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Tetrapod phylogeny inferred from 18S and 28S ribosomal RNA sequences and a review of the evidence for amniote relationships.
Open accessAbstract
The 18S ribosomal RNAs of 21 tetrapods were sequenced and aligned with five published tetrapod sequences. When the coelacanth was used as an outgroup, Lissamphibia (living amphibians) and Amniota (amniotes) were found to be statistically significant monophyletic groups. Although little resolution was obtained among the lissamphibian taxa, the amniote sequences support a sister-group relationship between birds and mammals. Portions of the 28S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule in 11 tetrapods also were sequenced, although the phylogenetic results were inconclusive. In contrast to previous studies, deletion or down-weighting of base-paired sites were found to have little effect on phylogenetic relationships. Molecular evidence for amniote relationships is reviewed, showing that three genes (beta-hemoglobin, myoglobin, and 18S rRNA) unambiguously support a bird-mammal relationship, compared with one gene (histone H2B) that favors a bird-crocodilian clade. Separate analyses of four other genes (alpha-crystallin A, alpha-hemoglobin, insulin, and 28S rRNA) and a combined analysis of all sequence data are inconclusive, in that different groups are defined in different analyses and none are strongly supported. It is suggested that until sequences become available from a broader array of taxa, the molecular evidence is best evaluated at the level of individual genes, with emphasis placed on those studies with the greatest number of taxa and sites. When this is done, a bird-mammal relationship is most strongly supported. When regarded in combination with the morphological evidence for this association, it must be considered at least as plausible as a bird-crocodilian relationship.
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“In vertebrate mt-rDNA (Hixson and Brown 1986) as well as in nuclear rDNA (Larson and Wilson 1989;Hedges et al. 1990), transversions tend to occur much less frequently than transitions.”
From Phylogeny of the Bovidae (Artiodactyla, Mammalia), based on mitochondrial ribosomal DNA sequences. (1992) · cites this paper as Hedges et al. 1990
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Metadata
- Authors
- Hedges, S. B., Moberg, K. D., & Maxson, L. R.
- Affiliations
- Pennsylvania State University (US)
- ORCID
- S. Blair Hedges
- Venue
- Molecular Biology and Evolution
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1990-11
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 607-33
- ISSN
- 0737-4038 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-1719
- OpenAlex
- W2291705348
- Cited by
- 198
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 20.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Molecular Biology and Evolution (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Evolutionary Biology
- Keywords
- tetrapod phylogeny, 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, Lissamphibia, amniotes, myoglobin, histone H2B, insulin, monophyly
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Base Sequence, Biological Evolution, Humans, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeny, RNA, Ribosomal, 18S, RNA, Ribosomal, 28S
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