Mediator‐induced activation of xanthine oxidase in endothelial cells
Abstract
Rat pulmonary artery endothelial cells incubated with human serum that has been complement‐activated by addition of cobra venom factor reveal a pronounced conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase to xanthine oxidase. This process requires the availability of the fifth component of complement (C5) but not the presence of other components (C2 and C6‐C9). The phenomenon can be reproduced by addition to endothelial cells of purified human recombinant C5a but not C5a desArg or C3a. The enzyme conversion process is relatively rapid (occurring within 5‐10 min), requires the presence of intact endothelial cells, and does not require protein synthesis. Similar effects on endothelial cells have been obtained with human recombinant tumor necrosis factor a and the chemotactic peptide N‐formyl‐Met‐Leu‐Phe. In contrast, bradykinin, recombinant human interleukin 1β, and phorbol ester lack this biological activity. These findings suggest novel effects of inflammatory mediators on endothelial cells.— F riedl , H. P.; T ill , G. O.; R yan , U. S.; W ard , P. A. Mediator‐induced activation of xanthine oxidase in endothelial cells. FASEB J. 3: 2512‐2518; 1989.
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XO activity is increased by angiotensin II, TNF-α, LPS, IL-6, and hypoxia.
“XO is expressed in ECs (393), and its activity is increased by angiotensin II (551), TNF-α, LPS (117, 311), IL-6, and hypoxia (410, 748).”
From Sources of Vascular Nitric Oxide and Reactive Oxygen Species and Their Regulation (2019) · cites this paper as [311]
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- Authors
- Friedl, H. P., Till, G. O., Ryan, U. S., & Ward, P. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- University of Miami (US)
- Corresponding author
- Till, Gerd O.
- ORCID
- Ward, Peter A.
- Venue
- The FASEB Journal
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1989-11
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 13
- Pages
- 2512-2518
- ISSN
- 0892-6638 (ISSN-L)
- 1530-6860
- OpenAlex
- W1545481155
- Cited by
- 218
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 3 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 7.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The FASEB Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Deep Blue (University of Michigan) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL 31963)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (GM‐29507, GM-28499)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Complement system in diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Nephrology › Gout, Hyperuricemia, Uric Acid
- Keywords
- xanthine oxidase, xanthine dehydrogenase, complement C5, C5a, complement activation, pulmonary artery endothelial cells, inflammatory mediators, TNF-α, fMLP, endothelial activation, enzymatic conversion
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Blood, Complement System Proteins, Complement Activation, Complement C5, Elapid Venoms, Endothelium, Vascular, Enzyme Activation, Humans, N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine, Pulmonary Artery, Recombinant Proteins, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Xanthine Dehydrogenase, Xanthine Oxidase, Complement C5a, Rats
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