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Cited by 18Gestational Diabetes Research and ManagementPeroxisome Proliferator-Activated ReceptorsVitamin D Research Studies

Correlation of Serum Vitamin D, Adipose Tissue Vitamin D Receptor, and Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

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Wang, Hui-Yan, She, Guang-Tong, Sun, Li-Zhou, Lu, Hao, Wang, Yin-Pin, Miao, Jun, Liu, Ke-Zhuo, Sun, Cai-Feng +1 more·2019·Chinese Medical Journal
DOI 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000480PMC PMC6846247
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Abstract

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication during pregnancy. Obesity and overweight are closely related to metabolic diseases and diabetes. However, the role of adipose tissue in the pathogenesis of GDM remains to be studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation of vitamin D (VD) levels, VD receptor (VDR), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) expression with GDM in overweight or obese women. Methods: One hundred and forty pregnant women with full-term single-birth cesarean-section were selected as the study subjects and grouped (70 GDM women, including 35 non-overweight/non-obese women [group G1] and 35 women with overweight or obesity [group G2]; 70 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance, including 35 non-overweight/non-obese women [group N1] and 35 overweight/obese women [group N2]). The levels of serum VD, blood biochemistry, and adiponectin were compared in these women. Subcutaneous adipose tissue was isolated from the abdominal wall incision. VDR and PPARγ messenger RNA (mRNA) transcript levels in these adipose tissues were quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The differences between the levels of PPARγ protein and phosphorylated PPARγ Ser273 were detected by Western blotting. Results: The serum VD level of GDM women was lower in comparison to that of women with normal glucose tolerance (G1 vs. N1: 20.62 ± 7.87 ng/mL vs. 25.85 ± 7.29 ng/mL, G2 vs. N2: 17.06 ± 6.74 ng/mL vs. 21.62 ± 7.18 ng/mL, P < 0.05), and the lowest in overweight/obese GDM women. VDR and PPARγ mRNA expression was higher in the adipose tissues of GDM women in comparison to that of women with normal glucose tolerance (VDR mRNA: G1 vs. N1: 210.00 [90.58–311.46] vs. 89.34 [63.74–159.92], G2 vs. N2: 298.67 [170.84–451.25] vs. 198.28 [119.46–261.23], PPARγ mRNA: G1 vs. N1: 100.72 [88.61–123.87] vs. 87.52 [66.37–100.04], G2 vs. N2: 117.33 [100.08–149.00] vs. 89.90 [76.95–109.09], P < 0.05), and their expression was the highest in GDM + overweight/obese women. VDR mRNA levels positively correlated with the pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), pre-delivery BMI, fasting blood glucose (FBG), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and PPARγ mRNA while it negatively correlated with the VD and the adiponectin levels ( r = 0.395, 0.336, 0.240, 0.190, 0.235, –0.350, –0.294, respectively, P < 0.05). The degree of PPARγ Ser273 phosphorylation increased in obese and GDM pregnant women. PPARγ mRNA levels positively correlated with pre-pregnancy BMI, pre-delivery BMI, FBG, HOMA-IR, serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, free fatty acid, and VDR mRNA, while it negatively correlated with the VD and adiponectin levels ( r = 0.276, 0.199, 0.210, 0.230, 0.182, 0.214, 0.270, 0.235, –0.232, –0.199, respectively, P < 0.05). Conclusions: Both GDM and overweight/obese women had decreased serum VD levels and up-regulated VDR and PPARγ mRNA expression in adipose tissue, which was further higher in the overweight or obese women with GDM. VD may regulate the formation and differentiation of adipocytes through the VDR and PPARγ pathways and participate in the occurrence of GDM.

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  • In gestational diabetes, women with GDM often show lower circulating vitamin D levels, along with increased expression of vitamin D receptor (VDR) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) mRNA in adipose tissue, which may influence adipocyte development and fat storage pathways.

    “In gestational diabetes, women with GDM often show lower circulating vitamin D levels, along with increased expression of vitamin D receptor (VDR) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) mRNA in adipose tissue. These changes may influence the regulation of adipocyte development and fat storage pathways, potentially contributing to the progression of adipogenesis in GDM [140,”

    From Maternal Overnutrition and Fetal Programming: Long-Term Metabolic, Cognitive, and Epigenetic Consequences (2026) · cites this paper as [146]

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Wang, H.-Y., She, G.-T., Sun, L.-Z., Lu, H., Wang, Y.-P., Miao, J., Liu, K.-Z., Sun, C.-F., & Ju, H.-H.
Affiliations
Nanjing Medical University (CN)
ORCID
Lu, Hao
Venue
Chinese Medical Journal
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2019-11-05
Volume
132
Issue
21
Pages
2612-2620
ISSN
0366-6999 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1097/cm9.0000000000000480
PMC
PMC6846247
OpenAlex
W2981713811
Cited by
18
References
5
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 1 · 2018: 1
FWCI
1.63
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by-nc-nd
Locations
  • Chinese Medical Journal (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Vitamin D Research Studies
Keywords
gestational diabetes mellitus, vitamin D, vitamin D receptor, PPARγ, adipose tissue, maternal obesity, overweight, adiponectin, PPARγ phosphorylation, subcutaneous adipose tissue, gene expression, serum vitamin D levels, glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, inflammation, adipokines, pregnancy complications, cesarean section
MeSH terms
Female, Humans, Pregnancy, RNA, Messenger, Vitamin D, Blotting, Western, Diabetes, Gestational, Receptors, Calcitriol, PPAR gamma, Overweight

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