The DOI matches its Crossref record; 44 of the 45 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
High Blood Pressure and All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortalities in Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Open accessAbstract
Although hypertension is common among older adults, the optimal blood pressure (BP) for survival in older adults remains unclear. We attempt to use a large cohort to assess the relationship between BP and mortality and to gain insight into what level of BP is required for optimal survival in older adults.A total of 77,389 community-dwelling adults, aged ≥65 years, were followed between 2006 and 2010. Mortality was determined using matching cohort identifications with national death files. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate the relationship of BP with all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and expanded-CVD mortalities.The mortality risks of the stage 2-3 hypertension group were substantial (all-cause mortality: hazard ratio [HR]: 1.23; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.10-1.37; CVDs mortality: HR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.05-1.64; expanded-CVDs mortality: HR: 1.40; 95% CI: 1.15-1.71). The cardiovascular and expanded-cardiovascular mortality risks were lowest when systolic blood pressures were 120 to 129 mm Hg, and increased significantly when systolic blood pressures (SBPs) were ≥160 mm Hg or diastolic BPs were ≥90 mm Hg. A J-curve phenomenon for SBP on CVD and expanded-CVD mortality was observed. The impacts of stage 2-3 hypertension on mortality risks were significantly increased among women. The mortality risks of hypertension were not attenuated with older age.This study provides insight for identifying the optimal BP for survival in older adults, and extends the knowledge of the impacts of hypertension on mortality risks among women and the older adults.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Figures
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Obesity is a known independent risk factor for multiple cardiovascular diseases [16,21,22]”
From PPG-Based Heart Rate Accuracy in Hispanic Adults with Fitzpatrick III–V Skin Tones: An Evaluation of Body Composition and Skin-Tone Effects (2026) · cites this paper as [21]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Chobanian, A. V. (2003) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.289.19.2560 · Cited by 25,386
Levey, A. S., Bosch, J. P., Lewis, J. B., Greene, T., Rogers, N., Roth, D., & for the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Group* (1999) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-130-6-199903160-00002 · Cited by 15,079
2013 ESH/ESC Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension
Authors Task Force Members, Mancia, G., Fagard, R., Narkiewicz, K., Redon, J., Zanchetti, A., Böhm, M., Christiaens, T., Cífková, R., Backer, G. D., et al. (2013) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/eht151 · Cited by 13,739
James, P. A., Oparil, S., Carter, B. L., Cushman, W. C., Dennison-Himmelfarb, C., Handler, J., Lackland, D. T., LeFevre, M. L., MacKenzie, T. D., Ogedegbe, O., et al. (2014) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2013.284427 · Cited by 7,950
Mancia, G., Fagard, R., Narkiewicz, K., Redón, J., Zanchetti, A., Böhm, M., Christiaens, T., Cifkova, R., De Backer, G., Dominiczak, A., et al. (2013) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/01.hjh.0000431740.32696.cc · Cited by 5,655
Pfeiffer, E. A. (1975) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1975.tb00927.x · Cited by 5,320
Treatment of hypertension in patients 80 years of age or older
Beckett, N. S., Peters, R., Fletcher, A. E., Staessen, J. A., Liu, L., Dumitrascu, D., Stoyanovsky, V., Antikainen, R. L., Nikitin, Y., Anderson, C., et al. (2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0801369 · Cited by 3,092
Hajjar, I. M. (2003) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.290.2.199 · Cited by 2,399
Global burden of blood-pressure-related disease, 2001
Lawes, C. M. M., Hoorn, S. V., & Rodgers, A. (2008) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(08)60655-8 · Cited by 2,314
US trends in prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension, 1988–2008
Egan, B. M. (2010) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2010.650 · Cited by 2,197
Blood Pressure, Systolic and Diastolic, and Cardiovascular Risks: US Population Data
Stamler, J. (1993) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.1993.00410050036006 · Cited by 1,015 · cited 1×
“INTRODUCTION H igh blood pressure (BP) is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is the leading cause of mortality.(1,2) Approximately 54% of strokes and 47% of coronary heart diseases, worldwide, are attributable to high BP.”
BackgroundWeber, M. A., Schiffrin, E. L., White, W. B., Mann, S., Lindholm, L. H., Kenerson, J. G., Flack, J. M., Carter, B. L., Materson, B. J., Ram, C. V. S., et al. (2014) · The Journal of Clinical Hypertension · doi:10.1111/jch.12237 · Cited by 986
Wen, C. P., Cheng, T. Y. D., Tsai, M. K., Chang, Y. C., Chan, H. T., Tsai, S. P., Chiang, P. H., Hsu, C. C., Sung, P. K., Hsu, Y. H., et al. (2008) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(08)60952-6 · Cited by 927
The Effect of Longevity on Spending for Acute and Long-Term Care
Spillman, B. C., & Lubitz, J. D. (2000) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200005113421906 · Cited by 417
Rethinking the Association of High Blood Pressure With Mortality in Elderly Adults
Odden, M. C., Peralta, C. A., Haan, M. N., & Covinsky, K. E. (2012) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2012.2555 · Cited by 361
He, J., & Whelton, P. K. (1999) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/s0002-8703(99)70312-1 · Cited by 325
Go, A. S., Bauman, M. A., Coleman King, S. M., Fonarow, G. C., Lawrence, W., Williams, K. A., & Sanchez, E. (2014) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/hyp.0000000000000003 · Cited by 306
Blood pressure and five year survival in the very old
Mattila, K. J., Haavisto, M., Rajala, S., & Heikinheimo, R. (1988) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.296.6626.887 · Cited by 272
Gu, Q., Burt, V. L., Paulose‐Ram, R., & Dillon, C. F. (2008) · American Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1038/ajh.2008.185 · Cited by 267
Ethnic Differences in Hypertension Incidence Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults
Carson, A. P., Howard, G., Burke, G. L., Shea, S., Levitan, E. B., & Muntner, P. (2011) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/hypertensionaha.110.168005 · Cited by 242
Chiang, C., Wang, T., Ueng, K.-C., Lin, T., Yeh, H., Chen, C.-Y., Wu, Y.-J., Tsai, W., Chao, T., Chen, C.-H., et al. (2014) · Journal of the Chinese Medical Association · doi:10.1016/j.jcma.2014.11.005 · Cited by 203
Rosengren, A., Welin, L., Tsipogianni, A., & Wilhelmsen, L. (1989) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.299.6708.1127 · Cited by 198
van Bemmel, T., Gussekloo, J., Westendorp, R. G., & Blauw, G. J. (2006) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/01.hjh.0000200513.48441.8e · Cited by 178
Blood Pressure and Survival in the Oldest Old
Oates, D. J., Berlowitz, D. R., Glickman, M. E., Silliman, R. A., & Borzecki, A. M. (2007) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01069.x · Cited by 175
&NA;, &. (1993) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/00004872-199303000-00013 · Cited by 173
The Relationship Between Blood Pressure and Mortality in the Oldest Old
Satish, S., Freeman, D. H., Ray, L., & Goodwin, J. S. (2001) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1046/j.1532-5415.2001.49078.x · Cited by 164
Paradoxical survival of elderly men with high blood pressure.
Langer, R. D., Ganiats, T., & Barrett-Connor, E. L. (1989) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.298.6684.1356 · Cited by 152
Rastas, S., Pirttilä, T., Viramo, P., Verkkoniemi, A., Halonen, P. M., Juva, K., Niinistö, L., Mattila, K. J., Länsimies, E., & Sulkava, R. O. (2006) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2006.00742.x · Cited by 143
Factors associated with long-term survival of diabetics
PELL, S. (1970) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.214.10.1833 · Cited by 117
Association of Body Mass Index with All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality in the Elderly
Wu, C.-Y., Chou, Y. C., Huang, N., Chou, Y., Hu, H.-Y., & Li, C.-P. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0102589 · Cited by 111
Self-citationFactors Associated With Long-Term Survival of Diabetics
Pell, S. (1970) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1970.03180100027005 · Cited by 108
Evidence for improved control of hypertension in Taiwan: 1993–2002
Su, T., Bai, C., Chang, H., You, S., Chien, K., Chen, M.-F., Chen, H., Pan, W., Tseng, C., Cheng, S., et al. (2008) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/hjh.0b013e3282f3b352 · Cited by 101
Hall, W. (1999) · PubMed · Cited by 75
Gee, M. E., Bienek, A., McAlister, F. A., Robitaille, C., Joffres, M., Tremblay, M. S., Johansen, H., & Campbell, N. R. C. (2012) · Canadian Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2011.12.012 · Cited by 74
Banach, M., Bromfield, S. G., Howard, G., Howard, V. J., Zanchetti, A., Aronow, W. S., Ahmed, A., Safford, M. M., & Muntner, P. (2014) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.07.067 · Cited by 69
Blood pressure and risk of cardiovascular diseases in type 2 diabetes
Cederholm, J., Guðbjörnsdóttir, S., Eliasson, B., Zethelius, B., Eeg‐Olofsson, K., & Nilsson, P. M. (2012) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/hjh.0b013e3283577bdf · Cited by 67
Hypertension and 5-Year Mortality among 85-Year-Olds: The Jerusalem Longitudinal Study
Jacobs, J. M., Stessman, J., Ein‐Mor, E., & Bursztyn, M. (2012) · Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2012.05.005 · Cited by 46
Wu, C., Chou, Y. C., Huang, N., Chou, Y., Hu, H., & Li, C. (2014) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.06.027 · Cited by 43
Self-citationThe association between functional disability and acute care utilization among the elderly in Taiwan
Wu, C., Hu, H., Li, C., Fang, Y.-T., Huang, N., & Chou, Y. (2013) · Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics · doi:10.1016/j.archger.2013.04.011 · Cited by 41
Self-citationAssociations of Metabolic Syndrome and its Components With Mortality in the Elderly
Yen, Y., Hu, H., Lin, I.-F., Lai, Y., Su, V. Y., Pan, S., Ting, W.-Y., & Su, W. (2015) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000000956 · Cited by 32
Self-citationWang, Y., Wang, Y., Qain, Y., Jin, Z., Tang, X., Sun, J., & Zhu, D. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0071223 · Cited by 25
Afghahi, H., Svensson, M. K. E., Pirouzifard, M., Eliasson, B., & Svensson, A. (2015) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-015-3548-1 · Cited by 21
Bøg‐Hansen, E., Merlo, J., Gullberg, B., Melander, A., Råstam, L., & Lindblad, U. (2004) · Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care · doi:10.1080/02813430410006620 · Cited by 12
Lin, C., Chen, C., Kung, P., Li, C.-I., Yang, S.-Y., Liu, C.-S., Lin, W., Lee, C.-C., Li, T., & Kardia, S. L. R. (2012) · Cardiovascular Diabetology · doi:10.1186/1475-2840-11-131 · Cited by 11
Self-citation
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Rahaman, M. S., Rahman, M. M., Mise, N., Sikder, M. T., Ichihara, G., Uddin, M. K., Kurasaki, M., & Ichihara, S. (2021) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117940 · Cited by 598
Rosoff, D. B., Smith, G. D., Mehta, N. N., Clarke, T., & Lohoff, F. W. (2020) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1003410 · Cited by 213
Min, S., An, J., Lee, J. H., Kim, J. H., Joe, D. J., Eom, S. H., Yoo, C. D., Ahn, H., Hwang, J.-Y., Xu, S. H., et al. (2025) · Nature Reviews Cardiology · doi:10.1038/s41569-025-01127-0 · Cited by 155
Mattina, G. F., Lieshout, R. J. V., & Steiner, M. S. (2019) · Therapeutic Advances in Cardiovascular Disease · doi:10.1177/1753944719851950 · Cited by 106
Zhou, Y., Hou, Y., Hussain, M., Brown, S.-A. N., Budd, T. G., Tang, W. H. W., Abraham, J., Xu, B., Shah, C., Moudgil, R., et al. (2020) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.120.019628 · Cited by 99
Metadata
- Authors
- Wu, C.-Y., Hu, H.-Y., Chou, Y.-J., Huang, N., Chou, Y.-C., & Li, C.-P.
- Affiliations
- Taipei Veterans General Hospital (TW)
- Corresponding author
- Li, Chung-Pin
- Venue
- Medicine
- Published
- 2015-11
- Volume
- 94
- Issue
- 47
- Pages
- e2160
- ISSN
- 0025-7974 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5059018
- OpenAlex
- W2323782716
- Cited by
- 207
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 50 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 0.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nd
- Locations
- Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Council (NSC 98-2314-B-075-029)
- Taipei Veterans General Hospital (V103C-201)
- Taipei City Government
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Sodium Intake and Health
- Keywords
- hypertension, blood pressure, all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, older adults, J-curve, optimal blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, sex differences, community-dwelling older adults
- MeSH terms
- Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Blood Pressure, Cardiovascular Diseases, Female, Health Status, Humans, Hypertension, Life Style, Male, Prognosis, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Socioeconomic Factors, Health Behavior, Proportional Hazards Models
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
