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Cited by 146Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentMaternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and PostpartumMental Health Treatment and Access

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 64 of the 64 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Predictors and Correlates of High Levels of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms Among Children at Age 10

Leech, Sharon L, Larkby, Cynthia A, Day, Richard, Day, Nancy L·2006·Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
DOI 10.1097/01.chi.0000184930.18552.4d
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Abstract

Objective To identify factors that predict or are correlated with symptoms of depression and anxiety in 10-year-olds.Method Women and their offspring were followed from the fourth prenatal month through 10 years. There were 636 mother-child pairs at 10 years, a follow-up rate of 83% of the birth cohort. Cognitive, psychological, sociodemographic, and environmental factors were measured at each phase. High depression and anxiety were defined as having a number of symptoms >1 SD above the mean for each measure. These measures were combined to represent high depression and/or anxiety (D/A) at 10 years of age.Results Predictors from the prenatal period of D/A at 10 years were more maternal depression symptoms, African American race, less social support, greater household density, and prenatal marijuana exposure. From 18 months through 6 years, lower child IQ, child injuries at age 3, and attention problems predicted symptoms of D/A at age 10. Across all study phases, lower child IQ, household density during pregnancy, attention problems, early childhood injuries, and prenatal marijuana exposure predicted D/A. Maternal psychological and sociodemographic factors were not significant in the final model.Conclusions Factors from gestation and early childhood predict high symptom levels of depression and anxiety at age 10. When gestational exposure, early environmental factors, and child characteristics were considered, maternal depression and socioeconomic status were not significantly associated with early onset D/A. Marijuana exposure during gestation marginally predicted depression/anxiety at age 10.

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Metadata

Authors
Leech, S. L., Larkby, C. A., Day, R., & Day, N. L.
Affiliations
University of Pittsburgh (US)
Corresponding author
Day, Nancy L
ORCID
Day, Richard
Venue
Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2006-02
Volume
45
Issue
2
Pages
223-230
ISSN
0890-8567 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1097/01.chi.0000184930.18552.4d
OpenAlex
W1972770398
Cited by
144
References
62
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 4
FWCI
12.55
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5r01da003209-04)
  • National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (AA06666, R01AA006666)
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA03209, R01DA003874, DA 03874)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Keywords
childhood depression, childhood anxiety, prenatal cannabis exposure, maternal depression, child IQ, attention deficits, household density, social support, African American children, socioeconomic status, birth cohort
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Ethanol, Anxiety Disorders, Cannabis, Child, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Mothers, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Risk Factors, United States, Logistic Models, Age of Onset

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