The DOI matches its Crossref record; 337 of the 337 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Neuroanatomy of the Pain System and of the Pathways That Modulate Pain
Open accessAbstract
We review many of the recent findings concerning mechanisms and pathways for pain and its modulation, emphasizing sensitization and the modulation of nociceptors and of dorsal horn nociceptive neurons. We describe the organization of several ascending nociceptive pathways, including the spinothalamic, spinomesencephalic, spinoreticular, spinolimbic, spinocervical, and postsynaptic dorsal column pathways in some detail and discuss nociceptive processing in the thalamus and cerebral cortex. Structures involved in the descending analgesia systems, including the periaqueductal gray, locus ceruleus, and parabrachial area, nucleus raphe magnus, reticular formation, anterior pretectal nucleus, thalamus and cerebral cortex, and several components of the limbic system are described and the pathways and neurotransmitters utilized are mentioned. Finally, we speculate on possible fruitful lines of research that might lead to improvements in therapy for pain.
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“the presence of multiple ascending pathways with different brain targets [12] and complex modulatory circuitry [89] makes it difficult to identify spinal responses simply with nociception.”
From Distinct Brain Systems Mediate the Effects of Nociceptive Input and Self-Regulation on Pain (2015) · cites this paper as [12]
In the citing paper
“Critically, none of these regions are primary ‘pain-processing’ regions36,42.”
From Separate neural representations for physical pain and social rejection (2014) · cites this paper as [42]
Citations
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
How do you feel? Interoception: The sense of the physiological condition of the body
Craig, A. D. (2002) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn894 · Cited by 6,006
Non-motor features of Parkinson disease
Schapira, A. H. V., Chaudhuri, K. R., & Jenner, P. (2017) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn.2017.62 · Cited by 2,053
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Wager, T. D., & Atlas, L. Y. (2015) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn3976 · Cited by 844
Metadata
- Authors
- Willis, W. D., & Westlund, K. N.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston (US)
- Corresponding author
- Willis, W. D.
- ORCID
- Westlund, K. N.
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology
- Published
- 1997-01
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 2-31
- ISSN
- 0736-0258 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7859971
- OpenAlex
- W1998138279
- Cited by
- 924
- References
- 337
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 31 · 2014: 29 · 2013: 42 · 2012: 37
- FWCI
- 3.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS032778, P01NS011255)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Treatment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Pain Management and Placebo Effect
- Keywords
- pain system, nociception, descending pain modulation, nociceptor sensitization, spinothalamic tract, spinocervical tract, dorsal column pathway, thalamus, cerebral cortex, periaqueductal gray, locus coeruleus, parabrachial area, nucleus raphe magnus, reticular formation, anterior pretectal nucleus, limbic system, neurotransmitters, pain management
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Brain, Brain Mapping, Humans, Medulla Oblongata, Neurons, Nociceptors, Pain, Spinal Cord, Spinothalamic Tracts, Thalamus
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