Development of a short form of the orebro musculoskeletal pain screening questionnaire

Linton, Steven J.; Nicholas, Michael; MacDonald, Shane

doi:10.1097/brs.0b013e3181f8f775

Cited by 358Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitationMedical Practices and RehabilitationWorkplace Health and Well-being

Development of a short form of the orebro musculoskeletal pain screening questionnaire

Linton, Steven J., Nicholas, Michael, MacDonald, Shane·2011·Spine

DOI 10.1097/brs.0b013e3181f8f775

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

STUDY DESIGN: A longitudinal design where the questionnaire was completed at a pretest and predictive ability evaluated with a 1-year follow-up. A second sample was employed to provide a replication. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to validate a short form of the Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire (ÖMSPQ). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Several studies demonstrate the research and clinical utility of the ÖMSPQ. Calls have been made for a shorter form that requires less time in administering. METHODS: The short version was constructed by taking two items from each of the five factors shown to have predictive power. It was then tested against the long form in two samples of people with musculoskeletal pain where one reflects an occupational health care population (N = 324) and the other a primary care population (N = 183) thus providing a built-in replication. All participants completed the ÖMSPQ and were then followed over the course of a year to evaluate disability as measured by sick leave. RESULTS: The correlation between the short and long forms was 0.91. The receiver operating characteristic curve was nearly identical for the long and short versions of the questionnaire (e.g., primary care sample: 0.84 vs. 0.81; occupational sample: 0.72 vs. 0.70). Of those who developed disability, a cutoff of 50 on the short version identified 85% in the occupational and 83% in the primary care samples which was nearly as good as the full version. CONCLUSION: The short form of the ÖMSPQ is appropriate for clinical and research purposes, since it is nearly as accurate as the longer version.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1097/brs.0b013e3181f8f775

Cites

22 of 22 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Severe or persistent distress in the weeks and months following injury is associated with increased risk of developing chronic pain.
“While it is common for people to experience a certain level of distress in the days immediately following injury (eg, anxiety and concerns about pain), severe distress or persistent distress in the weeks and months following injury is associated with poorer recovery (eg, higher levels of disability, delayed return to work) and increased risk of developing chronic pain.511”
From Impact of healthcare interventions on distress following acute musculoskeletal/orthopaedic injury: A scoping review of systematic reviews (2024) · cites this paper as [5]
Screening tools have been developed to identify those at risk of developing chronic pain following musculoskeletal injury.
“Screening tools have been developed to identify those at risk of developing chronic pain following musculoskeletal (MSK) injury.5 7 10 11”
From Impact of healthcare interventions on distress following acute musculoskeletal/orthopaedic injury: A scoping review of systematic reviews (2024) · cites this paper as [5]
Severe or persistent distress in the weeks and months following injury is associated with poorer recovery (e.g., higher levels of disability, delayed return to work).
“While it is common for people to experience a certain level of distress in the days immediately following injury (eg, anxiety and concerns about pain), severe distress or persistent distress in the weeks and months following injury is associated with poorer recovery (eg, higher levels of disability, delayed return to work) and increased risk of developing chronic pain.511”
From Impact of healthcare interventions on distress following acute musculoskeletal/orthopaedic injury: A scoping review of systematic reviews (2024) · cites this paper as [5]

Survey of chronic pain in Europe: Prevalence, impact on daily life, and treatment
Breivik, H., Collett, B., Ventafridda, V., Cohen, R., & Gallacher, D. (2006) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.ejpain.2005.06.009 · Cited by 5,486 · see citing works
Chronic pain in Australia: a prevalence study.
Blyth, F. M., March, L. M., Brnabic, A. J. M., Jorm, L. R., Williamson, M., & Cousins, M. J. (2001) · Pain · doi:10.1016/s0304-3959(00)00355-9 · Cited by 1,096 · see citing works
A primary care back pain screening tool: identifying patient subgroups for initial treatment
Hill, J. C., Dunn, K. M., Lewis, M., Mullis, R., Main, C. J., Foster, N. E., & Hay, E. M. (2008) · Arthritis Care & Research · doi:10.1002/art.23563 · Cited by 1,052 · see citing works
Early identification and management of psychological risk factors (“Yellow Flags”) in patients with low back pain: a reappraisal
Nicholas, M. K., Linton, S. J., Watson, P. J., & Main, C. J. (2011) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.2522/ptj.20100224 · Cited by 690 · see citing works
Prognosis in patients with recent onset low back pain in Australian primary care: inception cohort study
Henschke, N., Maher, C. G., Refshauge, K. M., Herbert, R., Cumming, R. G., Bleasel, J. F., York, J., Das, A., & McAuley, J. H. (2008) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.a171 · Cited by 555 · see citing works
Early Identification of Patients at Risk of Developing a Persistent Back Problem: The Predictive Validity of The Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Questionnaire
Linton, S. J., & Boersma, K. (2003) · The Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/00002508-200303000-00002 · Cited by 523 · see citing works
One-and Two-Item Measures of Pain Beliefs and Coping Strategies
Jensen, M. P., Keefe, F. J., Lefebvre, J. C., Romano, J. M., & Turner, J. A. (2003) · Pain · doi:10.1016/s0304-3959(03)00076-9 · Cited by 301 · see citing works
Can Chronic Disability Be Prevented?
Linton, S. J., & Andersson, T. (2000) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-200011010-00017 · Cited by 299 · see citing works
Integrating Psychosocial and Behavioral Interventions to Achieve Optimal Rehabilitation Outcomes
Sullivan, M. J. L., Feuerstein, M., Gatchel, R. J., Linton, S. J., & Pransky, G. (2005) · Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation · doi:10.1007/s10926-005-8029-9 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Subgrouping low back pain: a comparison of the STarT Back Tool with the Orebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire
Hill, J. C., Dunn, K. M., Main, C. J., & Hay, E. M. (2010) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.ejpain.2009.01.003 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Clinical Course and Prognostic Factors in Acute Low Back Pain
Grotle, M., Brox, J. I., Veierød, M. B., Glomsrød, B., Lønn, J. H., & Vøllestad, N. K. (2005) · Spine · doi:10.1097/01.brs.0000158972.34102.6f · Cited by 202 · see citing works
The Effects of Cognitive-Behavioral and Physical Therapy Preventive Interventions on Pain-Related Sick Leave: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Linton, S. J., Boersma, K., Jansson, M., Sv??rd, L., & Botvalde, M. (2005) · The Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/00002508-200503000-00001 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
A cognitive-behavioral group intervention as prevention for persistent neck and back pain in a non-patient population: a randomized controlled trial
Linton, S. J., & Ryberg, M. (2001) · Pain · doi:10.1016/s0304-3959(00)00390-0 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Early Patient Screening and Intervention to Address Individual-Level Occupational Factors (“Blue Flags”) in Back Disability
Shaw, W. S., van der Windt, D., Main, C. J., Loisel, P., Linton, S. J., & the “Decade of the Flags” Working Group (2008) · Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation · doi:10.1007/s10926-008-9159-7 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
A Systematic Review of the Predictive Ability of the Orebro Musculoskeletal Pain Questionnaire
Hockings, R. L., McAuley, J. H., & Maher, C. G. (2008) · Spine · doi:10.1097/brs.0b013e31817ba3bb · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Screening to identify people at risk of long-term incapacity: a conceptual and scientific review
Burton, K. A., Waddell, G., Bartys, S., & Main, C. J. (2003) · University of Huddersfield Repository (University of Huddersfield) · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Reducing sickness absence from work due to low back pain: how well do intervention strategies match modifiable risk factors?
Shaw, W. S., Linton, S. J., & Pransky, G. (2006) · Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation · doi:10.1007/s10926-006-9061-0 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Do psychosocial factors predict disability and health at a 3‐year follow‐up for patients with non‐acute musculoskeletal pain? A validation of the Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire
Westman, A., Linton, S. J., Öhrvik, J., Wahlén, P., & Leppert, J. (2008) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.ejpain.2007.10.007 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Early identification and intervention in the prevention of musculoskeletal pain
Linton, S. J. (2002) · American Journal of Industrial Medicine · doi:10.1002/ajim.10052 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Patients at risk for long-term sick leave because of low back pain
Bois, M. D., Szpalski, M., & Donceel, P. (2008) · The Spine Journal · doi:10.1016/j.spinee.2008.07.003 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Do evidence-based guidelines have an impact in primary care: a cross-sectional study of Swedish physicians and physiotherapists
Overmeer, T., Linton, S. J., Holmquist, L., Eriksson, M., & Engfeldt, P. (2005) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-200501010-00024 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Evaluation of the Predictive Validity of the Orebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire
Maher, C. G., & Grotle, M. (2009) · Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/ajp.0b013e3181a08732 · Cited by 45 · see citing works

Flagged first, then by citations

Sorted by citations

Non-specific low back pain
Maher, C., Underwood, M., & Buchbinder, R. (2017) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)30970-9 · Cited by 2,535 · see citing works
What does best practice care for musculoskeletal pain look like? Eleven consistent recommendations from high-quality clinical practice guidelines: systematic review
Lin, I. B., Wiles, L., Waller, R., Goucke, R. C., Nagree, Y., Gibberd, M., Straker, L. M., Maher, C. G., & O’Sullivan, P. (2019) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2018-099878 · Cited by 1,031 · see citing works
Early identification and management of psychological risk factors (“Yellow Flags”) in patients with low back pain: a reappraisal
Nicholas, M. K., Linton, S. J., Watson, P. J., & Main, C. J. (2011) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.2522/ptj.20100224 · Cited by 690 · see citing works
Physiotherapists may stigmatise or feel unprepared to treat people with low back pain and psychosocial factors that influence recovery: a systematic review
Synnott, A., O’Keeffe, M., Bunzli, S., Dankaerts, W., O'Sullivan, P., & O'Sullivan, K. (2015) · Journal of Physiotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.jphys.2015.02.016 · Cited by 412 · see citing works
Diagnostic triage for low back pain: a practical approach for primary care
Bardin, L., King, P., & Maher, C. G. (2017) · The Medical Journal of Australia · doi:10.5694/mja16.00828 · Cited by 330 · see citing works
A 2-item short form of the pain self-efficacy questionnaire: development and psychometric evaluation of PSEQ-2
Nicholas, M. K., McGuire, B. E., & Asghari, A. (2015) · The Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2014.11.002 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Influence of Catastrophizing on Treatment Outcome in Patients With Nonspecific Low Back Pain
Wertli, M. M., Burgstaller, J. M., Weiser, S. R., Steurer, J., Kofmehl, R., & Held, U. (2013) · Spine · doi:10.1097/brs.0000000000000110 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Cognitive functional therapy compared with a group-based exercise and education intervention for chronic low back pain: a multicentre randomised controlled trial (RCT)
O'Keeffe, M., O'Sullivan, P., Purtill, H., Bargary, N., & O'Sullivan, K. (2020) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2019-100780 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
The psychological features of patellofemoral pain: a systematic review
Maclachlan, L., Collins, N. J., Matthews, M., Hodges, P. W., & Vicenzino, B. (2017) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2016-096705 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Primary care management of non-specific low back pain: key messages from recent clinical guidelines
Almeida, M., Saragiotto, B., Richards, B., & Maher, C. G. (2018) · Medical Journal of Australia · doi:10.5694/mja17.01152 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Can screening instruments accurately determine poor outcome risk in adults with recent onset low back pain? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Karran, E. L., McAuley, J. H., Traeger, A. C., Hillier, S., Grabherr, L., Russek, L. N., & Moseley, G. L. (2017) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-016-0774-4 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Behavioral Conceptualization and Treatment of Chronic Pain
Vlaeyen, J. W. S., & Crombez, G. (2019) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050718-095744 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
The biopsychosocial model of pain 40 years on: time for a reappraisal?
Nicholas, M. K. (2022) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002654 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Best Evidence Rehabilitation for Chronic Pain Part 4: Neck Pain
Sterling, M. M., de Zoete, R. M. J., Coppieters, I., & Farrell, S. F. (2019) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm8081219 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Measuring Senior Technology Acceptance: Development of a Brief, 14-Item Scale
Chen, K., & LOU, V. W. Q. (2020) · Innovation in Aging · doi:10.1093/geroni/igaa016 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
It is time to move beyond ‘body region silos’ to manage musculoskeletal pain: five actions to change clinical practice
Cañeiro, J. P., Roos, E. M., Barton, C. J., O’Sullivan, K., Kent, P. M., Lin, I. B., Choong, P., Crossley, K. M., Hartvigsen, J., Smith, A. J., et al. (2019) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2018-100488 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Early Workplace Communication and Problem Solving to Prevent Back Disability: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial Among High-Risk Workers and Their Supervisors
Linton, S. J., Boersma, K., Traczyk, M., Shaw, W. S., & Nicholas, M. K. (2015) · Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation · doi:10.1007/s10926-015-9596-z · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs): how should I interpret reports of measurement properties? A practical guide for clinicians and researchers who are not biostatisticians
Davidson, M., & Keating, J. L. (2012) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2012-091704 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Comparative Effectiveness of Conservative Interventions for Nonspecific Chronic Spinal Pain: Physical, Behavioral/Psychologically Informed, or Combined? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
O’Keeffe, M., Purtill, H., Kennedy, N., Conneely, M., Hurley, J. A., O’Sullivan, P., Dankaerts, W., & O’Sullivan, K. (2016) · Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2016.01.473 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Comparing the responsiveness of a brief, multidimensional risk screening tool for back pain to its unidimensional reference standards: The whole is greater than the sum of its parts
Wideman, T. H., Hill, J. C., Main, C. J., Lewis, M., Sullivan, M. J. L., & Hay, E. M. (2012) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2012.06.010 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Why wait to address high-risk cases of acute low back pain? A comparison of stepped, stratified, and matched care
Linton, S. J., Nicholas, M. K., & Shaw, W. S. (2018) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001308 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Listening is therapy: Patient interviewing from a pain science perspective
Diener, I., (6366965), M. K., & Louw, A. (2016) · Physiotherapy Theory and Practice · doi:10.1080/09593985.2016.1194648 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Refinement and validation of a tool for stratifying patients with musculoskeletal pain
Dunn, K. M., Campbell, P., Lewis, M., Hill, J. C., van der Windt, D., Afolabi, E. K., Protheroe, J., Wathall, S., Jowett, S. M., Oppong, R., et al. (2021) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1002/ejp.1821 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
“Implementation of early intervention protocol in Australia for 'high risk' injured workers is associated with fewer lost work days over 2 years than usual (stepped) care”
Nicholas, M. K., Costa, D. S. J., Linton, S. J., Main, C. J., Shaw, W. S., Pearce, G., Gleeson, M., Pinto, R. Z., Blyth, F. M., McAuley, J. H., et al. (2020) · Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation · doi:10.1007/s10926-019-09849-y · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Development and psychometric evaluation of the Musculoskeletal Pain Intensity and Interference Questionnaire for professional orchestra Musicians
Berque, P., Gray, H. G., & McFadyen, A. K. (2014) · Manual Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.math.2014.05.015 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Prognostic indicators of social outcomes in persons who sustained an injury in a road traffic crash
Gopinath, B., Jagnoor, J., Harris, I. A., Nicholas, M. K., Casey, P. P., Blyth, F., Maher, C. G., & Cameron, I. D. (2015) · Injury · doi:10.1016/j.injury.2015.01.002 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Novel approach towards musculoskeletal phenotypes
Meisingset, I., Vasseljen, O., Vøllestad, N., Robinson, H., Woodhouse, A., Engebretsen, K. B., Glette, M., Øverås, C. K., Nordstoga, A., Evensen, K., et al. (2020) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1002/ejp.1541 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Prevention of low back pain and its consequences among nurses’ aides in elderly care: a stepped-wedge multi-faceted cluster-randomized controlled trial
Rasmussen, C. D. N., Holtermann, A., Mortensen, O. S., Søgaard, K., & Jørgensen, M. B. (2013) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-1088 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Secondary prevention of chronic musculoskeletal pain: A systematic review of clinical trials
Meyer, C., Denis, C., & Berquin, A. D. (2018) · Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.rehab.2018.03.002 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Keele Aches and Pains Study protocol: validity, acceptability, and feasibility of the Keele STarT MSK tool for subgrouping musculoskeletal patients in primary care
Campbell, P., Hill, J. C., Protheroe, J., Afolabi, E. K., Lewis, M., Beardmore, R., Hay, E. M., Mallen, C. D., Bartlam, B., Saunders, B., et al. (2016) · Journal of Pain Research · doi:10.2147/jpr.s116614 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Young people's experiences of persistent musculoskeletal pain, needs, gaps and perceptions about the role of digital technologies to support their co-care: a qualitative study
Slater, H., Jordan, J. M., Chua, J., Schütze, R., Wark, J. D., & Briggs, A. M. (2016) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014007 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Reflecting on new models for osteopathy – it's time for change
Smith, D. (2019) · International journal of osteopathic medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ijosm.2018.10.001 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Integrating osteopathic approaches based on biopsychosocial therapeutic mechanisms. Part 2: Clinical approach
Fryer, G. (2017) · International journal of osteopathic medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ijosm.2017.05.001 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Pain education to prevent chronic low back pain: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Traeger, A. C., Moseley, G. L., Hübscher, M., Lee, H., Skinner, I., Nicholas, M. K., Henschke, N., Refshauge, K. M., Blyth, F., Main, C. J., et al. (2014) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005505 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
‘My hip is damaged’: a qualitative investigation of people seeking care for persistent hip pain
de Oliveira, B. I. R., Smith, A., O'Sullivan, P., Haebich, S., Fick, D., Khan, R., & Bunzli, S. (2020) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2019-101281 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Review article: Best practice management of low back pain in the emergency department (part 1 of the musculoskeletal injuries rapid review series)
Strudwick, K., McPhee, M. E., Bell, A., Martin‐Khan, M., & Russell, T. G. (2017) · Emergency Medicine Australasia · doi:10.1111/1742-6723.12907 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Early workplace dialogue in physiotherapy practice improved work ability at 1-year follow-up—WorkUp, a randomised controlled trial in primary care
Sennehed, C. P., Holmberg, S., Axén, I., Stigmar, K. G. E., Forsbrand, M., Petersson, I. F., & Grahn, B. E. M. (2018) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001216 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Individualised cognitive functional therapy compared with a combined exercise and pain education class for patients with non-specific chronic low back pain: study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial
O’Keeffe, M., Purtill, H., Kennedy, N., O’Sullivan, P., Dankaerts, W., Tighe, A., Allworthy, L., Dolan, L., Bargary, N., & O’Sullivan, K. (2015) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2014-007156 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Overview of findings from a 2-year study of claimants who had sustained a mild or moderate injury in a road traffic crash: prospective study
Gopinath, B., Jagnoor, J., Elbers, N. A., & Cameron, I. D. (2017) · BMC Research Notes · doi:10.1186/s13104-017-2401-7 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Exploring the lived experience and chronic low back pain beliefs of English-speaking Punjabi and white British people: a qualitative study within the NHS
Singh, G., Newton, C., O’Sullivan, K., Soundy, A., & Heneghan, N. R. (2018) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020108 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
A multi-faceted workplace intervention targeting low back pain was effective for physical work demands and maladaptive pain behaviours, but not for work ability and sickness absence: Stepped wedge cluster randomised trial
Rasmussen, C. D. N., Holtermann, A., Jørgensen, M. B., Ørberg, A., Mortensen, O. S., & Søgaard, K. (2016) · Scandinavian Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1177/1403494816653668 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Can pain beliefs change in middle school students? A study of the effectiveness of pain neuroscience education
Louw, A., Podalak, J., Zimney, K. J., Schmidt, S. G., & Puentedura, E. J. (2018) · Physiotherapy Theory and Practice · doi:10.1080/09593985.2017.1423142 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Prediction of Sickness Absenteeism, Disability Pension and Sickness Presenteeism Among Employees with Back Pain
Bergström, G., Hagberg, J., Busch, H., Jensen, I. B., & Björklund, C. (2013) · Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation · doi:10.1007/s10926-013-9454-9 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
A Comparison of Health Outcomes in Older versus Younger Adults following a Road Traffic Crash Injury: A Cohort Study
Gopinath, B., Harris, I. A., Nicholas, M. K., Casey, P. P., Blyth, F., Maher, C. G., & Cameron, I. D. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0122732 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
The physical and mental health of Australian truck drivers: a national cross-sectional study
van Vreden, C., Xia, T., Collie, A., Pritchard, E., Newnam, S., Lubman, D. I., Neto, A. D. A., & Iles, R. (2022) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-022-12850-5 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Örebro Questionnaire: short and long forms of the Brazilian-Portuguese version
Fagundes, F. R. C., Costa, L. O. P., Fuhro, F. F., Manzoni, A. C. T., de Oliveira, N. T. B., & Cabral, C. M. N. (2015) · Quality of Life Research · doi:10.1007/s11136-015-0998-3 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
A study exploring the prevalence of Extremity Pain of Spinal Source (EXPOSS)
Rosedale, R., Rastogi, R., Kidd, J., Lynch, G., Supp, G., & Robbins, S. M. K. (2019) · Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy · doi:10.1080/10669817.2019.1661706 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
The Örebro Musculoskeletal Screening Questionnaire: Validation of a modified primary care musculoskeletal screening tool in an acute work injured population
Gabel, C. P., Melloh, M., Burkett, B. J., Osborne, J. W., & Yelland, M. J. (2012) · Manual Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.math.2012.05.014 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
A hybrid emotion-focused exposure treatment for chronic pain: A feasibility study
Linton, S. J., & Fruzzetti, A. E. (2014) · Scandinavian Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.sjpain.2014.05.008 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Mechanisms for reducing low back pain: a mediation analysis of a multifaceted intervention in workers in elderly care
Stevens, M. L., Boyle, E., Hartvigsen, J., Mansell, G., Søgaard, K., Jørgensen, M. B., Holtermann, A., & Rasmussen, C. D. N. (2018) · International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health · doi:10.1007/s00420-018-1350-3 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Back Pain Beliefs Are Related to the Impact of Low Back Pain in 17-Year-Olds
Smith, A. J., O’Sullivan, P., Beales, D. J., & Straker, L. M. (2012) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.2522/ptj.20110396 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Process of Change in Pain-Related Fear: Clinical Insights From a Single Case Report of Persistent Back Pain Managed With Cognitive Functional Therapy
Cañeiro, J. P., Smith, A. J., Rabey, M. I., Moseley, G. L., & O’Sullivan, P. (2017) · Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy · doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.7371 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Transcultural adaption and psychometric properties of the STarT Back Screening Tool among Finnish low back pain patients
Piironen, S., Paananen, M., Haapea, M., Hupli, M. T., Zitting, P., Ryynänen, K., Takala, E., Korniloff, K., Hill, J. C., HÄKKINEN, A. H., et al. (2015) · European Spine Journal · doi:10.1007/s00586-015-3804-6 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Presence and predictors of persistent pain among persons who sustained an injury in a road traffic crash
Gopinath, B., Jagnoor, J., Nicholas, M. K., Blyth, F., Harris, I. A., Casey, P. P., & Cameron, I. D. (2014) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1002/ejp.634 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Association between the 10 item Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire and physiotherapists' perception of the contribution of biopsychosocial factors in patients with musculoskeletal pain.
Beales, D., Kendell, M., Chang, R., Håmsø, M., Gregory, L., Richardson, K., & O'Sullivan, P. (2016) · Manual Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.math.2016.03.010 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Evaluation of Digital Technologies Tailored to Support Young People’s Self-Management of Musculoskeletal Pain: Mixed Methods Study
Slater, H., Stinson, J., Jordan, J. M., Chua, J., Low, B., Lalloo, C., Phạm, Q., Cafazzo, J. A., & Briggs, A. M. (2020) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/18315 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Corticomotor Depression is Associated With Higher Pain Severity in the Transition to Sustained Pain: A Longitudinal Exploratory Study of Individual Differences
Seminowicz, D. A., Thapa, T., & Schabrun, S. M. (2019) · Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2019.06.005 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Organizing workplace health literacy to reduce musculoskeletal pain and consequences
Larsen, A. K., Holtermann, A., Mortensen, O. S., Punnett, L., Rod, M. H., & Jørgensen, M. B. (2015) · BMC Nursing · doi:10.1186/s12912-015-0096-4 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
The Value of Prognostic Screening for Patients With Low Back Pain in Secondary Care
Karran, E. L., Traeger, A. C., McAuley, J. H., Hillier, S., Yau, Y.-H., & Moseley, G. L. (2017) · Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2016.12.020 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Physiotherapists’ views of implementing a stratified treatment approach for patients with low back pain in Germany: a qualitative study
Karstens, S., Kuithan, P., Joos, S., Hill, J. C., Wensing, M., Steinhäuser, J., Krug, K., & Szécsényi, J. (2018) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-018-2991-3 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Predictive value of the Acute Low Back Pain Screening Questionnaire and the Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire for persisting problems
Sattelmayer, M., Lorenz, T., Röder, C., & Hilfiker, R. (2011) · European Spine Journal · doi:10.1007/s00586-011-1910-7 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
The Global Spine Care Initiative: a systematic review for the assessment of spine-related complaints in populations with limited resources and in low- and middle-income communities
Nordin, M. C., Randhawa, K. A., Torres, P., Yu, H., Haldeman, S., Brady, O., Côté, P., Torres, C., Modic, M. T., Mullerpatan, R., et al. (2018) · European Spine Journal · doi:10.1007/s00586-017-5446-3 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Construct and predictive validity of the German Örebro questionnaire short form for psychosocial risk factor screening of patients with low back pain
Schmidt, C. O., Kohlmann, T., Pfingsten, M., Lindena, G., Marnitz, U., Pfeifer, K., & Chenot, J. (2015) · European Spine Journal · doi:10.1007/s00586-015-4196-3 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Socio-demographic, clinical and psychological predictors of healthcare utilization among patients with musculoskeletal disorders: a prospective cohort study
Budtz, C. R., Mose, S., & Christiansen, D. H. (2020) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-020-05100-0 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Recall Bias in Low Back Pain Among Workers
Rasmussen, C. D. N., Holtermann, A., & Jørgensen, M. B. (2017) · Spine · doi:10.1097/brs.0000000000002457 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Avoidance-Endurance Fast-Screen (AE-FS)
Wolff, S., Willburger, R., Hallner, D., Rusu, A. C., Rusche, H., Schulte, T. L., & Hasenbring, M. I. (2018) · Der Schmerz · doi:10.1007/s00482-018-0310-x · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Neck pain patterns and subgrouping based on weekly SMS-derived trajectories
Irgens, P. M. S., Kongsted, A., Myhrvold, B. L., Waagan, K., Engebretsen, K. B., Natvig, B., Vøllestad, N. K., & Robinson, H. S. (2020) · BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · doi:10.1186/s12891-020-03660-0 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Predicting return to work in a heterogeneous sample of recently injured workers using the brief OMPSQ-SF
Nicholas, M. K., Costa, D. S. J., Linton, S. J., Main, C. J., Shaw, W. S., Pearce, R., Gleeson, M., Pinto, R. Z., Blyth, F. M., McCauley, J. H., et al. (2019) · Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation · doi:10.1007/s10926-018-9784-8 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Group-based exercise, individually supervised exercise and home-based exercise have similar clinical effects and cost-effectiveness in people with subacromial pain: a randomised trial
Christiansen, D. H., & Hjort, J. (2021) · Journal of physiotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.jphys.2021.02.015 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
The shortened Örebro Musculoskeletal Screening Questionnaire: Evaluation in a work-injured population
Gabel, C. P., Burkett, B. J., & Melloh, M. (2013) · Manual Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.math.2013.01.002 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
What does it take to facilitate the integration of clinical practice guidelines for the management of low back pain into practice? Part 1: A synthesis of recommendation
Longtin, C., Décary, S., Cook, C. E., & Tousignant‐Laflamme, Y. (2021) · Pain Practice · doi:10.1111/papr.13033 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Comparison between the STarT Back Screening Tool and the Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire: Which tool for what purpose? A semi-systematic review
Lheureux, A., & Berquin, A. D. (2018) · Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.rehab.2018.09.007 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Cross-Cultural Adaptation, Validity, and Reliability of the Persian Version of the Orebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire
Shafeei, A., Mokhtarinia, H. R., Maleki-Ghahfarokhi, A., & Piri, L. (2017) · Asian Spine Journal · doi:10.4184/asj.2017.11.4.520 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Low back pain rehabilitation in 2020: new frontiers and old limits of our understanding
Zaina, F., Balagué, F., Battié, M. C., Karppinen, J. I., & Négrini, S. (2020) · European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine · doi:10.23736/s1973-9087.20.06257-7 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Screening Tools to Predict the Development of Chronic Low Back Pain: An Integrative Review of the Literature
Pauli, J., Starkweather, A. R., & Robins, J. L. W. (2018) · Pain Medicine · doi:10.1093/pm/pny178 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Differential Predictors of Pain Severity Over 12 Months Following Noncatastrophic Injury Sustained in a Road Traffic Crash
Gopinath, B., Jagnoor, J., Kifley, A., Nicholas, M. K., Blyth, F., Kenardy, J. A., Craig, A. R., & Cameron, I. D. (2018) · Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2018.11.011 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Recovery trajectories in common musculoskeletal complaints by diagnosis contra prognostic phenotypes
Aasdahl, L., Granviken, F., Meisingset, I., Woodhouse, A., Evensen, K., & Vasseljen, O. (2021) · BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · doi:10.1186/s12891-021-04332-3 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Pain psychology in the 21st century: lessons learned and moving forward
Flink, I. K., Rème, S. E., Jacobsen, H. B., Glombiewski, J. A., Vlaeyen, J. W. S., Nicholas, M. K., Main, C. J., Peters, M. L., Williams, A. C. D. C., Schrooten, M. G. S., et al. (2020) · Scandinavian Journal of Pain · doi:10.1515/sjpain-2019-0180 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire Short-Form and STarT Back Screening Tool
Fuhro, F. F., Fagundes, F. R. C., Manzoni, A. C. T., Costa, L. O. P., & Cabral, C. M. N. (2015) · Spine · doi:10.1097/brs.0000000000001415 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Association of STarT Back Tool and the short form of the Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire with multidimensional risk factors
Simula, A. S., Ruokolainen, O., Oura, P., Lausmaa, M., Holopainen, R., Paukkunen, M., AUVINEN, J. P., Linton, S. J., Hill, J. C., & Karppinen, J. I. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-57105-3 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Positive recovery for low-risk injuries screened by the short form - orebro musculoskeletal pain screening questionnaire following road traffic injury: evidence from an inception cohort study in New South Wales, Australia
Nguyen, H., Rebbeck, T., Kifley, A., Jagnoor, J., Dinh, M., Shetty, A., Nicholas, M., & Cameron, I. D. (2019) · BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · doi:10.1186/s12891-019-2881-9 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Optimizing management of low back pain through the pain and disability drivers management model: A feasibility trial
Longtin, C., Décary, S., Cook, C. E., Martel, M. O., Lafrenaye, S., Carlesso, L. C., Naye, F., & Tousignant‐Laflamme, Y. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0245689 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Relationship of musculoskeletal pain and well-being at work – Does pain matter?
Malmberg-Céder, K., Haanpää, M. L., Korhonen, P. E., Kautiainen, H., & Soinila, S. O. (2016) · Scandinavian Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.sjpain.2016.11.018 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Predictors of health-related quality of life after non-catastrophic injury sustained in a road traffic crash
Gopinath, B., Jagnoor, J., Kifley, A., Dinh, M. M. Q., Craig, A. R., & Cameron, I. D. (2019) · Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.rehab.2019.10.001 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Musculoskeletal pain stakeholder engagement and partnership development: determining patient-centered research priorities
Beneciuk, J. M., Verstandig, D., Taylor, C., Scott, D., Levin, J., Osborne, R., Bialosky, J. E., Lentz, T. A., Buck, T., Davis, A. L., et al. (2020) · Research Involvement and Engagement · doi:10.1186/s40900-020-00192-8 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
From protection to non‐protection: A mixed methods study investigating movement, posture and recovery from disabling low back pain
Wernli, K., Smith, A. J., Coll, F., Campbell, A., Kent, P. M., & O’Sullivan, P. (2022) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1002/ejp.2022 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Muscle synergy patterns as altered coordination strategies in individuals with chronic low back pain: a cross-sectional study
Saito, H., Yokoyama, H., Sasaki, A., & Nakazawa, K. (2023) · Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/s12984-023-01190-z · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Recommended approaches to assessing and managing physiotherapy clients experiencing psychological distress: a systematic mapping review
McGrath, R. L., Shephard, S., Parnell, T., Verdon, S., & Pope, R. (2023) · Physiotherapy Theory and Practice · doi:10.1080/09593985.2023.2284823 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Back Pain Beliefs Are Related to the Impact of Low Back Pain in Baby Boomers in the Busselton Healthy Aging Study
Beales, D. J., Smith, A. J., O’Sullivan, P., Hunter, M. L., & Straker, L. M. (2014) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.2522/ptj.20140064 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Improving work for the body – a participatory ergonomic intervention aiming at reducing physical exertion and musculoskeletal pain among childcare workers (the TOY-project): study protocol for a wait-list cluster-randomized controlled trial
Rasmussen, C. D. N., Hendriksen, P. R., Svendsen, M. J., Ekner, D., Hansen, K., Sørensen, O. H., Svendsen, S. W., van der Beek, A. J., & Holtermann, A. (2018) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-018-2788-z · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Understanding the Pain Experience and Treatment Considerations Along the Spectrum of Peripheral Artery Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Smolderen, K. G. E., Ujueta, F., Behan, D. B., Vlaeyen, J. W. S., Jackson, E. A., Peters, M. L., Whipple, M. O., Phillips, K. A., Chung, J., & Mena‐Hurtado, C. (2025) · Circulation Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes · doi:10.1161/hcq.0000000000000135 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Can the STarT Back Tool predict health-related quality of life and work ability after an acute/subacute episode with back or neck pain? A psychometric validation study in primary care
Forsbrand, M., Grahn, B. E. M., Hill, J. C., Petersson, I. F., Sennehed, C. P., & Stigmar, K. G. E. (2018) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021748 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
The clinical course of neck pain: Are trajectory patterns stable over a 1‐year period?
Irgens, P. M. S., Myhrvold, B. L., Kongsted, A., Waagan, K., Engebretsen, K. B., Vøllestad, N. K., & Robinson, H. S. (2021) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1002/ejp.1879 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Health-related quality of life 24 months after sustaining a minor musculoskeletal injury in a road traffic crash: A prospective cohort study
Gopinath, B., Jagnoor, J., Harris, I. A., Nicholas, M. K., Casey, P. P., Blyth, F., Maher, C. G., & Cameron, I. D. (2016) · Traffic Injury Prevention · doi:10.1080/15389588.2016.1244335 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Prescribing wellness: comprehensive pain management outside specialist services
Holliday, S., Hayes, C., Jones, L. E., Gordon, J., Harris, N., & Nicholas, M. K. (2018) · Australian Prescriber · doi:10.18773/austprescr.2018.023 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Multidimensional screening for predicting pain problems in adults: a systematic review of screening tools and validation studies
Veirman, E., Ryckeghem, D. M. L. V., Paepe, A. L. D., Kirtley, O. J., & Crombez, G. (2019) · PAIN Reports · doi:10.1097/pr9.0000000000000775 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Stratified health care for low back pain using the STarT Back approach: holy grail or doomed to fail?
Croft, P. R., Hill, J. C., Foster, N. E., Dunn, K. M., & van der Windt, D. (2024) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003319 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Musculoskeletal Pain Among School Teachers in Qassim, Saudi Arabia: Prevalence, Pattern, and Its Risk Factors
Aldukhayel, A., Almeathem, F. K., Aldughayyim, A., Almeshal, R. A., Almeshal, E. A., Alsaud, J. S., & AlBaltan, R. I. (2021) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.17510 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Factors associated with long term work incapacity following a non-catastrophic road traffic injury: analysis of a two-year prospective cohort study
Papic, C., Kifley, A., Craig, A. R., Grant, G. M., Collie, A., Pozzato, I., Gabbe, B. J., Derrett, S., Rebbeck, T. J., Jagnoor, J., et al. (2022) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-022-13884-5 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
The ability of physiotherapists to identify psychosocial factors in patients with musculoskeletal pain: A scoping review.
Henning, M., & Smith, M. (2022) · Musculoskeletal Care · doi:10.1002/msc.1725 · Cited by 16 · see citing works

The shortened Örebro Musculoskeletal Screening Questionnaire: Evaluation in a work-injured population
Gabel, C. P., Burkett, B. J., & Melloh, M. (2013) · Manual Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.math.2013.01.002 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Discriminative and Predictive Analysis of the Brazilian Version of the Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire (ÖMPSQ) Short-Form in Patients With Low Back Pain
Fuhro, F. F., Fagundes, F. R. C., Manzoni, A. C. T., & Cabral, C. M. N. (2021) · Journal of Chiropractic Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.jcm.2021.12.009 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Can the French version of the short Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire or its subsets predict the evolution of patients with acute, (sub) acute and chronic pain?
Korogod, N., Steyaert, A., Nonclercq, O., Opsommer, E., & Berquin, A. D. (2022) · BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · doi:10.1186/s12891-021-04944-9 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
The Orebro Musculoskeletal Pain Questionnaire
Brown, G. (2008) · Occupational Medicine · doi:10.1093/occmed/kqn077 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Predictive ability of a modified Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Questionnaire in an acute/subacute low back pain working population
Gabel, C. P., Melloh, M., Yelland, M., Burkett, B., & Roiko, A. (2011) · European Spine Journal · doi:10.1007/s00586-010-1509-4 · Cited by 50 · see citing works

Authors: Linton, S. J., Nicholas, M., & MacDonald, S.
Affiliations: Örebro University (SE)
The University of Sydney (AU)
Corresponding author: Linton, Steven J.
MacDonald, Shane
ORCID: Linton, Steven J.
Nicholas, Michael
MacDonald, Shane
Venue: Spine
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2011-10
Volume: 36
Issue: 22
Pages: 1891-1895
ISSN: 0362-2436 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1097/brs.0b013e3181f8f775
OpenAlex: W2163072018
Cited by: 358
References: 22
Citations by year: 2026: 21 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 4
FWCI: 3.29
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Spine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Medical Practices and Rehabilitation
Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Workplace Health and Well-being
Keywords: Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire, short-form questionnaire, musculoskeletal pain, screening questionnaire validation, sick leave, disability prediction, occupational health services, primary care, questionnaire length reduction
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Disability Evaluation, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Occupational Health Services, Pain Measurement, Predictive Value of Tests, Primary Health Care, Prognosis, Surveys and Questionnaires, ROC Curve, Severity of Illness Index, Sweden, Time Factors, Reproducibility of Results, Observer Variation, Sick Leave, Young Adult, Musculoskeletal Pain

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Development of a short form of the orebro musculoskeletal pain screening questionnaire

Abstract

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks