Chronic Pain Types Differ in Their Reported Prevalence of Post -Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and There Is Consistent Evidence That Chronic Pain Is Associated with PTSD: An Evidence-Based Structured Systematic Review
Abstract
Objectives. The hypotheses of this systematic review were the following: 1) Prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) will differ between various types of chronic pain (CP), and 2) there will be consistent evidence that CP is associated with PTSD. Methods. Of 477 studies, 40 fulfilled the inclusion/exclusion criteria of this review and were grouped according to the type of CP. The reported prevalence of PTSD for each grouping was determined by aggregating all the patients in all the studies in that group. Additionally all patients in all groupings were combined. Percentage of studies that had found an association between CP and PTSD was determined. The consistency of the evidence represented by the percentage of studies finding an association was rated according to the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research guidelines. Results. Grouping PTSD prevalence differed ranging from a low of 0.69% for chronic low back pain to a high of 50.1% in veterans. Prevalence in the general population with CP was 9.8%. Of 19 studies, 16 had found an association between CP and PTSD (84.2%) generating an A consistency rating (consistent multiple studies). Three of the groupings had an A or B (generally consistent) rating. The veterans grouping received a C (finding inconsistent) rating. Conclusion. The results of this systematic review confirmed the hypotheses of this review.
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In PTSD, pain-related impairment due to hyperalgesia rather than analgesia is prominent.
“In PTSD, pain-related impairment due to hyperalgesia rather than analgesia also is prominent [7, 38, 141].”
From Complex PTSD and borderline personality disorder (2021) · cites this paper as [38]
With the prevalence of pain being comorbid with psychological distress and related to rural residence it is paramount that these programs are accessible to those with chronic pain.
“With the prevalence of pain being comorbid with psychological distress and related to rural residence it is paramount that these programs are accessible to those with chronic pain.1,2,69-71”
From Remotely Delivered Psychologically Informed Mindful Movement Physical Therapy for Pain Care: A Framework for Operationalization (2023) · cites this paper as [71]
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Chronic pain: a review of its epidemiology and associated factors in population-based studies
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“69-71 Online delivery of PiPT has been shown to be bene fi cial in reducing cost, increasing accessibility, retention, patient satisfaction, and to be non-inferior to in-person care.”
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Trauma and Behavioral Health Care for Patients with Chronic Pain
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- Authors
- Fishbain, D. A., Pulikal, A., Lewis, J. E., & Gao, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Miami (US)
- Departments of *Psychiatry
- State Farm (United States) (US)
- Corresponding author
- Fishbain, David A.
- Venue
- Pain Medicine
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2017-04-01
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 711-735
- ISSN
- 1526-2375 (ISSN-L)
- 1526-4637
- OpenAlex
- W2401018581
- Cited by
- 228
- References
- 162
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 35 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 2.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Pain Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Treatment
- Keywords
- chronic pain, post-traumatic stress disorder, PTSD prevalence, chronic low back pain, veterans, comorbidities
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pain Measurement, Risk Factors, Sensitivity and Specificity, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Reproducibility of Results, Comorbidity, Bias, Prevalence, Evidence-Based Medicine, Internationality, Young Adult, Self Report, Chronic Pain
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