Cited by 1,152Opioid Use Disorder TreatmentSubstance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesHealthcare Policy and Management

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The economic burden of prescription opioid overdose, abuse and dependence in the United States, 2013

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Florence, Curtis S., Zhou, Chao, Luo, Feijun, Xu, Likang·2016·Medical Care

DOI 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000625PMC PMC5975355

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Abstract

Importance: It is important to understand the magnitude and distribution of the economic burden of prescription opioid overdose, abuse, and dependence to inform clinical practice, research, and other decision makers. Decision makers choosing approaches to address this epidemic need cost information to evaluate the cost effectiveness of their choices. Objective: To estimate the economic burden of prescription opioid overdose, abuse, and dependence from a societal perspective. Design, Setting, and Participants: Incidence of fatal prescription opioid overdose from the National Vital Statistics System, prevalence of abuse and dependence from the National Survey of Drug Use and Health. Fatal data are for the US population, nonfatal data are a nationally representative sample of the US civilian noninstitutionalized population ages 12 and older. Cost data are from various sources including health care claims data from the Truven Health MarketScan Research Databases, and cost of fatal cases from the WISQARS (Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System) cost module. Criminal justice costs were derived from the Justice Expenditure and Employment Extracts published by the Department of Justice. Estimates of lost productivity were based on a previously published study. Exposure: Calendar year 2013. Main Outcomes and Measures: Monetized burden of fatal overdose and abuse and dependence of prescription opioids. Results: The total economic burden is estimated to be $78.5 billion. Over one third of this amount is due to increased health care and substance abuse treatment costs ($28.9 billion). Approximately one quarter of the cost is borne by the public sector in health care, substance abuse treatment, and criminal justice costs. Conclusions and Relevance: These estimates can assist decision makers in understanding the magnitude of adverse health outcomes associated with prescription opioid use such as overdose, abuse, and dependence.

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Self-citation

Authors: Florence, C. S., Zhou, C., Luo, F., & Xu, L.
Affiliations: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
ORCID: Florence, Curtis S.
Luo, Feijun
Xu, Likang
Venue: Medical Care
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2016-10
Volume: 54
Issue: 10
Pages: 901-906
ISSN: 0025-7079 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000625
PMC: PMC5975355
OpenAlex: W2519105412
Cited by: 1,152
References: 15
Citations by year: 2026: 30 · 2025: 41 · 2024: 51 · 2023: 79 · 2022: 125 · 2021: 195 · 2020: 265 · 2019: 185 · 2018: 128 · 2017: 45 · 2016: 5
FWCI: 119.97
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
europepmc.org
Locations: Medical Care (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (CC999999)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Healthcare Policy and Management
Keywords: prescription opioid overdose, opioid abuse, opioid use disorder, economic burden, social costs, health care costs, criminal justice costs, productivity loss, fatal overdose, opioid epidemic
MeSH terms: Absenteeism, Prescription Drug Overuse, Criminal Law, Female, Humans, Male, Opioid-Related Disorders, United States, Health Care Costs, Cost of Illness, Prescription Drug Misuse

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The economic burden of prescription opioid overdose, abuse and dependence in the United States, 2013

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