Cited by 183Sleep and related disordersSleep and Work-Related FatigueCircadian rhythm and melatonin

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Intra-Individual Daily and Yearly Variability in Actigraphically Recorded Sleep Measures: the CARDIA Study

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Knutson, Kristen L., Rathouz, Paul J., Yan, Lijing L., Liu, Kiang, Lauderdale, Diane S.·2007·SLEEP

DOI 10.1093/sleep/30.6.793PMC PMC1978344

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Abstract

STUDY OBJECTIVES: To describe the day-to-day and year-to-year variation in sleep characteristics among early middle-aged adults. DESIGN: Participants wore an Actiwatch (Mini Mitter, Inc) for 3 days on two occasions approximately 1 year apart. PARTICIPANTS: N = 669 participants aged 38-50 years from the Chicago site of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) cohort study. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Sleep measures included sleep duration, sleep latency, sleep efficiency, and time in bed. For each sleep parameter, total variance was decomposed into between-subject variance, within-subject variance from day to day, and within-subject variance from year to year. The standard deviation was calculated from the variance. Analysis yielded a within-subject daily standard deviation (SD) of 1.26 hours and a within-subject yearly SD of 0.39 hours for sleep duration. Daily SD was 30.7 minutes and yearly SD was 6.3 minutes for within-subject variability of sleep latency. Daily SD was 8.4% and yearly SD was 2.7% for within-subject variability of sleep efficiency. Finally, daily SD was 1.31 hours and yearly SD was 0.52 hours for within-subject variability of time in bed. CONCLUSIONS: For each of the 4 sleep characteristics, nightly variability was much greater than yearly variability, meaning sleep behavior changes little in one year in this cohort of early middle-aged adults, despite large daily fluctuations. These results have important methodological implications, including that single-day measures of sleep may not accurately reflect habitual behavior.

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Authors: Knutson, K. L., Rathouz, P. J., Yan, L. L., Liu, K., & Lauderdale, D. S.
Affiliations: University of Chicago (US)
Northwestern University (US)
Corresponding author: Knutson, Kristen L.
ORCID: Knutson, Kristen L.
Rathouz, Paul J.
Yan, Lijing L.
Liu, Kiang
Venue: SLEEP
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2007-06
Volume: 30
Issue: 6
Pages: 793-796
ISSN: 0161-8105 (ISSN-L)
1550-9109
DOI: 10.1093/sleep/30.6.793
PMC: PMC1978344
OpenAlex: W2154815992
Cited by: 183
References: 23
Citations by year: 2026: 8 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 6
FWCI: 11.13
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: SLEEP (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Northwestern University
University of Chicago
National Institutes of Health (n01hc48049-61-0-1)
National Institute on Aging (P01-AG11412., P01AG011412)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (N01-HC-048049, N01-HC-48-049)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
Keywords: sleep variability, sleep duration, sleep latency, sleep efficiency, time in bed, day-to-day variability, interannual variability, actigraphy, middle-aged adults, CARDIA cohort
MeSH terms: Adult, Coronary Disease, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Severity of Illness Index, Sleep Wake Disorders, Time Factors, Polysomnography

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Intra-Individual Daily and Yearly Variability in Actigraphically Recorded Sleep Measures: the CARDIA Study

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