Effect of exercise on sleep quality and insomnia in middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Open accessAbstract
Objective We assessed the effects of programmed exercise (PE) on sleep quality and insomnia in middle-aged women (MAW).Methods Searches were conducted in five databases from inception through December 15, 2016 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effects of PE versus a non-exercising control condition on sleep quality, sleep disturbance and/or insomnia in MAW. Interventions had to last at least 8 weeks. Sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and insomnia with the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Random effects models were used for meta-analyses. The effects on outcomes were expressed as mean differences (MDs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI).Results Five publications reported data from four RCTs on PE effects during 12-16 weeks on sleep quality (n=4 studies reporting PSQI results) and/or insomnia (n=3 studies reporting ISI results), including 660 MAW. Low-moderate levels of exercise significantly lowered the PSQI score (MD=-1.34; 95% CI -2.67, 0.00; p=0.05) compared with controls. In a subgroup analysis, moderate PE (aerobic exercise) had a positive effect on sleep quality (PSQI score MD=-1.85; 95% CI -3.62, -0.07; p=0.04), while low levels of physical activity (yoga) did not have a significant effect (MD-0.46, 95% CI -1.79, 0.88, p=0.50). In three studies (two studies of yoga, one study of aerobic exercise), there was a non-significant reduction in the severity of insomnia measured with the ISI score (MD -1.44, 95% CI -3.28, 0. 44, p=0.13) compared with controls. Heterogeneity of effects among studies was moderate to high.Conclusion In middle-aged women, programmed exercise improved sleep quality but had no significant effect on the severity of insomnia.
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- Authors
- Rubio-Arias, J. Á., Marín-Cascales, E., Ramos-Campo, D. J., Hernandez, A. V., & Pérez-López, F. R.
- Affiliations
- Universidad de Zaragoza (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Pérez-López, Faustino R.
- Venue
- Maturitas
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-06
- Volume
- 100
- Pages
- 49-56
- ISSN
- 0378-5122 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2604850185
- Cited by
- 159
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 8
- FWCI
- 2.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Maturitas (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RIUCAM (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Keywords
- physical activity, sleep quality, insomnia, middle-aged women, aerobic exercise, yoga, sleep disorders, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Insomnia Severity Index
- MeSH terms
- Exercise Therapy, Female, Humans, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Middle Aged, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
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