The DOI matches its Crossref record; 161 of the 161 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Effect of nicotine and nicotinic receptors on anxiety and depression
Abstract
Nicotine has been shown to have effects on anxiety and depression in both human and animal studies. These studies suggest that nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) can modulate the function of pathways involved in stress response, anxiety and depression in the normal brain, and that smoking can result in alterations of anxiety level and mood. The effects of nicotine are complex however, and nicotine treatment can be either anxiolytic or anxiogenic depending on the anxiety model tested, the route of nicotine administration and the time course of administration. The paradoxical effects of nicotine on emotionality are likely due to the broad expression of nAChRs throughout the brain, the large number of nAChR subtypes that have been identified and the ability of nicotine treatment to both activate and desensitize nAChRs. Activation of nAChRs has been shown to modulate many systems associated with stress response including stress hormone pathways, monoaminergic transmission and release of classical neurotransmitters throughout the brain. Local administration studies in animals have identified brain areas that may be involved in the anxiogenic and anxiolytic actions of nicotine including the lateral septum, the dorsal raphe nuclei, the mesolimbic dopamine system and the hippocampus. The ensemble of studies to date suggest that under certain conditions nicotine can act as an anxiolytic and an antidepressant, but that following chronic use, adaptations to nicotine can occur resulting in increased anxiety and depression following withdrawal.
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In the citing paper
“Similarly, a large proportion of smokers report that they smoke to control symptoms of anxiety and depression (Picciotto et al. 2002), and the rate of smoking in individuals with affective disorders is more than double the rate in the general population (Kalman et al. 2005).”
From Mechanisms of Nicotine Addiction (2021) · cites this paper as Picciotto et al. 2002
In the citing paper
“However, the elevated-zero maze has been found to yield diverse and conflicting results with nicotinic compounds (Picciotto et al., 2002).”
From Nicotinic Partial Agonists Varenicline and Sazetidine-A Have Differential Effects on Affective Behavior (2010) · cites this paper as Picciotto et al., 2002
In the citing paper
“At the behavioral level, nicotine's effects on DRN neurons mediate anxiogenic and anxiolytic effects following nicotine administration and during nicotine withdrawal (Cheeta et al., 2001; Picciotto et al., 2002).”
From Mood and anxiety regulation by nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: A potential pathway to modulate aggression and related behavioral states (2015) · cites this paper as Picciotto et al., 2002
In the citing paper
“Clinical data on the role of nicotine in anxiety is more complex, with the most consistent findings being the development of anxiety symptoms in the context of withdrawal, and the observation that these symptoms may improve with nicotine replacement (Picciotto et al., 2002).”
From Mood and anxiety regulation by nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: A potential pathway to modulate aggression and related behavioral states (2015) · cites this paper as Picciotto et al., 2002
Citations
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Acetylcholine as a Neuromodulator: Cholinergic Signaling Shapes Nervous System Function and Behavior
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Metadata
- Authors
- Picciotto, M. R., Brunzell, D. H., & Caldarone, B. J.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- Venue
- Neuroreport
- Published
- 2002-07
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1097-1106
- ISSN
- 0959-4965 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2080934698
- Cited by
- 483
- References
- 161
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 30 · 2012: 30
- FWCI
- 0.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neuroreport (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA14241, DA84733, DA 00436)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- nicotine, nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, anxiety, depression, anxiolytic effects, anxiogenic effects, stress response, nicotine withdrawal, receptor desensitization, monoaminergic transmission, lateral septum, dorsal raphe nucleus, mesolimbic dopamine system, hippocampus, smoking
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Anxiety, Brain, Brain Chemistry, Depression, Humans, Neural Pathways, Nicotine, Receptors, Nicotinic, Stress, Physiological, Tobacco Use Disorder, Neurotransmitter Agents
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