The bioengineered cardiac left ventricle
Abstract
Left ventricle and aortic valve underdevelopment are presentations in the congenital cardiac condition hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS); current clinical treatments involve right ventricle refunctionalization. Cardiac organoid models provide simplified open chambers engineered into a flow loop, to ameliorate ventricle-type function. Complete bioengineered ventricle development presents a significant advancement in cardiac organoids. This study provides the foundation for bioengineered complete ventricle (BECV) fabrication. Bioengineered trileaflet valve (BETV) molds and chitosan scaffolds were developed to emulate human neonate aortic valve geometry. Bioengineered complete ventricle were fabricated by fitting BETV into a bioengineered open ventricle (BEOV); the chamber was cellularized using a two-stage cellularization strategy, and BETV were passively seeded with rat neonatal cardiac fibroblasts and perfusion cultured for 3 days. Average pressure generated ranged from 0.06 to 0.12 mm Hg; average biopotential output was 1.02 mV. Histologic assessment displayed syncytial-type cardiomyocyte aggregates at the BECV chamber surface; BETV displayed randomly oriented, diffusely distributed cardiac fibroblasts. The fabrication of this novel BECV may aid in developing a functional engineered left ventricle for clinical application in HLHS.
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These methods oftentimes involve scaffolds which might interfere with tissue properties.
“In addition, these methods oftentimes involve scaffolds which might interfere with tissue properties (Patel and Birla, 2018; Chang et al., 2022; Choi et al., 2023; MacQueen et al., 2018; Michas et al., 2022; Xie et al., 2023; Williams et al., 2025).”
From Mini-hearts for disease modeling and drug testing – process optimization versus biological functionality (2026) · cites this paper as Patel and Birla, 2018
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“For instance, Patel and Birla initially included a tri-leaflet valve but did not demonstrate unidirectional ECC flow (Patel and Birla, 2017; Patel and Birla, 2018).”
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- Authors
- Patel, N. M., & Birla, R. K.
- Affiliations
- University of Houston (US)
- Corresponding author
- Birla, Ravi K.
- ORCID
- Birla, Ravi K.
- Venue
- ASAIO Journal
- Published
- 2018-01
- Volume
- 64
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 56-62
- ISSN
- 1058-2916 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2750710355
- Cited by
- 20
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4
- FWCI
- 1.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- ASAIO Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Mechanical Circulatory Support Devices
- Keywords
- hypoplastic left heart syndrome, cardiac organoids, trileaflet valve, chitosan scaffolds, aortic valve, perfusion culture
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Aortic Valve, Heart Ventricles, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Ventricular Function, Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome, Cell Culture Techniques, Myocytes, Cardiac, Chitosan, Rats, Bioengineering
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