Effects of Growing‐Up Milk Supplemented With Prebiotics and LCPUFAs on Infections in Young Children
Open accessAbstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of growing‐up milk (GUM) with added short‐chain galacto‐oligosaccharides (scGOS)/long‐chain fructo‐oligosaccharides (lcFOS) (9:1) (Immunofortis) and n‐3 long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) on the occurrence of infections in healthy children attending day care centres. Methods: In a randomised double‐blind controlled, parallel, multicountry intervention study, 767 healthy children, ages 11 to 29 months, received GUM with scGOS/lcFOS/LCPUFAs (the active group, n = 388), GUM without scGOS/lcFOS/LCPUFAs (the control group, n = 379), or cow's milk (n = 37) for 52 weeks. The primary outcome measure was the number of episodes of upper respiratory tract infections or gastrointestinal infections based on a combination of subject's illness symptoms reported by the parents during the intervention period. Results: Children in the active group compared with the control group had a decreased risk of developing at least 1 infection (299/388 [77%] vs 313/379 [83%], respectively, relative risk 0.93, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.87–1.00; logistic regression P= 0.03). There was a trend toward a reduction (P= 0.07) in the total number of infections in the active group, which was significant when confirmed by one of the investigators (268/388 [69%] vs 293/379 [77%], respectively, relative risk 0.89, 95% CI 0.82–0.97;P= 0.004, post hoc). More infectious episodes were observed in the cow's milk group, when compared with both GUM groups (34/37 [92%] vs 612/767 [80%], respectively, relative risk 1.15, 95% CI 1.04–1.28). Conclusions: This is the first study in children to show a reduced risk of infection following consumption of GUM supplemented with scGOS/lcFOS/n‐3 LCPUFAs. The borderline statistical significance justifies a new study to confirm this finding.
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Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids have been tested as active prebiotics.
“long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids have been tested as active prebiotics [254]”
From Gut microbiota role in irritable bowel syndrome: New therapeutic strategies (2016) · cites this paper as [254]
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- Authors
- Chatchatee, P., Lee, W. S., Carrilho, E., Kosuwon, P., Simakachorn, N., Yavuz, Y., Schouten, B., Graaff, P. L., & Szajewska, H.
- Affiliations
- Chulalongkorn University (TH)
- University Malaya Medical Centre (MY)
- Department of Paediatrics Clinica Pediatrica da Amadora Amadora Portugal
- Khon Kaen University (TH)
- Maharat Nakhon Ratchasima Hospital (TH)
- Nutricia Research (Netherlands) (NL)
- Medical University of Warsaw (PL)
- Corresponding author
- Chatchatee, Pantipa
- Venue
- Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2014-04
- Volume
- 58
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 428-437
- ISSN
- 0277-2116 (ISSN-L)
- 1536-4801
- PMC
- PMC3969152
- OpenAlex
- W2133486207
- Cited by
- 37
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 4
- FWCI
- 4.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- The University of Malaya Research Repository (University of Malaya) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000062, TL1TR001451, UL1TR001450)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Infant Nutrition and Health
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Emergency Medical Services › Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Keywords
- prebiotics, galactooligosaccharides, fructooligosaccharides, n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, upper respiratory tract infection, gastrointestinal infections, pediatric infection, daycare children, cow's milk, infant and young child nutrition, infection control, probiotics, dietary supplementation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Body Height, Body Weight, Child, Preschool, Diarrhea, Double-Blind Method, Female, Fever, Fructose, Galactose, Humans, Infant, Infections, Male, Milk, Oligosaccharides, Respiratory Tract Infections, Vomiting, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Body Mass Index, Dietary Supplements, Prebiotics
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