The DOI matches its Crossref record; 32 of the 32 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Ambient Air Pollution and Respiratory Emergency Department Visits
Abstract
BACKGROUND: A number of emergency department studies have corroborated findings from mortality and hospital admission studies regarding an association of ambient air pollution and respiratory outcomes. More refined assessment has been limited by study size and available air quality data. METHODS: Measurements of 5 pollutants (particulate matter [PM10], ozone, nitrogen dioxide [NO2], carbon monoxide [CO], and sulfur dioxide [SO2]) were available for the entire study period (1 January 1993 to 31 August 2000); detailed measurements of particulate matter were available for 25 months. We obtained data on 4 million emergency department visits from 31 hospitals in Atlanta. Visits for asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, upper respiratory infection, and pneumonia were assessed in relation to air pollutants using Poisson generalized estimating equations. RESULTS: In single-pollutant models examining 3-day moving averages of pollutants (lags 0, 1, and 2): standard deviation increases of ozone, NO2, CO, and PM10 were associated with 1-3% increases in URI visits; a 2 microg/m increase of PM2.5 organic carbon was associated with a 3% increase in pneumonia visits; and standard deviation increases of NO2 and CO were associated with 2-3% increases in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease visits. Positive associations persisted beyond 3 days for several of the outcomes, and over a week for asthma. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study contribute to the evidence of an association of several correlated gaseous and particulate pollutants, including ozone, NO2, CO, PM, and organic carbon, with specific respiratory conditions.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
(2005) · Statistics for Biology and Health · doi:10.1007/0-387-27255-0_9 · Cited by 20,133
Brown, R. A., Hastie, T. J., & Tibshirani, R. J. (1991) · Biometrics · doi:10.2307/2532174 · Cited by 8,176
Longitudinal Data Analysis for Discrete and Continuous Outcomes
Zeger, S. L., & Liang, K.-Y. (1986) · Biometrics · doi:10.2307/2531248 · Cited by 7,764
Generalized Linear Models (2nd ed.).
Therneau, T. M., McCullagh, P., & Nelder, J. A. (1993) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.2307/2290358 · Cited by 4,907
Hastie, T., & Tibshirani, R. (2014) · Wiley StatsRef: Statistics Reference Online · doi:10.1002/9781118445112.stat03141 · Cited by 3,156
Acute Respiratory Effects of Particulate Air Pollution
Dockery, D. W., & Pope, C. A. (1994) · Annual Review of Public Health · doi:10.1146/annurev.pu.15.050194.000543 · Cited by 2,177
Pope, C. A. (2000) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.108-1637679 · Cited by 996
(1996) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/ajrccm.153.2.8564086 · Cited by 875
On the use of generalized additive models in time-series studies of air pollution and health
Dominici, F. (2002) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwf062 · Cited by 728
Samet, J. M., Zeger, S. L., Dominici, F., Curriero, F. C., Coursac, I., Dockery, D. W., Schwartz, J. D., & Zanobetti, A. (2000) · PubMed · Cited by 704
Cited by
Adverse health effects of outdoor air pollutants
Curtis, L., Rea, W., Smith-Willis, P., Fenyves, E., & Pan, Y. (2006) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2006.03.012 · Cited by 579
Fine particulate air pollution and mortality in nine California counties: results from CALFINE
Ostro, B., Broadwin, R., Green, S., Feng, W.-Y., & Lipsett, M. (2006) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.8335 · Cited by 425
Fang, T., Verma, V., Bates, J. T., Abrams, J., Klein, M., Strickland, M. J., Sarnat, S. E., Chang, H. H., Mulholland, J. A., Tolbert, P. E., et al. (2016) · Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics · doi:10.5194/acp-16-3865-2016 · Cited by 373
Self-citationStrickland, M. J., Darrow, L. A., Klein, M., Flanders, W. D., Sarnat, J. A., Waller, L. A., Sarnat, S. E., Mulholland, J. A., & Tolbert, P. E. (2010) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.200908-1201oc · Cited by 349
Self-citationEffects of climate change on environmental factors in respiratory allergic diseases
D'Amato, G., & Cecchi, L. (2008) · Clinical & Experimental Allergy · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2008.03033.x · Cited by 286
Metadata
- Authors
- Peel, J. L., Tolbert, P. E., Klein, M., Metzger, K. B., Flanders, W. D., Todd, K., Mulholland, J. A., Ryan, P. B., & Frumkin, H.
- Venue
- Epidemiology
- Published
- 2005-03
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 164-174
- ISSN
- 1044-3983 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2083215156
- Cited by
- 485
- References
- 32
- FWCI
- 20.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Ambient Air Pollution and Respiratory Emergency Department Visits. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1097/01.ede.0000152905.42113.db
- The paper
- Peel, J. L., Tolbert, P. E., Klein, M., Metzger, K. B., Flanders, W. D., Todd, K., Mulholland, J. A., Ryan, P. B., & Frumkin, H. (2005). Ambient Air Pollution and Respiratory Emergency Department Visits. Epidemiology. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ede.0000152905.42113.db
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
