Restless Legs Syndrome, Periodic Limb Movements in Sleep, and Depression
Abstract
Study objectives To review the literature on restless legs syndrome (RLS), periodic limb movements in sleep, and depression. Design Literature review. SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, AND INTERVENTIONS: N/A. Measurements and results We conducted a comprehensive review of the literature searching for publications that included data on depression or antidepressants and RLS or periodic limb movements in sleep. Sixty-two relevant literature references were found and reviewed. Four population-based studies and 9 clinical studies reported significantly higher rates of depression symptoms in individuals with RLS than in controls. Conversely, the prevalence of RLS in patients presenting with depression was reported as elevated in 2 studies. Conflicting data were found regarding the effect of antidepressants on the sensory symptoms of RLS. In contrast, several studies have found that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressant use is associated with increased periodic limb movements in sleep. Conclusions Depression symptoms are common in adults with RLS. However, the relationship appears complex, with overlap between RLS- and depression-related symptoms confounding the issue. Given what is known at this time, we propose a specific treatment approach to patients with RLS and depression symptoms.
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- Authors
- Picchietti, D. L., & Winkelman, J. W.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Daniel L. Picchietti
- Venue
- Sleep
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2005-07-01
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 891-8
- ISSN
- 0161-8105 (ISSN-L)
- 1550-9109
- OpenAlex
- W183135872
- Cited by
- 247
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2025: 4 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 13.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- SLEEP (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Restless Legs Syndrome Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Keywords
- restless legs syndrome, periodic limb movements in sleep, depression, antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, comorbidities, sleep disorders, treatment options
- MeSH terms
- Depression, Humans, Restless Legs Syndrome, Sleep, Prevalence, Nocturnal Myoclonus Syndrome
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