Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 580

The DOI matches its OpenAlex record; 27 of the 27 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Perceived Risk versus Fear of Crime: Empirical Evidence of Conceptually Distinct Reactions in Survey Data

Pamela Wilcox Rountree, Kenneth C. Land·1996·Social Forces
DOI 10.1093/sf/74.4.1353
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The conceptualization and measurement of fear of crime have received considerable attention in the research literature. Nevertheless, most sample surveys use indicators that only tap a general, cognitive assessment of safety — assumed to represent fear of violence. This article examines whether there are conceptually and empirically distinct dimensions of fear of crime by comparing the micro- and macrolevel antecedents of such a general, cognitive “fear” — which we call “perceived risk” — with those for a more emotionally based, burglary-specific fear. Hierarchical logistic regression models for both types of fear are presented. Some similarities were found between fear and risk in terms of various predictors, but results generally provide further empirical evidence that the two constructs are quite distinct. At the individual-level, the effect of gender is different across models, and routine-activities variables are somewhat better predictors of burglary-specific fear in comparison to risk perception. At the contextual level, neighborhood integration serves to diminish respondents' perceptions of neighborhood danger, yet this variable is positively related to burglary-specific fear.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

OpenAlex · 10.1093/sf/74.4.1353

Cites

27 of 27 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 27 references

Cited by

See all 580

Metadata

Authors
Rountree, P. W., & Land, K. C.
Venue
Social Forces
Publisher
Oxford University Press
Published
1996-06-01
Volume
74
Issue
4
Pages
1353-1353
ISSN
0037-7732 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1093/sf/74.4.1353
OpenAlex
W2118666958
Cited by
580
References
27
FWCI
29.48
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Perceived Risk versus Fear of Crime: Empirical Evidence of Conceptually Distinct Reactions in Survey Data. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1093/sf/74.4.1353
The paper
Rountree, P. W., & Land, K. C. (1996). Perceived Risk versus Fear of Crime: Empirical Evidence of Conceptually Distinct Reactions in Survey Data. Social Forces. https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/74.4.1353

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.