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Anxiety and depression after acute myocardial infarction: an 18-month follow-up study with repeated measures and comparison with a reference population
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Recently, there has been substantial improvement in coronary care and a corresponding reduction in mortality after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Some studies suggest that improved prognosis has led to reduced levels of anxiety and depression after AMI, in both the short and long term. The aims of this study were to assess symptoms of anxiety and depression from the acute event to 18 months following AMI, and to compare results with levels in the Norwegian reference population. DESIGN AND METHODS: The progress of 288 patients was monitored using self-reports 3, 6, 12 and 18 months after AMI. Anxiety and depression were measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Reference population data were obtained from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study 1995-1997 (the HUNT 2 Study). RESULTS: At baseline, 19.7 and 13.6% of AMI patients reported high levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms, respectively. At baseline, AMI patients were more anxious, but not more depressed, when compared with the reference population (P<0.001 and P = 0.092, respectively). After 3-18 months, AMI patients' levels of anxiety and depression were not higher than levels in the reference population. Anxiety and depression at baseline and after 3 months were the best predictors of anxiety and depression after 18 months, although complications, bed days and lifestyle improvement also significantly predicted depression after 18 months. CONCLUSION: Initially, AMI patients had higher levels of anxiety, but not depressive symptoms. After 3-18 months, these patients were not more anxious or depressed than the Norwegian reference population.
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“In addition, a substantial spontaneous improvement has been reported for MI patients in symptoms of both anxiety and depression over time [47].”
From Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for symptoms of depression and anxiety among patients with a recent myocardial infarction: The u-care heart randomized Controlled trial (2018) · cites this paper as [47]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Hanssen, T. A., Nordrehaug, J. E., Eide, G. E., Bjelland, I., & Rokne, B.
- Affiliations
- University of Bergen (NO)
- Department of Heart Disease,
- Centre for Clinical Research,
- Haukeland University Hospital (NO)
- Corresponding author
- Hanssen, Tove Aminda
- Venue
- European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2009-12
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 651-659
- ISSN
- 1741-8267 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2095502697
- Cited by
- 111
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 4.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Haukeland Universitetssjukehus
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Acute Myocardial Infarction Research
- Keywords
- acute myocardial infarction, anxiety, depression, depressive symptoms, long-term follow-up, predictors of depression, in-hospital complications, length of hospital stay, lifestyle modification, reference population comparison
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Anxiety, Depression, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction, Norway, Prospective Studies, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Linear Models, Case-Control Studies, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Treatment Outcome, Risk Assessment
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