The DOI matches its Crossref record; 46 of the 46 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Testosterone action on skeletal muscle
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To highlight recent data demonstrating direct anabolic effects of androgens on the mammalian skeletal muscle and review the mechanisms by which testosterone regulates body composition. RECENT FINDINGS: Testosterone increases lean body mass and decreases fat mass in young men; the magnitude of the changes induced by testosterone in lean and fat mass are correlated with testosterone dose and the prevalent testosterone concentrations. Older men are as responsive to the anabolic effects of testosterone on the muscle as young men, but have increased frequency of adverse events with higher testosterone doses. This reciprocal change in lean and fat mass induced by androgens is best explained by the hypothesis that androgens promote the commitment of mesenchymal pluripotent cells into myogenic lineage and inhibit adipogenesis through an androgen receptor mediated pathway. Resident muscle satellite cells increase in number with testosterone administration forming myoblasts leading to greater numbers of myonuclei in larger myofibers. Testosterone administration is associated with increased size of motor neurons. The roles of 5-alpha reduction and aromatization of testosterone into dihydrotestosterone and estradiol, respectively, in mediating testosterone effects on body composition are poorly understood. SUMMARY: Testosterone induces skeletal muscle hypertrophy by multiple mechanisms, including its effects in modulating the commitment of pluripotent mesenchymal cells. These changes in skeletal muscle lead to improved muscle strength and leg power; however, further studies are needed to determine the effects of testosterone on physical function and health-related outcomes in sarcopenia associated with aging and chronic illness.
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“These studies did not report muscle strength, but other studies of testosterone dose-response relationships for muscle mass and strength show consistently positively correlation (65, 93, 117, 119), although with disproportionately greater effect on muscle strength than on muscle mass.”
From Circulating Testosterone as the Hormonal Basis of Sex Differences in Athletic Performance (2018) · cites this paper as [93]
In the citing paper
“These studies did not report muscle strength, but other studies of testosterone dose-response relationships for muscle mass and strength show consistently positively correlation (65, 93, 117, 119), although with disproportionately greater effect on muscle strength than on muscle mass.”
From Circulating Testosterone as the Hormonal Basis of Sex Differences in Athletic Performance (2018) · cites this paper as [93]
Citations
Cites
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Sinha-Hikim, I., Artaza, J., Woodhouse, L., Gonzalez-Cadavid, N., Singh, A. B., Lee, M. I., Storer, T. W., Casaburi, R., Shen, R., & Bhasin, S. (2002) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00502.2001 · Cited by 464
Self-citationTransfection of a DNA locus that mediates the conversion of 10T12 fibroblasts to myoblasts
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Self-citationWittert, G., Chapman, I. M., Haren, M. T., Mackintosh, S. F., Coates, P. S., & Morley, J. E. (2003) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/58.7.m618 · Cited by 342
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Satellite Cells and the Muscle Stem Cell Niche
Yin, H., Price, F., & Rudnicki, M. A. (2013) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00043.2011 · Cited by 2,166
“During aging, systemic levels of androgens decline, which is concomitant with a loss in muscle mass and a gain in fat mass (228, 544).”
BackgroundHuh, J. Y., Panagiotou, G., Mougios, V., Brinkoetter, M., Vamvini, M. T., Schneider, B. E., & Mantzoros, C. S. (2012) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2012.09.002 · Cited by 1,040
“Estradiol and testosterone also induce protein anabolism inmuscle [26,27].”
BackgroundCirculating Testosterone as the Hormonal Basis of Sex Differences in Athletic Performance
Handelsman, D. J., Hirschberg, A. L., & Bermon, S. (2018) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2018-00020 · Cited by 594
Cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying age-related skeletal muscle wasting and weakness
Ryall, J. G., Schertzer, J. D., & Lynch, G. S. (2008) · Biogerontology · doi:10.1007/s10522-008-9131-0 · Cited by 423
“Testosterone and its precursors Well-controlled, double-blinded studies have demonstrated unequivocally that androgens, such as testosterone, regulate muscle mass in humans (Herbst and Bhasin 2004).”
BackgroundUse of doping agents, particularly anabolic steroids, in sports and society
Sjöqvist, F., Garle, M., & Rane, A. (2008) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(08)60801-6 · Cited by 349
Metadata
- Authors
- Herbst, K. L., & Bhasin, S.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bhasin, Shalender
- Venue
- Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care
- Published
- 2004-05
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 271-277
- ISSN
- 1363-1950 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2095240081
- Cited by
- 457
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 38 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 2.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Keywords
- testosterone, skeletal muscle hypertrophy, androgen action, body composition, lean body mass, fat mass, androgen receptor, mesenchymal differentiation, myogenesis, adipogenesis, satellite cells, myonuclei, motor neurons, dihydrotestosterone, estradiol, aging, sarcopenia, muscle strength, leg power
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Animals, Body Composition, Female, Humans, Male, Testosterone, Muscle, Skeletal, Muscle Development, Pluripotent Stem Cells
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