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Polarization of the human motor cortex through the scalp
Abstract
Direct currents (DC) applied directly to central nervous system structures produce substantial and long-lasting effects in animal experiments. We tested the functional effects of very weak scalp DC (< 0.5 mA, 7 s) on the human motor cortex by assessing the changes in motor potentials evoked by transcranial magnetic brain stimulation. We performed four different experiments in 15 healthy volunteers. Our findings led to the conclusion that such weak (< 0.5 mA) anodal scalp DC, alternated with a cathodal DC, significantly depresses the excitability of the human motor cortex, providing evidence that a small electric field crosses the skull and influences the brain. A possible mechanism of action of scalp DC is the hyperpolarization of the superficial excitatory interneurones in the human motor cortex.
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Cited by
Nitsche, M. A., & Paulus, W. (2000) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7793.2000.t01-1-00633.x · Cited by 5,656
Transcranial direct current stimulation: State of the art 2008
Nitsche, M. A., Cohen, L. G., Wassermann, E. M., Priori, A., Lang, N., Antal, A., Paulus, W., Hummel, F., Boggio, P. S., Fregni, F., et al. (2008) · Brain Stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2008.06.004 · Cited by 3,057
“Because current orientation with respect to the target cells determines the effects of tDCS, results achieved by these protocols might differ from those with cephalic references.(13,16,20,21) Increasing focality of tDCS can be achieved by: (1) reducing electrode size, but keeping current density constant, for the elec…”
BackgroundMethodResultSelf-citationPhysiological basis of transcranial direct current stimulation
Stagg, C. J., & Nitsche, M. A. (2011) · The Neuroscientist · doi:10.1177/1073858410386614 · Cited by 1,719
Gandiga, P. C., Hummel, F. C., & Cohen, L. G. (2006) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2005.12.003 · Cited by 1,474
Brunoni, A. R., Nitsche, M. A., Bolognini, N., Bikson, M., Wagner, T., Merabet, L., Edwards, D. J., Valero-Cabre, A., Rotenberg, A., Pascual-Leone, A., et al. (2012) · Brain stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2011.03.002 · Cited by 1,445
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Metadata
- Authors
- Priori, A., Berardelli, A., Rona, S., Accornero, N., & Manfredi, M.
- Venue
- NeuroReport
- Published
- 1998-07
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 2257-2260
- ISSN
- 0959-4965 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1970567892
- Cited by
- 568
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 0.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Priori, A., Berardelli, A., Rona, S., Accornero, N., & Manfredi, M. (1998). Polarization of the human motor cortex through the scalp. NeuroReport. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001756-199807130-00020
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
