Ear Projection and the Posterior Auricular Muscle Insertion
Abstract
Prominent ears is a common congenital anomaly affecting approximately 5 percent of the general population. The etiology has been attributed to three basic deformities in the ear structure: valgus of the concha with a cranioauricular angle greater than 40 degrees, underfolding of the anthelix, and rarely, hypertrophy of the concha. It is believed that by virtue of its insertion onto the ponticulus, the cranial surface of the concha, the posterior auricular muscle may function to pull the auricle back toward the head. A proximally (anteromedially) displaced insertion site would decrease the length of the effective momentum of the muscle, leading to protrusion of the auricle. This study was conducted to determine if indeed a relationship between the posterior muscle insertion site and ear projection could be established clinically by measuring these parameters intraoperatively in patients presenting for otoplasty and in patients without prominent ears who required conchal cartilage grafts for other procedures.
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The pathogenesis of deformations is unknown, but believed to be caused by external pressure or abnormal ear muscle development, or genetic predisposition.
“The pathogenesis of deformations is unknown, but it is believed that they are caused by either external pressure or abnormal ear muscle development, or genetic predisposition.7–10”
From Non-surgical Correction of Congenital Ear Anomalies: A Review of the Literature (2020) · cites this paper as [10]
Prominence may occur during the first year of life due to lying supine or may be related to ear muscle development.
“Lastly, prominence may occur during the first year of life due to lying supine or may be related to ear muscle development.8,10,32,54”
From Non-surgical Correction of Congenital Ear Anomalies: A Review of the Literature (2020) · cites this paper as [10]
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進行性卵巣がんにおける低用量シスプラスチン,クロラムブシルと低用量シスプラチン,クロラムブシル,ドキシルビシンの無作為比較試験
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- Authors
- Guyuron, B., & DeLuca, L.
- Affiliations
- Case Western Reserve University (US)
- ORCID
- Guyuron, Bahman
- Venue
- Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery
- Published
- 1997-08
- Volume
- 100
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 457-460
- ISSN
- 0032-1052 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1974981591
- Cited by
- 66
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 0.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Reconstructive Facial Surgery Techniques
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Genetics › Congenital Ear and Nasal Anomalies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Nasal Surgery and Airway Studies
- Keywords
- prominent ears, otoplasty, conchal cartilage graft, auricle
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Child, Child, Preschool, Ear, External, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Muscles, Surgery, Plastic
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