Cited by 163Pelvic floor disorders treatmentsPregnancy-related medical researchUterine Myomas and Treatments

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 48 of the 48 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

What's new in the functional anatomy of pelvic organ prolapse?

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DeLancey, John O.L.·2016·Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology

Abstract

Purpose of review: Provide an evidence-based review of pelvic floor functional anatomy related to pelvic organ prolapse. Recent findings: Pelvic organ support depends on interactions between the levator ani muscle and pelvic connective tissues. Muscle failure exposes the vaginal wall to a pressure differential producing abnormal tension on the attachments of the pelvic organs to the pelvic sidewall. Birth-induced injury to the pubococcygeal portion of the levator ani muscle is seen in 55% of women with prolapse and 16% of women with normal support. Failure of the lateral connective tissue attachments between the uterus and vagina to the pelvic wall (cardinal, uterosacral, and paravaginal) are strongly related with prolapse (effect sizes ∼2.5) and are also highly correlated with one another (r ∼ 0.85). Small differences exist with prolapse in factors involving the vaginal wall length and width (effect sizes ∼1). The primary difference in ligament properties between women with and without prolapse is found in ligament length. Only minor differences in ligament stiffness are seen. Summary: Pelvic organ prolapse occurs because of injury to the levator ani muscles and failure of the lateral connections between the pelvic organs to the pelvic sidewall. Abnormalities of the vaginal wall fascial tissues may play a minor role.

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Metadata

Authors
DeLancey, J. O. L.
Affiliations
Women's Hospital (US)
Corresponding author
DeLancey, John O.L.
Venue
Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology
Published
2016-10
Volume
28
Issue
5
Pages
420-429
ISSN
  • 1040-872X (ISSN-L)
  • 1473-656X
OpenAlex
W2509938651
Cited by
159
References
48
Citations by year
2026: 12 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 2
FWCI
0.85
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
  • Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD038665, P50HD044406)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Urology › Pelvic floor disorders treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Pregnancy-related medical research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Uterine Myomas and Treatments
Keywords
pelvic organ prolapse, levator ani muscle, pelvic connective tissue, cardinal ligament, uterosacral ligament, ligament length, ligament stiffness
MeSH terms
Biomechanical Phenomena, Elasticity, Female, Humans, Ligaments, Uterus, Vagina, Viscosity, Pelvic Floor, Pelvic Organ Prolapse

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