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Cited by 137Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchChild Abuse and TraumaPsychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending

Violence Exposure, Posttraumatic Stress, and Personality in Juvenile Delinquents

RUCHKIN, VLADISLAV V., SCHWAB-STONE, MARY, KOPOSOV, ROMAN, VERMEIREN, ROBERT, STEINER, HANS·2002·Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
DOI 10.1097/00004583-200203000-00012
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Abstract

Objective To assess posttraumatic stress and its relationship to comorbid psychopathology, violence exposure, and personality traits in Russian male juvenile delinquents.Method Posttraumatic stress and comorbid psychopathology were assessed by a semistructured psychiatric interview (Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version) in 370 delinquent youths during winter-spring of 1999. In addition, violence exposure, personality, and psychopathology were assessed by self-reports.Results Most delinquents reported some degree of posttraumatic stress: 156 subjects (42%) fulfilled partial criteria and 87 (25%) fulfilled full DSM-IV criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Violence-related experiences (witnessing and victimization) were the most common types of trauma. Higher levels of posttraumatic stress were accompanied by higher rates of comorbid psychopathology, with the most striking differences occurring between the groups with full versus partial PTSD criteria. Violence exposure was related to temperamental behavior activation (novelty seeking), whereas PTSD symptom scores were predominantly related to behavior inhibition and poor coping (high harm avoidance and low self-directedness).Conclusions Similar to findings from American samples, Russian juvenile delinquents represent a severely traumatized population, mainly due to high levels of violence exposure. Those with full PTSD are the most severely traumatized and have highest rates of psychopathology, as compared to those with no or partial PTSD, and they require the most clinical attention and rehabilitation. Both exposure to violence and levels of posttraumatic stress are related to personality traits, which influence degree of exposure and individual perception of stress. The latter should be considered in individualized approaches to rehabilitation.

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  • PTSS have been found to mediate the effects of violence exposure on delinquent behaviors.

    “PTSS have been found to mediate the effects of violence exposure on aggression (Allwood & Bell, 2008), violence (Jones et al., 2020), delinquent behaviors (Ruchkin et al., 2002), and substance abuse (Watt et al., 2012).”

    From Childhood Physical Abuse and Antisocial Traits: Mediating Role of Posttraumatic Stress Symptom Clusters (2022) · cites this paper as Ruchkin et al., 2002

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Authors
RUCHKIN, V. V., SCHWAB-STONE, M., KOPOSOV, R., VERMEIREN, R., & STEINER, H.
Affiliations
University of Antwerp (BE)
Corresponding author
RUCHKIN, VLADISLAV V.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2002-03
Volume
41
Issue
3
Pages
322-329
ISSN
0890-8567 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1097/00004583-200203000-00012
OpenAlex
W2035159537
Cited by
137
References
42
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 16
FWCI
9.74
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending
Keywords
post-traumatic stress disorder, violence exposure, juvenile delinquency, personality traits, comorbid psychopathology, trauma, witnessing violence, victimization, behavioral inhibition, novelty seeking, harm avoidance, self-direction, Russian youth
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Humans, Juvenile Delinquency, Male, Personality Disorders, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Temperament, Violence, Comorbidity, Prevalence

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