It Is Not About the Bike, It Is About the Pedaling: Forced Exercise and Parkinson's Disease
Open accessAbstract
In Brief Forced exercise has resulted in neuroprotective effects and improved motor function in animal studies. These promising results have not yet been translated fully to humans with Parkinson's disease (PD), as traditional exercise interventions have not yielded global improvements in function. A novel forced exercise intervention is described that has resulted in improved motor function and central nervous system function in PD patients. A novel forced-exercise intervention is described, resulting in improved global motor function and cortical activation in patients with Parkinson's disease.
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Forced cycling led to improved automatic manual dexterity and increased connectivity between cortico-subcortical regions involved in automatic control using functional magnetic resonance imaging.
“This led to central changes as evidenced by improved automatic manual dexterity as well as increased connectivity between cortico-subcortical regions involved in automatic control using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).”
From Exercise-enhanced neuroplasticity targeting motor and cognitive circuitry in Parkinson's disease (2013) · cites this paper as [21]
Alberts and colleagues forced individuals with Parkinson's disease to achieve pedaling rates 30% greater than their preferred rate, combining cognitive engagement with aerobic training.
“Using a stationary tandem bicycle Alberts and colleagues “forced” individuals with PD to achieve pedaling rates that were 30% greater than their preferred rate thus combining aspects of cognitive engagement with aerobic training.21, 22”
From Exercise-enhanced neuroplasticity targeting motor and cognitive circuitry in Parkinson's disease (2013) · cites this paper as [21]
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Exercise-enhanced neuroplasticity targeting motor and cognitive circuitry in Parkinson's disease
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Alberts, J. L., Linder, S. M., Penko, A. L., Lowe, M. J., & Phillips, M.
- Affiliations
- Cleveland Clinic (US)
- Corresponding author
- Alberts, Jay L.
- Venue
- Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews
- Published
- 2011-10
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 177-186
- ISSN
- 0091-6331 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC12974772
- OpenAlex
- W2324437443
- Cited by
- 192
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 1.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS073717)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R21HD056316)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Neurological disorders and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
- Keywords
- Parkinson's disease, forced exercise, neuroprotection, motor function, cortical activation, exercise intervention, central nervous system function
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Bicycling, Exercise Therapy, Humans, Neuronal Plasticity, Parkinson Disease, Exercise
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