Antiphospholipid syndrome: an update for clinicians and scientists
Open accessAbstract
Purpose of review: Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a leading acquired cause of thrombosis and pregnancy loss. Upon diagnosis (which is unlikely to be made until at least one morbid event has occurred), anticoagulant medications are typically prescribed in an attempt to prevent future events. This approach is not uniformly effective and does not prevent associated autoimmune and inflammatory complications. The goal of this review is to update clinicians and scientists on mechanistic and clinically relevant studies from the past 18 months, which have especially focused on inflammatory aspects of APS pathophysiology. Recent findings: How antiphospholipid antibodies leverage receptors and signaling pathways to activate cells is being increasingly defined. Although established mediators of disease pathogenesis (like endothelial cells and the complement system) continue to receive intensive study, emerging concepts (such as the role of neutrophils) are also receiving increasing attention. In-vivo animal studies and small clinical trials are demonstrating how repurposed medications (hydroxychloroquine, statins, and rivaroxaban) may have clinical benefit in APS, with these concepts importantly supported by mechanistic data. Summary: As anticoagulant medications are not uniformly effective and do not comprehensively target the underlying pathophysiology of APS, there is a continued need to reveal the inflammatory aspects of APS, which may be modulated by novel and repurposed therapies.
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aCL antibody titres in APS and SLE are associated with thrombosis and pregnancy complications.
“aCL antibody titres in these diseases are associated with thrombosis and pregnancy complications253.”
From The role of mitochondria in rheumatic diseases (2022) · cites this paper as [253]
The Introduction (page not available) links antiphospholipid antibodies in lupus and APS to thrombotic and obstetric complications, and identifies anticardiolipin positivity in patients with recurrent thrombosis. It does not establish that anticardiolipin antibody titres, specifically, are associated with both thrombosis and pregnancy complications. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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The role of mitochondria in rheumatic diseases
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- Authors
- Vreede, A. P., Bockenstedt, P. L., & Knight, J. S.
- Affiliations
- Division of Rheumatology
- University of Michigan (US)
- Corresponding author
- Knight, Jason S.
- ORCID
- Knight, Jason S.
- Venue
- Current Opinion in Rheumatology
- Published
- 2017-09
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 458-466
- ISSN
- 1040-8711 (ISSN-L)
- 1531-6963
- PMC
- PMC5813838
- OpenAlex
- W2617016771
- Cited by
- 22
- References
- 77
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 0.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Current Opinion in Rheumatology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (K08AR066569)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Vasculitis and related conditions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Blood Coagulation and Thrombosis Mechanisms
- Keywords
- antiphospholipid syndrome, antiphospholipid antibodies, thrombosis, miscarriage, inflammation, neutrophils, endothelial cells, complement system, hydroxychloroquine, statins, rivaroxaban, drug repurposing, anticoagulation, autoimmune complications
- MeSH terms
- Anticoagulants, Humans, Thrombosis, Global Health, Incidence, Antiphospholipid Syndrome, Antibodies, Antiphospholipid, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
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