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Cited by 104Menopause: Health Impacts and TreatmentsSleep and related disordersSexual function and dysfunction studies

Frequency and severity of hot flashes and sleep disturbance in postmenopausal women with hot flashes

Ensrud, Kristine E., Stone, Katie L., Blackwell, Terri L., Sawaya, George F., Tagliaferri, Mary, Diem, Susan J., Grady, Deborah·2009·Menopause
DOI 10.1097/gme.0b013e31818c0485
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Abstract

In Brief Objective: To determine whether greater frequency and severity of hot flashes are independently associated with insomnia symptoms and objective measures of disrupted sleep among healthy postmenopausal women with hot flashes. Methods: A baseline cross-sectional analysis of a multicenter, randomized trial in 217 healthy postmenopausal women aged 40 to 60 years with hot flashes was conducted. Hot flash frequency and severity were recorded in a daily diary; frequency of moderate to severe hot flashes was the primary measure. Insomnia symptoms were assessed with the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Hot flash frequency and severity and objective parameters of sleep-wake patterns (using a wrist actigraph) were concurrently measured over an average of seven consecutive 24-hour periods in a subcohort of 112 women. Results: The mean age of participants was 54 years, and 80% were white; 33% had an ISI score greater than 14, consistent with at least moderate insomnia. In multivariable analysis, the mean ISI score showed a stepwise increase in magnitude with higher frequency of moderate to severe hot flashes (adjusted mean ISI score, 9.5, 11.4, 11.9, and 13.0 for quartiles 1-4, respectively; P for trend = 0.002). Higher frequency of moderate to severe hot flashes was also independently associated in a graded manner with greater nighttime wakefulness (P for trend = 0.028) and a higher number of long wake episodes (P for trend = 0.008) but was not related to sleep efficiency, total sleep time, or sleep latency. Conclusions: Among healthy postmenopausal women with hot flashes, frequency of moderate to severe hot flashes was independently associated in a graded manner with severity of insomnia symptoms and objective measures of nighttime wakefulness and sleep fragmentation. This study concurrently assessed self-reported hot flashes, insomnia symptoms, and objective parameters of sleep-wake patterns in a cohort of 217 healthy postmenopausal women aged 40-60 years with hot flashes. The frequency and severity of hot flashes was independently associated in a graded manner with severity of insomnia symptoms and objective measures of disrupted sleep including nighttime wakefulness and sleep fragmentation.

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Crossref · 10.1097/gme.0b013e31818c0485

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  • Self-reported nocturnal flashes correlate with subjective poor sleep quality, but the association is less clear when objective sleep measures are used.

    “Although self-reported nocturnal flashes correlate with subjective poor sleep quality, such association is less clear when objective sleep measures are used [96,105,106].”

    From Non-Pharmacological Treatment of Insomnia (2012) · cites this paper as [106]

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Authors
Ensrud, K. E., Stone, K. L., Blackwell, T. L., Sawaya, G. F., Tagliaferri, M., Diem, S. J., & Grady, D.
Affiliations
  • University of Minnesota (US)
  • California Pacific Medical Center (US)
  • University of California, San Francisco (US)
  • Bionovo (United States) (US)
ORCID
Venue
Menopause
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2009-03
Volume
16
Issue
2
Pages
286-292
ISSN
1072-3714 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1097/gme.0b013e31818c0485
OpenAlex
W1968760782
Cited by
104
References
26
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 9
FWCI
6.78
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Menopause The Journal of The North American Menopause Society (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Menopause: Health Impacts and Treatments
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Sexual function and dysfunction studies
Keywords
hot flashes, postmenopausal women, insomnia, sleep disorders, hot flash frequency, hot flash severity, sleep fragmentation, actigraphy, Insomnia Severity Index, menopause
MeSH terms
Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Severity of Illness Index, Sleep Wake Disorders, Postmenopause, Hot Flashes

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