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Cited by 68Cerebral Palsy and Movement DisordersBotulinum Toxin and Related Neurological DisordersChildren's Physical and Motor Development

Changes in Trunk and Head Stability in Children with Cerebral Palsy after Hippotherapy: A Pilot Study

Shurtleff, Tim L., Engsberg, Jack R.·2010·Physical & Occupational Therapy In Pediatrics
DOI 10.3109/01942630903517223
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Abstract

Hippotherapy (HPOT) is a therapy that uses horse movement. This pilot investigation objectively evaluated the efficacy of HPOT in improving head/trunk stability in children with cerebral palsy (CP). The participants were six children with spastic diplegia and six children without disability. Head and trunk stability was challenged by using a motorized barrel and measured by a video motion capture system before and after a 12-week intervention of 45 min of HPOT a week. The variables measured were anterior-posterior (AP) translation of the head, and spine at five points and average AP head angles. At pre-testing, children with CP demonstrated significant differences in AP translation and AP head rotation compared with children without disability. Following HPOT, children with CP demonstrated significant reductions in head rotation and AP translation at C7, eye, and vertex. At post-testing, translation at C7 did not differ significantly between children with CP and children without disability. After HPOT intervention, children with CP reduced their AP head rotation and translation, suggesting that they had increased stability of the head and trunk in response to perturbations at the pelvis. The findings suggest that HPOT might improve head and trunk stability in children with CP.

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  • Effective elements of hippotherapy are proposed to include the horse's movement, which has been suggested to challenge balance, improve posture and strength while incorporating sensory input, and simulate human gait and the vertical change in the centre of pressure; and the warmth and rhythm of the horse, which may promote relaxation, thereby reducing spasticity and increasing muscle length.

    “Effective elements of hippotherapy are proposed to include the horse's movement, which has been suggested to challenge balance, improve posture and strength while incorporating sensory input, 67 and simulate human gait and the vertical change in the centre of pressure; 68 and the warmth and rhythm of the horse, which may promote relaxation, thereby reducing spasticity and increasing muscle length.”

    From Exercise interventions improve postural control in children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review (2015) · cites this paper as [67]

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Authors
Shurtleff, T. L., & Engsberg, J. R.
Affiliations
Washington University in St. Louis (US)
Corresponding author
Shurtleff, Tim L.
Venue
Physical & Occupational Therapy In Pediatrics
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2010-04
Volume
30
Issue
2
Pages
150-163
ISSN
  • 0194-2638 (ISSN-L)
  • 1541-3144
DOI
10.3109/01942630903517223
OpenAlex
W2008747169
Cited by
68
References
16
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 6
FWCI
2.40
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Physical & Occupational Therapy In Pediatrics (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Children's Physical and Motor Development
Keywords
hippotherapy, cerebral palsy, spastic diplegia, head stability, core stability, postural control, children, head rotation, equine-assisted therapy
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Animals, Cerebral Palsy, Child, Exercise Therapy, Female, Horses, Humans, Male, Pilot Projects, Posture, Head Movements

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