessed by a multiple antigen skin test at baseline and every 3 months. The diarrhea incidence rate was 4.6 episodes per year. Approximately three quarters of the children were below -2 z score weight for age and height for age, and about a third were below -2 z score weight for height. There was a modest association between undernutrition and the incidence of diarrhea. About 10-20% of the study children were anergic, and these children experienced a 50% increased incidence of diarrhea compared with their immunocompetent counterparts. This association persisted after controlling for the effects of age, nutritional status, socioeconomic status, and history of diarrhea in the previous 3 months. Malnutrition and cell-mediated immune deficiency were important independent risk factors for the occurrence of diarrhea and must both be considered in the design of interventions for the control of this condition.

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  • Of 23 studies with information about sex and diarrhoea incidence, seven showed significantly more cases in boys than in girls.

    “We identified 23 studies with information about sex with respect to the incidence of diarrhoea,20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42 seven24, 29, 30, 31, 36, 37, 39 of which showed significantly more cases in boys than in girls.”

    From Global burden of childhood pneumonia and diarrhoea (2013) · cites this paper as [20]

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Authors
Baqui, A. H., Black, R. E., Sack, R. B., Chowdhury, H. R., Yunus, M., & Siddique, A. K.
Affiliations
  • Johns Hopkins University (US)
  • International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research (BD)
Corresponding author
Baqui, Abdullah H.
ORCID
Venue
American Journal of Epidemiology
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
1993-02-01
Volume
137
Issue
3
Pages
355-365
ISSN
  • 0002-9262 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-6256
DOI
10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116682
OpenAlex
W1853862332
Cited by
97
References
0
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 2
FWCI
2.15
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • American Journal of Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Child Nutrition and Water Access
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Public Health and Nutrition
Keywords
childhood diarrhea, malnutrition, anergy, children under five, risk factors, rural Bangladesh
MeSH terms
Bangladesh, Child, Preschool, Diarrhea, Female, Humans, Immunity, Cellular, Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes, Infant, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Nutritional Status, Risk Factors, Rural Population, Skin Tests, Socioeconomic Factors, Child Nutrition Disorders, Incidence, Multivariate Analysis

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