The effect of laboratory stressors on glycemic control and gastrointestinal transit time
Abstract
This study compared effects of an active coping task (computerized stressors involving arithmetic, anagrams, and Atari games) and a passive coping task (cold pressor) on gastrointestinal transit time and glycemic response to an oral glucose load. Eleven normal weight males were studied; subjects participated in three counterbalanced sessions, each including a 45-minute baseline, 20-minute experimental period (active coping, passive coping, or nonstress control) and 2.5-hour recovery period. The stressors produced different cardiovascular and catecholamine responses; systolic and diastolic blood pressure were highest during cold pressor (p less than 0.001), heart rate was highest during computer stressor (p less than 0.001), and norepinephrine excretion was greatest during cold pressor (p less than 0.002). However, both stressors delayed gastrointestinal transit time compared with the control condition (p less than 0.009 and p less than 0.026 for cold pressor and computerized stressor, respectively) and both delayed the time of peak glucose response (p less than 0.002 and p less than 0.05, respectively). Implications of these findings for patients with diabetes and for effects of stress on eating behavior are discussed.
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A fall in gastric emptying may account for part of the lower postprandial glucose seen with cinnamon.
“This finding could indicate that the reduction in the postprandial blood glucose response seen after the ingestion of cinnamon could be partly explained by an accompanying reduction in gastric emptying, because the rate of gastric emptying acts as a major factor in blood glucose homeostasis in normal subjects by controlling the delivery of carbohydrate to the small intestine (6, 7).”
From Effect of cinnamon on postprandial blood glucose, gastric emptying, and satiety in healthy subjects (2007) · cites this paper as [7]
Gastric emptying is a key determinant of blood glucose control in normal subjects because it governs how quickly carbohydrate reaches the small intestine.
“because the rate of gastric emptying acts as a major factor in blood glucose homeostasis in normal subjects by controlling the delivery of carbohydrate to the small intestine (6, 7).”
From Effect of cinnamon on postprandial blood glucose, gastric emptying, and satiety in healthy subjects (2007) · cites this paper as [7]
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- Authors
- Blair, E. H., Wing, R. R., & Wald, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Venue
- Psychosomatic Medicine
- Published
- 1991-03
- Volume
- 53
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 133-143
- ISSN
- 0033-3174 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2328599023
- Cited by
- 35
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2021: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 2.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychosomatic Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01dk029757-15)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01 DK 29757)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Keywords
- laboratory stress, gastrointestinal transit time, glycemic control, oral glucose tolerance, cold pressor stress, active coping, passive coping, catecholamines, norepinephrine, blood pressure, heart rate, diabetes mellitus, dietary habits
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Arousal, Blood Glucose, Blood Pressure, Gastrointestinal Transit, Heart Rate, Humans, Male, Problem Solving, Social Environment
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