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Tetrapod phylogeny inferred from 18S and 28S ribosomal RNA sequences and a review of the evidence for amniote relationships.

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S. Blair Hedges, Kirk D. Moberg, Linda R. Maxson·1990·Molecular Biology and Evolution

DOI 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040628

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Abstract

The 18S ribosomal RNAs of 21 tetrapods were sequenced and aligned with five published tetrapod sequences. When the coelacanth was used as an outgroup, Lissamphibia (living amphibians) and Amniota (amniotes) were found to be statistically significant monophyletic groups. Although little resolution was obtained among the lissamphibian taxa, the amniote sequences support a sister-group relationship between birds and mammals. Portions of the 28S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule in 11 tetrapods also were sequenced, although the phylogenetic results were inconclusive. In contrast to previous studies, deletion or down-weighting of base-paired sites were found to have little effect on phylogenetic relationships. Molecular evidence for amniote relationships is reviewed, showing that three genes (beta-hemoglobin, myoglobin, and 18S rRNA) unambiguously support a bird-mammal relationship, compared with one gene (histone H2B) that favors a bird-crocodilian clade. Separate analyses of four other genes (alpha-crystallin A, alpha-hemoglobin, insulin, and 28S rRNA) and a combined analysis of all sequence data are inconclusive, in that different groups are defined in different analyses and none are strongly supported. It is suggested that until sequences become available from a broader array of taxa, the molecular evidence is best evaluated at the level of individual genes, with emphasis placed on those studies with the greatest number of taxa and sites. When this is done, a bird-mammal relationship is most strongly supported. When regarded in combination with the morphological evidence for this association, it must be considered at least as plausible as a bird-crocodilian relationship.

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Authors: Hedges, S. B., Moberg, K. D., & Maxson, L. R.
Affiliations: Pennsylvania State University (US)
ORCID: S. Blair Hedges
Venue: Molecular Biology and Evolution
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 1990-11
Volume: 7
Issue: 6
Pages: 607-33
ISSN: 0737-4038 (ISSN-L)
1537-1719
DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040628
OpenAlex: W2291705348
Cited by: 198
References: 29
Citations by year: 2025: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 7
FWCI: 20.18
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Molecular Biology and Evolution (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Science Foundation
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Topics: Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Evolution and Paleontology Studies
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Evolutionary Biology
Keywords: tetrapod phylogeny, 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, Lissamphibia, amniotes, myoglobin, histone H2B, insulin, monophyly
MeSH terms: Animals, Base Sequence, Biological Evolution, Humans, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeny, RNA, Ribosomal, 18S, RNA, Ribosomal, 28S

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Tetrapod phylogeny inferred from 18S and 28S ribosomal RNA sequences and a review of the evidence for amniote relationships.

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