Effect of therapeutic horseback riding on posture in children with cerebral palsy
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to measure postural changes in children with spastic cerebral palsy after participation in a therapeutic horseback riding program. Eleven children with moderate to severe spastic cerebral palsy, aged 2 years 4 months to 9 years 6 months, were selected for this study and underwent postural assessments according to a repeated-measures design. Assessment of posture was performed by a panel of three pediatric physical therapists, using a postural assessment scale designed by the author. A composite score for each test interval was calculated for each child, and a median score was calculated for the entire group at each test interval. Data were analyzed using a Friedman test, assuming an alpha level of .05. A statistically significant difference was found between the three test intervals with significant improvement occurring during the period of therapeutic riding. Clinical improvements were also noted in muscle tone and balance as evidenced by improved functional skills. These results constitute the first objective measure supporting the efficacy of therapeutic horseback riding on posture in children with cerebral palsy.
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Effective elements of hippotherapy are proposed to include the horse's movement, which has been suggested to challenge balance, improve posture and strength while incorporating sensory input, and simulate human gait and the vertical change in the centre of pressure; and the warmth and rhythm of the horse, which may promote relaxation, thereby reducing spasticity and increasing muscle length.
“Effective elements of hippotherapy are proposed to include the horse's movement, which has been suggested to challenge balance, improve posture and strength while incorporating sensory input, 67 and simulate human gait and the vertical change in the centre of pressure; 68 and the warmth and rhythm of the horse, which may promote relaxation, thereby reducing spasticity and increasing muscle length.”
From Exercise interventions improve postural control in children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review (2015) · cites this paper as [68]
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- Authors
- Bertoti, D. B.
- Corresponding author
- Dolores B. Bertoti
- Venue
- Physical Therapy
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2016-11-20
- Volume
- 68
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1505-12
- ISSN
- 0031-9023 (ISSN-L)
- 1538-6724
- OpenAlex
- W2144135325
- Cited by
- 228
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2024: 5 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 9.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Physical Therapy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Human-Animal Interaction Studies
- Keywords
- therapeutic riding, equine-assisted therapy, spastic cerebral palsy, posture, postural assessment, children, muscle tone, balance, functional skills
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cerebral Palsy, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Horses, Humans, Male, Posture, Physical Therapy Modalities
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