Fine particulate air pollution and mortality in nine California counties: results from CALFINE
Open accessAbstract
Many epidemiologic studies provide evidence of an association between daily counts of mortality and ambient particulate matter<10 microm in diameter (PM10). Relatively few studies, however, have investigated the relationship of mortality with fine particles [PM<2.5 microm in diameter (PM2.5)], especially in a multicity setting. We examined associations between PM2.5 and daily mortality in nine heavily populated California counties using data from 1999 through 2002. We considered daily counts of all-cause mortality and several cause-specific subcategories (respiratory, cardiovascular, ischemic heart disease, and diabetes). We also examined these associations among several subpopulations, including the elderly (>65 years of age), males, females, non-high school graduates, whites, and Hispanics. We used Poisson multiple regression models incorporating natural or penalized splines to control for covariates that could affect daily counts of mortality, including time, seasonality, temperature, humidity, and day of the week. We used meta-analyses using random-effects models to pool the observations in all nine counties. The analysis revealed associations of PM2.5 levels with several mortality categories. Specifically, a 10-microg/m3 change in 2-day average PM2.5 concentration corresponded to a 0.6% (95% confidence interval, 0.2-1.0%) increase in all-cause mortality, with similar or greater effect estimates for several other subpopulations and mortality subcategories, including respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, age>65 years, females, deaths out of the hospital, and non-high school graduates. Results were generally insensitive to model specification and the type of spline model used. This analysis adds to the growing body of evidence linking PM2.5 with daily mortality.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Previous work on this issue has focused primarily on PM10, although strong mortality associations have been demonstrated for the fine fraction.
“Previous work on this issue has focused primarily on PM10, although strong mortality associations have been demonstrated for the fine fraction (Kan et al. 2007; Ostro et al. 2006; Schwartz et al. 1996).”
From Potential confounding of particulate matter on the short-term association between ozone and mortality in multisite time-series studies (2007) · cites this paper as Ostro et al. 2006
In Shanghai, PM2.5 was more strongly associated with cardio-respiratory mortality than with all-cause mortality.
“Our study confirmed previous findings that fine particle was more strongly associated with cardio-respiratory mortality than with all-cause mortality risk (Ostro et al. 2006; Stolzel et al. 2006; Wichmann et al. 2000).”
From Differentiating the effects of fine and coarse particles on daily mortality in Shanghai, China (2007) · cites this paper as Ostro et al. 2006
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Lung cancer, cardiopulmonary mortality, and long-term exposure to fine particulate air pollution
Pope III, C. A. (2002) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.287.9.1132 · Cited by 8,447 · see citing works
Brown, R. A., Hastie, T. J., & Tibshirani, R. J. (1991) · Biometrics · doi:10.2307/2532174 · Cited by 8,262 · see citing works
International Classification of Diseases
Jones, F. A. (1978) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.19.12.1175 · Cited by 2,919 · see citing works
Ruppert, D., WAND, M. P., & Carroll, R. J. (2003) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511755453 · Cited by 2,153 · see citing works
Is Daily Mortality Associated Specifically with Fine Particles?
Schwartz, J., Dockery, D. W., & Neas, L. M. (1996) · Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association · doi:10.1080/10473289.1996.10467528 · Cited by 1,561 · see citing works
Modelling and Smoothing Parameter Estimation With Multiple Quadratic Penalties
Wood, S. N. (2000) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B (Statistical Methodology) · doi:10.1111/1467-9868.00240 · Cited by 727 · see citing works
Samet, J. M., Zeger, S. L., Dominici, F., Curriero, F. C., Coursac, I., Dockery, D. W., Schwartz, J. D., & Zanobetti, A. (2000) · PubMed · Cited by 698 · see citing works
Ambient Air Pollution and Respiratory Emergency Department Visits
Peel, J. L., Tolbert, P. E., Klein, M., Metzger, K. B., Flanders, W. D., Todd, K. H., Mulholland, J. A., Ryan, P. B., & Frumkin, H. (2005) · Epidemiology · doi:10.1097/01.ede.0000152905.42113.db · Cited by 486 · see citing works
The national morbidity, mortality, and air pollution study
Dominici, F., Zanobetti, A., Zeger, S. L., Schwartz, J. D., & Samet, J. M. (2000) · Cited by 356 · see citing works
The temporal pattern of respiratory and heart disease mortality in response to air pollution
Zanobetti, A., Schwartz, J., Samoli, E., Gryparis, A., Touloumi, G., Peacock, J., Anderson, R. H., Le Tertre, A., Bobros, J., Celko, M., et al. (2003) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.5712 · Cited by 300 · see citing works
Cardiovascular Damage by Airborne Particles: Are Diabetics More Susceptible?
Zanobetti, A., & Schwartz, J. D. (2002) · Epidemiology · doi:10.1097/00001648-200209000-00016 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Effect of Air Pollution on Daily Mortality in Hong Kong
Wong, C., Ma, S., Hedley, A. J., & Lam, T. (2001) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.01109335 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
Luís Ferreira Braga, A., Zanobetti, A., & Schwartz, J. (2001) · Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1097/00043764-200111000-00001 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Mortality and ambient fine particles in southwest Mexico City, 1993-1995.
Borja‐Aburto, V. H., Castillejos, M., Gold, D. R., Bierzwinski, S., & LOOMIS, D. P. (1998) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.106-1533229 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Schwartz, J. (2000) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.00108563 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
The Association between Daily Mortality and Ambient Air Particle Pollution in Montreal, Quebec
Goldberg, M. S., Burnett, R. T., Bailar, J. C., Brook, J. R., Bonvalot, Y., Tamblyn, R. M., Singh, R., Valois, M., & Vincent, R. (2001) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1006/enrs.2001.4243 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Effects of Air Pollution on Emergency Room Visits for Respiratory Illnesses in Montreal, Quebec
Delfino, R. J., Murphy-Moulton, A. M., Burnett, R. T., Brook, J. R., & Becklake, M. R. (1997) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/ajrccm.155.2.9032196 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Schlesinger, R. B., & Cassee, F. R. (2003) · Inhalation Toxicology · doi:10.1080/08958370304503 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Anderson, H., Atkinson, R., Peacock, J., Sweeting, M., & Marston, L. (2005) · Epidemiology · doi:10.1097/01.ede.0000152528.22746.0f · Cited by 141 · see citing works
The Impact of Particulate Matter on Daily Mortality in Bangkok, Thailand
Ostro, B. D., Chestnut, L. G., Vichit‐Vadakan, N., & Laixuthai, A. (1999) · Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association · doi:10.1080/10473289.1999.10463875 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Contribution of Respiratory Disease to Nonrespiratory Mortality Associations with Air Pollution
Leon, S. F. D., Thurston, G. D., & Ito, K. (2003) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.200205-409oc · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Mortality and air pollution in metropolitan Helsinki, 1988--1996.
Penttinen, P. M., Tiittanen, P., & Pekkanen, J. (2004) · PubMed · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Spatial and temporal characterization of particulate matter.
Blanchard, C. L. (2003) · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Health Effects of Fine Particulate Air Pollution: Lines that Connect
Pope, C. A., & Dockery, D. W. (2006) · Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association · doi:10.1080/10473289.2006.10464485 · Cited by 6,678 · see citing works
Brook, R. D., Rajagopalan, S., Pope, C. A., Brook, J. R., Bhatnagar, A., Diez-Roux, A. V., Holguin, F., Hong, Y., Luepker, R. V., Mittleman, M. A., et al. (2010) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0b013e3181dbece1 · Cited by 6,548 · see citing works
Clearing the Air: A Review of the Effects of Particulate Matter Air Pollution on Human Health
Anderson, J. O., Thundiyil, J. G., & Stolbach, A. I. (2011) · Journal of Medical Toxicology · doi:10.1007/s13181-011-0203-1 · Cited by 1,781 · see citing works
The impact of PM2.5 on the human respiratory system.
Xing, Y. F., Xu, Y., Shi, M.-H., & Lian, Y. X. (2016) · PubMed Central · doi:10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2016.01.19 · Cited by 1,739 · see citing works
“5 causes asthma, respiratory inflammation, jeopardizes lung functions and even promotes cancers, its impact on human respiratory system should not be dismissed (3-5).”
BackgroundValavanidis, A., Fiotakis, K., & Vlachogianni, T. (2008) · Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part C · doi:10.1080/10590500802494538 · Cited by 1,491 · see citing works
“Similar results of increases in mortality (all-causes and cardiovascular/cardiopulmonary) from long-term exposures in particulate air pollution were estimated in the United States ( 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 ).”
ResultKelly, F. J., & Fussell, J. C. (2012) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.06.039 · Cited by 1,286 · see citing works
(2014) · doi:10.1007/s11356-014-3696-8 · Cited by 946 · see citing works
“Several epidemiology studies have correlated adverse health responses with the presence of specific chemical species like carbonaceous material (Kelly and Fussell 2012; Lipfert et al. 2006; Ostro et al. 2006; WHO 2013) and trace elements (heavy metals) (Kelly and Fussell 2012; Ostro et al.”
BackgroundPM 2.5 in China: Measurements, sources, visibility and health effects, and mitigation
Pui, D. Y. H., Chen, S.-C., & Zuo, Z. (2014) · Particuology · doi:10.1016/j.partic.2013.11.001 · Cited by 821 · see citing works
Air pollution and public health: emerging hazards and improved understanding of risk
Kelly, F., & Fussell, J. C. (2015) · Environmental Geochemistry and Health · doi:10.1007/s10653-015-9720-1 · Cited by 845 · see citing works
“…this association, including effects observed at lower concentrations (mean 8.7 lg/m3; interquartile range 6.2 lg/m3), whilst the emerging multicity cities have confirmed previously reported increases in daily mortality (Ostro et al. 2006; Naess et al. 2007; Crouse et al. 2012; Meister et al. 2012).”
BackgroundInfluentialAssociation of short-term exposure to air pollution with mortality in older adults
Di, Q., Dai, L., Wang, Y., Zanobetti, A., Choirat, C., Schwartz, J. D., & Dominici, F. (2017) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2017.17923 · Cited by 698 · see citing works
Health effects of particulate air pollution: A review of epidemiological evidence
Rückerl, R., Schneider, A. E., Breitner, S., Cyrys, J., & Peters, A. (2011) · Inhalation Toxicology · doi:10.3109/08958378.2011.593587 · Cited by 652 · see citing works
“Moreover, the elderly and those with a lower socioeconomic status (SES) have been identified to be especially susceptible to particulate air pollutants (Forastiere et al., 2005; Forastiere et al., 2007; Ostro et al., 2006).”
BackgroundThe Effect of Fine and Coarse Particulate Air Pollution on Mortality: A National Analysis
Zanobetti, A., & Schwartz, J. D. (2009) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.0800108 · Cited by 642 · see citing works
“Ostro et al. (2006) examined the associa tions between PM2.”
Particulate Matter–Induced Health Effects: Who Is Susceptible?
Sacks, J. D., Stanek, L. W., Luben, T. J., Johns, D. O., Buckley, B. J., Brown, J. S., & Ross, M. (2010) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.1002255 · Cited by 558 · see citing works
“Similarly, associa tions between shortterm exposure to PM10–2.5 and nonaccidental and cardiovascular mortality were stronger among females than among males (Malig and Ostro 2009).”
BackgroundInfluentialZanobetti, A., Franklin, M., Koutrakis, P., & Schwartz, J. D. (2009) · Environmental Health · doi:10.1186/1476-069x-8-58 · Cited by 510 · see citing works
“5 and mortality [16-21] is relatively sparse.”
Kannan, S., Misra, D. P., Dvonch, J. T., & Krishnakumar, A. (2006) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.9081 · Cited by 505 · see citing works
“Other investigators have cited the potential importance of nutrition as a buffering or synergistic factor with regard to PM-induced cardiovascular responses (Hennig et al. 2005; Ostro et al. 2006; Schwartz 2001).”
BackgroundHealth Effects of Organic Aerosols
Mauderly, J. L., & Chow, J. C. (2008) · Inhalation Toxicology · doi:10.1080/08958370701866008 · Cited by 494 · see citing works
“Ostro et al. (2006) examined associations between daily mortality in nine California counties and components of PM2.”
BackgroundCao, J., Xu, H., Xu, Q., Chen, B., & Kan, H. (2012) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.1103671 · Cited by 469 · see citing works
“5 and daily mortality in developed countries (Franklin et al. 2007; Ostro et al. 2006; Ueda et al. 2009; Zanobetti and Schwartz 2009), our estimations of the associations of PM2.”
BackgroundGeneralized additive models: Building evidence of air pollution, climate change and human health
Ravindra, K., Rattan, P., Mor, S., & Aggarwal, A. N. (2019) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.104987 · Cited by 464 · see citing works
Bølling, A. K., Pagels, J., Yttri, K. E., Barregård, L., Sällsten, G., Schwarze, P. E., & Boman, C. (2009) · Particle and Fibre Toxicology · doi:10.1186/1743-8977-6-29 · Cited by 426 · see citing works
“Background Exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) has been associated with a range of negative health effects, including increased morbidity and mortality from pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases [1-3].”
Hu, J., Wang, Y., Ying, Q., & Zhang, H. (2014) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.07.019 · Cited by 423 · see citing works
“Sustained exposure to high PM air pollution level has significant health effects (Correia et al., 2013; Dockery, 2001; Dockery et al., 1993; Fann et al., 2012; Franklin et al., 2007; Ito et al., 2011; Ostro et al., 2006).”
BackgroundOstro, B. D., Feng, W.-Y., Broadwin, R., Green, S., & Lipsett, M. (2006) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.9281 · Cited by 420 · see citing works
Basu, R., & Ostro, B. D. (2008) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwn170 · Cited by 364 · see citing works
“Air pollutants were not considered in these analyses, since we found no indication of significant confounding or effect modification by ozone, particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, or carbon monoxide using the same data as in a previous study (10).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialKloog, I., Koutrakis, P., Coull, B. A., Lee, H. J., & Schwartz, J. D. (2011) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.08.066 · Cited by 356 · see citing works
Differentiating the effects of fine and coarse particles on daily mortality in Shanghai, China
Kan, H., London, S. J., Chen, G., Zhang, Y., Song, G., Zhao, N., Jiang, L., & Chen, B. (2007) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2006.12.001 · Cited by 339 · see citing works
“0%) increase in total mortality in Nine California Counties (Ostro et al. 2006).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialRussell, J. C., & Proctor, S. D. (2006) · Cardiovascular Pathology · doi:10.1016/j.carpath.2006.09.001 · Cited by 317 · see citing works
“[18] Ostro B, Broadwin R, Green S, Feng W-Y, Lipsett M.”
BackgroundOanh, N. T. K., Upadhyay, N., Zhuang, Y.-H., Hao, Z., Murthy, D. V. S., Lestari, P., Villarin, J. R. T., Chengchua, K., Co, H. X., & Nghiem, T.-D. (2006) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.01.050 · Cited by 312 · see citing works
“5) and ultrafine particles impose even higher risk (Donaldson et al., 1998; Schwartz and Neas, 2000; Ostro et al., 2006).”
BackgroundFrom Particles to Patients: Oxidative Stress and the Cardiovascular Effects of Air Pollution
Miller, M. R., Shaw, C. A., & Langrish, J. P. (2012) · Future Cardiology · doi:10.2217/fca.12.43 · Cited by 304 · see citing works
The Effects of Fine Particle Components on Respiratory Hospital Admissions in Children
Ostro, B. D., Roth, L. A., Malig, B. J., & Marty, M. A. (2008) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.11848 · Cited by 299 · see citing works
“Issues and sensitivity of model and knot selection have been discussed previously (Ostro et al. 2006).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialAir pollution ultrafine particles: toxicity beyond the lung.
Terzano, C., Stefano, F. D., Conti, V., Graziani, E., & Petroianni, A. (2010) · PubMed · Cited by 295 · see citing works
Dai, L., Zanobetti, A., Koutrakis, P., & Schwartz, J. D. (2014) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.1307568 · Cited by 290 · see citing works
“A fully accessible (Section 508–compliant) HTML version of this article is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307568.”
BackgroundInfluentialSang, S., Chu, C., Zhang, T., Chen, H., & Yang, X. (2022) · Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety · doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113588 · Cited by 292 · see citing works
Pope, C. A. (2007) · Inhalation Toxicology · doi:10.1080/08958370701492961 · Cited by 265 · see citing works
Contribution of Lung Macrophages to the Inflammatory Responses Induced by Exposure to Air Pollutants
Hiraiwa, K., & van Eeden, S. F. (2013) · Mediators of Inflammation · doi:10.1155/2013/619523 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
Daily mortality and particulate matter in different size classes in Erfurt, Germany
Stölzel, M., Breitner, S., Cyrys, J., Pitz, M., Wölke, G., Kreyling, W. G., Heinrich, J., Wichmann, H. ‐., & Peters, A. (2006) · Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology · doi:10.1038/sj.jes.7500538 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
“…cardiovascular hospital admissions (Schwartz, 1999; Zanobetti et al., 2000; Le Tertre et al., 2002; D’Ippoliti et al., 2003; von Klot et al., 2005; Dominici et al., 2006) or increased cardiovascular mortality (Clancy et al., 2002; Forastiere et al., 2005; Zeka et al., 2005; Ostro et al., 2006).”
BackgroundResultKo, F. W. S., Tam, W., Wong, T. W., Chan, D., Tung, A., Lai, C. K. W., & Hui, D. S. C. (2007) · Thorax · doi:10.1136/thx.2006.076166 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
Huang, W. Y., Cao, J., Tao, Y., Dai, L., Lu, S., Hou, B., Wang, Z., & Zhu, T. (2012) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwr342 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Samoli, E., Stafoggia, M., Rodopoulou, S., Ostro, B. D., Declercq, C., Alessandrini, E., Díaz, J., Karanasiou, A., Kelessis, A. G., Tertre, A. L., et al. (2013) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.1206124 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
“2Department of Epidemiology Lazio Region, Rome, Italy 3Air Pollution Epidemiology Section, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, CAL EPA, Oakland, California U.S.A. 4Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Barcelona, Spain 5Environmental Health Departm…”
ResultStafoggia, M., Samoli, E., Alessandrini, E., Cadum, E., Ostro, B. D., Berti, G., Faustini, A., Jacquemin, B., Linares, C., Pascal, M., et al. (2013) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.1206151 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
“…time, data on fine particles have been collected in many parts of the United States, and evidence has accumulated sug gesting significant effects of fine particles on both mortality (Ostro et al. 2006; Zanobetti and Schwartz 2009) and hospital admissions (Bell et al. 2008; Dominici et al. 2006).”
Are Particulate Matter Exposures Associated with Risk of Type 2 Diabetes?
Puett, R. C., Hart, J. E., Schwartz, J. D., Hu, F. B., Liese, A. D., & Laden, F. (2010) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.1002344 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
“Finally, diabetesrelated mortality has been associated with PM and other ambient air pol lutant exposures (Kan et al. 2004; Maynard et al. 2007; Ostro et al. 2006).”
BackgroundMortality Risk Associated with Short-Term Exposure to Traffic Particles and Sulfates
Maynard, D., Coull, B. A., Gryparis, A., & Schwartz, J. D. (2007) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.9537 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
“The finding of an imprecise but considerably larger association with diabetes deaths is consistent with previous studies showing that diabetics are a susceptible subgroup (e.g., Goldberg et al. 2001), as well as recent studies of deaths from diabetes (e.g., Ostro et al. 2006).”
ResultEnvironmental factors and developmental outcomes in the lung
Kajekar, R. (2007) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2007.01.011 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Zhou, J., Ito, K., Lall, R., Lippmann, M., & Thurston, G. (2010) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.1002613 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
“5 (PM ≤ 2.5 µm in aerodynamic diameter) (e.g., Laden et al. 2000; Ostro et al. 2006).”
BackgroundInfluentialCharacterizing Temperature and Mortality in Nine California Counties
Basu, R., Feng, W.-Y., & Ostro, B. D. (2008) · Epidemiology · doi:10.1097/ede.0b013e31815c1da7 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
“5 and mortality have been presented previously.(21) After exploring various models in sensitivity analyses, we confirmed that there was no evidence for nonlinearity for apparent temperature and mortality in the warmer months in California.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialOstro, B. D., Tobı́as, A., Querol, X., Alástuey, A., Amato, F., Pey, J., Pérez, N., & Sunyer, J. (2011) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.1103618 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
“3), which is within the upper range of those reported in previous multicity studies in the United States (Franklin et al. 2007; Ostro et al. 2006; Schwartz et al. 1996; Zanobetti and Schwartz 2009).”
ResultInfluentialVisibility, air quality and daily mortality in Shanghai, China
Huang, W. Y., Tan, J., Kan, H., Zhao, N., Song, W., Song, G., Chen, G., Jiang, L., Jiang, C., Chen, R., et al. (2009) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.02.019 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Short-term impacts of particulate matter (PM10, PM10–2.5, PM2.5) on mortality in nine French cities
Pascal, M., Falq, G., Wagner, V., Chatignoux, É., Corso, M., Blanchard, M., Host, S., Pascal, L., & Larrieu, S. (2014) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.06.030 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
“5 (Ostro et al., 2006), and a þ0.”
Krall, J. R., Anderson, G. B., Dominici, F., Bell, M. L., & Peng, R. D. (2013) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.1206185 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
“5 mass was associated with increased mortality, consistent with previous epidemiologic studies (Franklin et al. 2007; Ostro et al. 2006; Zanobetti and Schwartz 2009).”
BackgroundResultAirborne particulate matter (PM2.5) and the prevalence of allergic conjunctivitis in Japan
Mimura, T., Ichinose, T., Yamagami, S., Fujishima, H., Kamei, Y., Goto, M., Takada, S., & Matsubara, M. (2014) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.04.057 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
“5) is associated with cardiopulmonary mortality (Laden et al., 2006; Ostro et al., 2006; Pope and Dockery, 2006; Samoli et al., 2008; Huang et al., 2012), and with the development of asthma (Ward et al., 2002) and respiratory disease (Schwartz and Neas, 2000; Hruba et al., 2001; Yap et al., 2013).”
BackgroundDiner, D. J., Boland, S. W., Brauer, M. D., Bruegge, C. J., Burke, K. A., Chipman, R. A., Girolamo, L. D., Garay, M. J., Hasheminassab, S., Hyer, E. J., et al. (2018) · Journal of Applied Remote Sensing · doi:10.1117/1.jrs.12.042603 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Wang, B., Xu, D., Jing, Z., Liu, D., Yan, S., & Wang, Y. (2014) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-14-0365 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Yang, X., Zhang, T., Zhang, Y., Chen, H., & Sang, S. (2021) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148819 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Zhang, L., Chen, X., Xue, X., Sun, M., Han, B., Li, C., Ma, J., Yu, H., Sun, Z., Zhao, L., et al. (2013) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2013.09.012 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
“Ostro and Zeka reported an increased risk of mortality from exposure to PM in groups with lower educational level (Ostro et al., 2006, 2008; Zeka et al., 2006).”
BackgroundSource apportionment of PM2.5 in Beijing in 2004
Song, Y., Tang, X., Xie, S., Zhang, Y., Wei, Y., Zhang, M., Zeng, L., & Lü, S. (2006) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.11.058 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
“[3] B.”
BackgroundYazdi, M. D., Wang, Y., Di, Q., Zanobetti, A., & Schwartz, J. D. (2019) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.05.073 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Phairuang, W., Suwattiga, P., Chetiyanukornkul, T., Hongtieab, S., Limpaseni, W., Ikemori, F., Hata, M., & Furuuchi, M. (2019) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2019.01.001 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Cheng, Y., & Kan, H. (2011) · Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.2188/jea.je20110049 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Hasheminassab, S., Daher, N., Saffari, A., Wang, D., Ostro, B. D., & Sioutas, C. (2014) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-14-12085-2014 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Short-term impact of particulate matter (PM2.5) on respiratory mortality in Madrid
Guaita, R., Pichiule, M., Maté, T., Linares, C., & Díaz, J. (2011) · International Journal of Environmental Health Research · doi:10.1080/09603123.2010.544033 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
“Notwithstanding this, other studies were located in which mortality was likewise higher in the winter months (Ostro et al. 2006), with this being attributed to the different compositions displayed by particles in these two seasons.”
BackgroundEffect of air quality on assisted human reproduction
Legro, R. S., Sauer, M. V., Mottla, G. L., Richter, K. S., Li, X., Dodson, W. C., & Liao, D. (2010) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/deq021 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
“causes (Goldberg et al., 2001; Wellenius et al., 2005, 2006; Ostro et al., 2006).”
Short-term exposures to PM2.5 and cause-specific mortality of cardiovascular health in China
Chen, C., Zhu, P., Li, L., Zhou, L., Liu, R., Sun, Q., Ban, J., Wang, W., Xu, D., & Li, T. (2017) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2017.10.046 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
“5 concentrations at below-guideline levels on human health and welfare have been made through a great deal of multi-center epidemiologic research in the United States, Europe, and other developed countries (Ostro et al., 2006; Franklin et al., 2007; Zanobetti and Schwartz, 2009; Atkinson et al., 2014).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialLiao, H., & Cao, H.-S. (2013) · Global Environmental Change · doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2013.06.006 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
“The piece-wise linear model is much more data-intensive and less precise (Suits et al., 1978; Ostro et al., 2006) than the polynomial ones; this is because a considerably lage number of ‘‘pieces’’ should be specified in order to approximate to the real relationship better and each ‘‘piece’’ requires a considerably lag…”
BackgroundPope, C. A., Brook, R. D., Burnett, R. T., & Dockery, D. W. (2010) · Air Quality Atmosphere & Health · doi:10.1007/s11869-010-0082-7 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
“Meta analyses, recent large multi-city time-series and case-crossover studies, and general reviews of these studies are reported elsewhere (Anderson et al. 2005; Dominici et al. 2003a; Analitis et al. 2006; Klemm and Mason 2003; Franklin et al. 2007; Ostro et al. 2006; Zanobetti and Schwartz 2009; Samoli et al. 2008).”
BackgroundCardiovascular effects of particulate air pollution exposure: time course and underlying mechanisms
Langrish, J. P., Bosson, J. A., Unosson, J., Muala, A., Newby, D. E., Mills, N. L., Blomberg, A., & Sandström, T. (2012) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.2012.02566.x · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Epidemiology of air pollution and diabetes
Thiering, E., & Heinrich, J. (2015) · Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2015.05.002 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Fine particulate air pollution and daily mortality in Shenyang, China
Ma, Y., Chen, R., Pan, G., Xu, X., Song, W., Chen, B., & Kan, H. (2011) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.03.017 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
“However, compared with other studies in developed countries (COMEAP, 2006; Franklin et al., 2007; Klemm and Mason, 2003; Ostro et al., 2006; Ueda et al., 2009; Zanobetti and Schwartz, 2009), both Chinese studies reported relatively lower effect estimates per unit increase of PM2.”
ResultKamal, A., Cincinelli, A., Martellini, T., & Malik, R. N. (2014) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-014-3748-0 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
“PAHs are capable of inducing mutation in human cells (Poirier 2004) and cardiovascular diseases (Ostro et al. 2006; Pope et al. 2002).”
BackgroundThe acute effects of fine particles on respiratory mortality and morbidity in Beijing, 2004–2009
Li, P., Xin, J., Wang, Y., Wang, S., Li, G., Pan, X., Liu, Z., & Wang, L. (2013) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-013-1688-8 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
“9 cities in California Mortality Ostro et al. (2006) GAM 14–29 2.”
BackgroundExcess mortality in Europe following a future Laki-style Icelandic eruption
Schmidt, A., Ostro, B. D., Carslaw, K. S., Wilson, M., Thordarson, T., Mann, G. W., & Simmons, A. J. (2011) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1108569108 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Ostro, B. D., Feng, W.-Y., Broadwin, R., Malig, B. J., Green, R. S., & Lipsett, M. J. (2008) · Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1136/oem.2007.036673 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Lee, H., Honda, Y., Hashizume, M., Guo, Y. L., Wu, C., Kan, H., Jung, K., Lim, Y., Yi, S., & Kim, H. (2015) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2015.08.036 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
“5 reportedly has the greatest effect on human health (Kan et al., 2007; Ostro et al., 2006; Pope et al., 2002), more recent reports have indicated that PM10 2.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialAssociation of pollution and climate with atopic eczema in US children.
Kathuria, P., & Silverberg, J. I. (2016) · Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · doi:10.1111/pai.12543 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
“5 has been associated with adverse cardiovascular effects (17–19), respiratory effects (20–22), and all-cause mortality (23, 24).”
BackgroundParaskevopoulou, D., Liakakou, E., Gerasopoulos, E., & Mihalopoulos, N. (2015) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.022 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
“5) are of particular concern because of the significant contribution to detrimental health effects (Dockery and Pope, 1994; Ostro et al., 2006), since they act as carriers for toxicants and mutagenic components (Beddows et al., 2004) and, owing to their size, are able to penetrate cell membranes…”
BackgroundSuzuki, T., Oshio, S., Iwata, M., Saburi, H., Odagiri, T., Udagawa, T., Sugawara, I., Umezawa, M., & Takeda, K. (2010) · Particle and Fibre Toxicology · doi:10.1186/1743-8977-7-7 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
“Several epidemiological studies have shown a positive association between the level of ambient particulate matter (PM) and mortality caused by respiratory and cardiovascular diseases [1,2].”
BackgroundExposure to urban particulate matter and its association with human health risks
Alemayehu, Y. A., Leta, S., & Terfie, T. A. (2020) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-020-09132-1 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Wehner, B., Birmili, W., Ditas, F., Wu, Z., Hu, M., Liu, X., Mao, J., Sugimoto, N., & Wiedensohler, A. (2008) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-8-6155-2008 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
“During the last decade more studies have targeted PM 2.5 (e.g., Schwartz and Naes, 2000; Franklin et al., 2006; Ostro et al., 2006).”
BackgroundInfluentialJiménez, E., Linares, C., Martínez, D., & Díaz, J. (2010) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.08.049 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Characterization of fine particle emissions from incense burning
See, S. W., & Balasubramanian, R. (2010) · Building and Environment · doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2010.11.006 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Resuspension of Particulate Matter from Carpet Due to Human Activity
Rosati, J. A., Thornburg, J. W., & Rodes, C. E. (2008) · Aerosol Science and Technology · doi:10.1080/02786820802187069 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
“Studies have related fine PM (<2.5 µm) and daily mortality (Laden et al. 2000; Schwartz et al. 2002; Ostro et al. 2006).”
BackgroundInfluentialContini, D., Cesari, D., Genga, A., Siciliano, M., Ielpo, P., Guascito, M. R., & Conte, M. (2013) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.10.127 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Olmo, N. R. S., Saldiva, P. H. N., Braga, A. L. F., Lin, C. A., Santos, U. D. P., & Pereira, L. A. A. (2011) · Clinics · doi:10.1590/s1807-59322011000400025 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Air pollution and lung cancer incidence in China: Who are faced with a greater effect?
Guo, H., Chang, Z., Wu, J., & Li, W. (2019) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105077 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
“, 2013), educational level (Jerrett et al., 2004; Ostro et al., 2005; Chen et al., 2012; Chen et al., 2017), employment (Jerrett et al.”
Kamal, A., Malik, R. N., Martellini, T., & Cincinelli, A. (2014) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.05.140 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Transport pathways and potential sources of PM10 in Beijing
Zhu, L., Huang, X., Shi, H., Cai, X., & Song, Y. (2010) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.10.040 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
“Particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters smaller than 10 mm (PM10) was found to be harmful to human health (Schwartz et al., 1996; Ostro et al., 2006).”
BackgroundKim, J. H., & Hong, Y. (2012) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.1104406 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Yang, C., Peng, X., Huang, W. Y., Chen, R., Xu, Z., Chen, B., & Kan, H. (2011) · International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health · doi:10.1007/s00420-011-0707-7 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
“strongly associated with cardiorespiratory mortality than with all-cause mortality risk (Ostro et al. 2006; Stoelzel et al. 2007; Wichmann et al. 2000).”
BackgroundInfluentialSystematic review and metaanalysis of air pollution exposure and risk of diabetes
Janghorbani, M., Momeni, F., & Mansourian, M. (2014) · European Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s10654-014-9907-2 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
“Some time-series and case-crossover studies have linked short-term exposure to air pollution with diabetes-related death [21, 23, 24], and data from prospective cohort studies of long-term exposure to air pollution and diabetes collectively indicate a weak association between traffic-related air pollution and the inci…”
BackgroundMethodIgnotti, E., Hacon, S. D. S., Junger, W. L., Mourão, D. S., Longo, K. M., Freitas, S. R., Artaxo, P. E., & de León, A. P. (2010) · Cadernos de Saúde Pública · doi:10.1590/s0102-311x2010000400017 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Association of daily cause-specific mortality with ambient particle air pollution in Wuhan, China
Qian, Z. M., He, Q., Lin, H.-M., Kong, L., Liao, D., Dan, J., Bentley, C. M., & Wang, B. (2007) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2007.05.007 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Berman, J. D., Ebisu, K., Peng, R. D., Dominici, F., & Bell, M. L. (2017) · The Lancet Planetary Health · doi:10.1016/s2542-5196(17)30002-5 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Significance of PM2.5 Air Quality at the Indian Capital
Sahu, S. K., & Kota, S. H. (2016) · Aerosol and Air Quality Research · doi:10.4209/aaqr.2016.06.0262 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
“This value lies in the range of global estimate by Atkinson et al. (2014), and closer to several studies in China (Dai et al. , 2004; Chen et al. , 2011) and the US (Ostro et al. , 2006).”
Theodosi, C., Tsagkaraki, M., Zarmpas, P., Grivas, G., Liakakou, E., Paraskevopoulou, D., Lianou, M., Gerasopoulos, E., & Mihalopoulos, N. (2018) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-18-14371-2018 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
“…2.5 µm or less are of particular interest due to the fact that they contribute significantly to detrimental health effects (Dockery and Pope, 1994; Ostro et al., 2006), penetrating the cell membranes more efficiently (Salma et al., 2002; Li et al., 2003; Bell et al., 2009) and acting as carriers…”
BackgroundInfluentialLi, P., Xin, J., Wang, Y., Li, G., Pan, X., Wang, S., Cheng, M., Wen, T., Wang, G., & Liu, Z. (2014) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-014-3301-1 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Chen, Z., Cui, L., Cui, X., Li, X., Yu, K., Yue, K., Dai, Z., Zhou, J., Jia, G., & Zhang, J. (2018) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.368 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Chemical composition of PM2.5 during winter in Tianjin, China
Jin-xia, G., Bai, Z., Li, W., Wu, L., Liu, A., Dong, H., & Xie, Y. (2011) · Particuology · doi:10.1016/j.partic.2011.03.001 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Shumake, K. L., Sacks, J. D., Lee, J. S., & Johns, D. O. (2013) · Aging Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1007/s40520-013-0001-5 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Li, Y., Ma, Z., Zheng, C., & Shang, Y. (2015) · International Journal of Biometeorology · doi:10.1007/s00484-015-0984-z · Cited by 99 · see citing works
“5 has a stronger association with cardio-respiratory mortality risk than PM10 does (Schwartz and Neas 2000; Wilson and Suh 1997; Kan et al. 2007; Schwartz et al. 1996; Ostro et al. 2006; Stolzel et al. 2006).”
BackgroundRaaschou‐Nielsen, O., Sørensen, M., Ketzel, M., Hertel, O., Loft, S. H., Tjønneland, A. M., Overvad, K., & Andersen, Z. J. (2012) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-012-2698-7 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
“Finally, time-series [17, 18] and case-crossover studies [19] have linked short-term variations in air pollution with diabetes mortality.”
BackgroundAmbient PM2.5 Human Health Effects—Findings in China and Research Directions
Miller, L., & Xu, X. (2018) · Atmosphere · doi:10.3390/atmos9110424 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Paraskevopoulou, D., Bougiatioti, A., Stavroulas, I., Fang, T., Lianou, M., Liakakou, E., Gerasopoulos, E., Weber, R. J., Nenes, A., & Mihalopoulos, N. (2019) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.02.027 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Bølling, A. K., Totlandsdal, A. I., Låg, M., Refsnes, M., & Schwarze, P. E. (2007) · Toxicology Letters · doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2007.10.014 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
- Authors
- Ostro, B., Broadwin, R., Green, S., Feng, W.-Y., & Lipsett, M.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Davis (US)
- California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, Oakland, California, USA
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Venue
- Environmental Health Perspectives
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2005-09-01
- Volume
- 114
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 29-33
- ISSN
- 0091-6765 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-9924
- PMC
- PMC1332652
- OpenAlex
- W2058611314
- Cited by
- 425
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 46 · 2013: 31 · 2012: 25
- FWCI
- 10.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- public-domain
- creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor, 4502 d)
- Locations
- Environmental Health Perspectives (publishedVersion, public-domain)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, public-domain)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, public-domain)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure
- Keywords
- PM2.5, air pollution, mortality, all-cause mortality, respiratory mortality, cardiovascular mortality, ischemic heart disease, diabetes mortality, subpopulation differences, California counties
- MeSH terms
- Air Pollutants, Air Pollution, California, Cause of Death, Dust, Environmental Monitoring, Female, Humans, Humidity, Male, Mortality, Particle Size, Temperature, Models, Statistical, Epidemiological Monitoring
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
