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Cited by 6Cannabis and Cannabinoid ResearchOpioid Use Disorder TreatmentPosttraumatic Stress Disorder Research

Impact of cannabis on non-medical opioid use and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder: a nationwide longitudinal VA study

De Aquino, Joao P., Sofuoglu, Mehmet, Stefanovics, Elina A., Rosenheck, Robert A.·2020·The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse
DOI 10.1080/00952990.2020.1818248
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Abstract

Background Multiple states have authorized cannabis as an opioid substitution agent and as a treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).Objectives This study sought to investigate the relationship between cannabis use, non-medical opioid use, and PTSD symptoms among U.S. veterans.Methods From 1992–2011, veterans admitted to specialized intensive PTSD treatment participated in a national evaluation with assessments at intake and four months after discharge. Participants with non-medical opioid use ≥ 7 days during the 30 days preceding admission were divided into two groups: those with cannabis use ≥ 7 days, and those without cannabis use. These two groups were compared on measures of substance use and PTSD symptoms at baseline and 4-months outpatient follow-up. We hypothesized that, at both assessments, the group with baseline cannabis use would show less non-medical opioid use and less severe PTSD symptoms.Results Of 1,413 veterans with current non-medical opioid use, 438 (30.3%) also used cannabis, and 985 (69.7%) did not. At baseline, veterans with concurrent non-medical opioid and cannabis use had slightly fewer days of non-medical opioid use (p < .005; d = −0.16), greater use of other substances (p < .0001) and more PTSD symptoms (p = .003; d = 0.16), compared to veterans who used non-medical opioids but not cannabis. At follow-up, substance use or PTSD symptoms did not significantly differ.Conclusion Cannabis use was not associated with a substantial reduction of non-medical opioid use, or either improvement or worsening of PTSD symptoms in this population. Hence, these data do not encourage cannabis use to treat either non-medical opioid use or PTSD.

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Authors
De Aquino, J. P., Sofuoglu, M., Stefanovics, E. A., & Rosenheck, R. A.
Affiliations
  • Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
  • Yale University (US)
ORCID
Venue
The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2020-10-09
Volume
46
Issue
6
Pages
812-822
ISSN
  • 0095-2990 (ISSN-L)
  • 1097-9891
DOI
10.1080/00952990.2020.1818248
OpenAlex
W3092526131
Cited by
6
References
77
Citations by year
2024: 4 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 1
FWCI
0.30
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
New England Mental Illness Research and Education Clinical Center
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
Keywords
cannabis use, nonmedical opioid use, post-traumatic stress disorder, veterans, opioid substitution therapy, substance use, PTSD treatment, polydrug use
MeSH terms
Marijuana Use, Adult, Analgesics, Opioid, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Opioid-Related Disorders, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, United States, Veterans, Medical Marijuana

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